Designing Games with Game Maker - YoYo Games

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instance_position(x,y,obj) Returns the id of the instance of type obj at position (x,y). When multiple instances are at that position the first is returned. obj can be an object or the keyword all. If it does not exist, the special object noone is returned. instance_nearest(x,y,obj) Returns the id of the instance of type obj nearest to (x,y). obj can be an object or the keyword all. instance_furthest(x,y,obj) Returns the id of the instance of type obj furthest away from (x,y). obj can be an object or the keyword all. instance_place(x,y,obj) Returns the id of the instance of type obj met when the current instance is placed at position (x,y). obj can be an object or the keyword all. If it does not exist, the special object noone is returned. The following functions can be used for creating and destroying instances. instance_create(x,y,obj) Creates an instance of obj at position (x,y). The function returns the id of the new instance. instance_copy(performevent) Creates a copy of the current instance. The argument indicates whether the creation event must be executed for the copy. The function returns the id of the new copy. instance_destroy() Destroys the current instance. instance_change(obj,perf) Changes the instance into obj. perf indicates whether to perform the destroy and creation events. position_destroy(x,y) Destroys all instances whose sprite contains position (x,y). position_change(x,y,obj,perf) Changes all instances at (x,y) into obj. perf indicates whether to perform the destroy and creation events. Deactivating instances When you create large room, for example in platform games, with a small view, many instances lie outside the view. Such instances though are still active and will execute their events. Also when performing collision checks these instances are taken into account. This can cost a lot of time, which is often not necessary. (For example, often it is not important whether instances outside the view move.) To solve this problem Game Maker contains some functions to deactivate and activate instances. Before using them you must though clearly understand how they work.
When you deactivate instances they are in some sense removed from the game. They are not visible anymore nor are any events executed for them. So for all actions and functions they don't exist anymore. This saves a lot of time but you have to be careful. For example, when you delete all instances of a particular type, deactivated instances are not deleted (because they don't exist). So don't think that a key a player picks up can unlock a deactivated door. The most crucial mistake you can make is to deactivate the instance that is responsible for the activation. To avoid this some of the routines below allow you to insist that the calling instance should not be deactivated itself. Here are the available routines: instance_deactivate_all(notme) Deactivates all instances in the room. If notme is true the calling instance is not deactivated (which is normally what you want). instance_deactivate_object(obj) Deactivates all instances in the room of the given object. You can also use all to indicate that all instances must be deactivated or the id of an instance to deactivate an individual instance. instance_deactivate_region(left,top,width,height,inside,not me) Deactivates all instances in the indicated region (that is, those whose bounding box lies partially inside the region). If inside is false the instances completely outside the region are deactivated. If notme is true the calling instance is not deactivated (which is normally what you want). instance_activate_all() Activates all instances in the room. instance_activate_object(obj) Activates all instances in the room of the given object. You can also use all to indicate that all instances must be activated or the id of an instance to activate an individual instance. instance_activate_region(left,top,width,height,inside) Activates all instances in the indicated region. If inside is false the instances completely outside the region are activated. For example, to deactivate all instances outside the view and activate the ones inside the view, you could place the following code in the step event of the moving character: {
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What is New Designing Games with Ga
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It can now be indicated whether or
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• You can now set the variable cu
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Playing computer games is fun. But
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Upgrading to the Pro Edition Game M
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http://www.yoyogames.com/upgrade He
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simple: There is a blue ball bounci
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(Actually, this is what you see whe
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Resources menu In this menu, you ca
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When you make a game you normally s
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To create a background resource in
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whether this is a solid object (lik
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Here you select the event you want
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the keys pressed happen. Note that
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Key release events This event is si
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Relative. If you check this, the ne
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object is reached. If there already
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Transform Sprite Use this action to
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Sleep With this action you can free
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Check Collision This is the reverse
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peferably only for small pieces of
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provide the positions and the capti
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to right. You specify the rectangle
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You can change most of these variab
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To add instances to the room, first
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At the top you will see the backgro
