Locomotive Emissions Monitoring Program - Railway Association of ...

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The actions taken by the railways in 2008 compared to 2007 and 2006 are displayed in the matrix below: 2006 2007 a 2008 Total CAC Commitments Listed Under the MOU Acquire only new and freshly manufactured locomotives that meet applicable EPA emissions standards. Upgrade, upon remanufacturing all high-hp locomotives to EPA emissions standards Upgrade to Tier 0, upon remanufacturing, all medium hp locomotives built after 1972 beginning in 2010 Retire from service 130 medium-hp locomotives built between 1973 and 1999 Actions Taken New EPA Tier 2 Locomotives Acquired High-horsepower Units Upgrades to EPA Tier 0 or Tier 1 Mediumhorsepower United Upgraded to EPA Tier 0 Retire 1973-99 era Medium horsepower Units Class I Mainline Freight Intercity Passenger Commuter Service Class I Mainline Freight Intercity Passenger Commuter Service Class I Mainline Freight Intercity Passenger Commuter Service 60 0 0 105 b 0 2 34 0 26 227 19 0 0 6 c 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 7 d 0 0 12 0 0 19 21 0 0 50 0 0 34 0 20 125 a 2007 data were revised as per Audit conducted in 2009. Corresponding emissions values were calculated for 2007 and included in the LEM report for 2008. b Audited from 85 to 105. c Audited from 92 to 6 due to findings that revealed units reported in 2007 as being upgraded to EPA Tier 0 were, in fact, already at EPA Tier 0 and recertified to EPA Tier 0 upon remanufacture. d Audited from 10 to 7. Of note is that in 2008, 56 high-horsepower locomotives already at Tier 0 were remanufactured with their Tier 0 status being re-certified. As well, 10 were remanufactured retaining their Tier 1 status. Table 6 shows the progressive number of locomotives meeting Tier 0, Tier 1 or Tier 2 compared to the total number of freight and passenger train locomotives. In 2008, 46.4 per cent of the line-haul freight and passenger locomotives met EPA Tier-level emissions standards. Table 6 Locomotives in Canadian Fleet Meeting U.S. EPA Emissions Limits 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Total number of freight train and passenger train line-haul locomotives a 1,991 2,048 2,069 2,129 2,300 2,363 2,425 2,565 2,390 Number of freight train and passenger train locomotives meeting U.S. EPA Tier 0, Tier 1 and Tier 2 emissions limits 80 179 189 634 842 870 956 1,082 b 1,110 a Does not include DMUs, EMUs, RDCs, switchers, slugs, historic or steam locomotives. b Audited from 1,065 to 1,082 As listed in Appendix B, a total of 84 additional Tier-level locomotives were introduced into the Canadian fleet in 2008 by the Class I and Regional freight railways and GO Transit commuter railway. However, as shown in Table 6, the net fleet increase over 2007 was 28. This is because 56 Tier-level locomotives listed in the 2007 LEM fleet roster were removed from service in 2008 for operational and equipment reasons. A new statistic gathered for this LEM reporting was the number of locomotives equipped with automated anti-idling systems to minimize unnecessary idling. The total for 2008 was 1,104, which is 39.1 per cent of the in-service fleet. 12 LEM 2008
4 Diesel Fuel Properties The RAC survey showed that in 2008 the weighted average sulphur content of the diesel fuel used by Canadian railways was 147 ppm. This is down from the average of 500 ppm in 2008 and 1,275 ppm in 2006. As noted in Section 5, this resulted in a lower emission factor used to calculate the emitted amount of oxides of sulphur (SOx, but expressed as SO 2 ). Influencing railway diesel fuel properties has been the requirement, effective June 1, 2007, to comply with the Environment Canada regulation limiting sulphur content to 500 ppm (or 0.05 per cent). This precedes a further reduction that will come into effect June 1, 2012, limiting sulphur content to 15 ppm (or 0.0015 per cent) – referred to as ultralow sulphur diesel (ULSD) fuel. The fact that the 2008 average sulphur content was lower than 500 ppm shows that ULSD is already being used extensively. VIA Rail Canada and the commuter railways have, since 2007, standardized on the use of ULSD fuel. Photo courtesy of VIA Rail 13 LEM 2008
Page 1 and 2: Locomotive Emissions Monitoring Pro
Page 3 and 4: Executive Summary The Locomotive Em
Page 5 and 6: Photo: Courtesy of CN Fuel Consumpt
Page 7 and 8: operation of longer trains in 2008.
Page 9 and 10: Locomotive Utilization Profile: Thi
Page 11 and 12: Terminology Related to Locomotive E
Page 13 and 14: Conversion Factors Related to Railw
Page 15 and 16: Abbreviations used in Railway Opera
Page 17 and 18: 27 7 Emissions Reduction Initiative
Page 19 and 20: 1 Introduction This report contains
Page 21 and 22: Subsequently, the definitions, for
Page 23 and 24: 2 Traffic and Fuel Consumption Data
Page 25 and 26: 2.2 Passenger Traffic Handled 2.2.1
Page 27 and 28: 2.3.1 Freight Operations Fuel consu
Page 29: 3 2008 Locomotive Inventory The act
Page 33 and 34: Table 7 also shows that the EF used
Page 35 and 36: 5.3 Emissions Generated 5.3.1 Green
Page 37 and 38: Figure 10 Total Railway GHG Emissio
Page 39 and 40: Figure 15 Commuter Rail GHG Emissio
Page 41 and 42: 6 Fuel Consumption and Emissions in
Page 43 and 44: Table 15 TOMA No. 2 - Windsor - Que
Page 45 and 46: 7 Emissions Reductions Initiatives
Page 47 and 48: 7.2.6 Low and Ultra-Low Sulphur Die
Page 49 and 50: 7.3 Operations-related Initiatives
Page 51 and 52: 7.4.4 Co-production Co-production i
Page 53 and 54: 8 Summary and Conclusions The econo
Page 55 and 56: Notice of Clarification The metrics
Page 57 and 58: 3.2 CAC Commitments by the Major Ra
Page 59 and 60: 6.0 Management of the Memorandum 6.
Page 61 and 62: Annex 1 RAC MEMBER COMPANIES Novemb
Page 63 and 64: 2) The emissions data for the TOMAs
Page 65 and 66: Annex 4 Greenhouse Gases The greenh
Page 67 and 68: Appendix B-1 Locomotive Fleet 2008
Page 69 and 70: Appendix B-2 Locomotive Fleet 2008
Page 71 and 72: Appendix C Railway Lines Included i
Page 73 and 74: Appendix E-1 Locomotive GHG Emissio
Page 75 and 76: Appendix F RAC Member Railways in 2
Page 77 and 78: Appendix G Railway Association of C
Page 79: OFI-04 Recommendation: RAC to inter

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