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When you start Game Maker in advanc
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• Show the origin and bounding bo
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Editing your sprites Up to now we l
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• Scale. This command scales the
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• Disappear. Makes the image disa
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Once you selected the correct set o
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• Clear. Clear the image to the l
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Multiple normal sounds can play at
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You can indicate a number of settin
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When a ball hits the floor it must
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action it lets the instance take a
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The following additional draw actio
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dies. The transparency slowly chang
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Resume CD Resumes a paused CD. Chec
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e the way you left it the last time
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At the left top there is the curren
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At the top there is a box labeled E
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Letters range that contains all upp
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top tool bar. Here you can also ind
Page 91 and 92: You might wonder what happens when
Page 93 and 94: Set the time line position With thi
Page 95 and 96: As you might have noticed, parts of
Page 97 and 98: In this form you can indicate which
Page 99 and 100: about the game and how it was creat
Page 101 and 102: Resolution In this tab you can set
Page 103 and 104: Also you can set the priority of th
Page 105 and 106: Change to change a selected file, D
Page 107 and 108: Here you can set a number of option
Page 109 and 110: Game Maker contains a built-in prog
Page 111 and 112: • !: not, turns true into false a
Page 113 and 114: } instance_create(xx,yy,ball); Addr
Page 115 and 116: } obj[1].id.x = 12; The last statem
Page 117 and 118: { } repeat (5) instance_create(rand
Page 119 and 120: } for (i=0; i
Page 121 and 122: A function has the form of a functi
Page 123 and 124: with (ball) { } x = random(room_wid
Page 125 and 126: andom_set_seed(seed) Sets the seed
Page 127 and 128: string_copy(str,index,count) Return
Page 129 and 130: date_get_hour(date) Returns the hou
Page 131 and 132: Generating Events Miscellaneous Var
Page 133 and 134: Paths move_bounce_all(adv) Bounces
Page 135 and 136: e careful how and when you apply it
Page 137 and 138: overwritten by the new path. (See a
Page 139 and 140: mp_grid_add_instances(id,obj,prec)
Page 141: instance_count* Number of instances
Page 145 and 146: As you should know, every instance
Page 147 and 148: loading. You can also save and load
Page 149 and 150: score The current score. lives Numb
Page 151 and 152: ev_joystick1_button7 ev_joystick1_b
Page 153 and 154: Here are some variables and functio
Page 155 and 156: There is no game without interactio
Page 157 and 158: vk_insert insert key vk_pageup page
Page 159 and 160: You can change the way the mouse cu
Page 161 and 162: image_index When the image has mult
Page 163 and 164: ackground_height[0...7]* Height of
Page 165 and 166: ,xscale,yscale,rot,c1,c2,c3,c4,alph
Page 167 and 168: ection,showback,showborder) With th
Page 169 and 170: Fonts and text In games you sometim
Page 171 and 172: This functionality is only availabl
Page 173 and 174: sprite_get_texture(spr,subimg) Retu
Page 175 and 176: draw_set_blend_mode(mode) Indicates
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Page 179 and 180: change their position, and even sca
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Page 183 and 184: window_set_sizeable(sizeable) Sets
Page 185 and 186: window_default() Gives the window t
Page 187 and 188: can also assign an instance id to t
Page 189 and 190: Be careful when using this techniqu
Page 191 and 192: sound_volume(index,value) Changes t
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wave Waveform of the LFO. (0 = tria
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accordingly. The effect is especial
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MCI_command(str) This functions sen
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e adapted to the scaled size of the
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message_caption(show,str) Sets the
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place (1-10). This can be used to d
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sound_discard(index) Frees the audi
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script_exists(ind) Returns whether
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• Make sure you delete resources
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sprite_add_from_surface(ind,id,x,y,
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does not matter. background_create_
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Scripts an empty path. path_reverse
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ehavior we must define events for t
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oom. room_tile_add(ind,back,left,to
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fa_directory directories fa_archive
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using the file selector. Note that
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To pass certain parameter settings
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All data structures work globally i
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Lists ds_queue_size(id) Returns the
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ds_map_create() Creates a new map.
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Grids an easy mechanism for saving
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ds_grid_get_mean(id,x1,y1,x2,y2) Re
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• ef_smokeup • ef_star • ef_s
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at the beginning of the animation o
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Besides the color you can also give
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front of, or between object instanc
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• distribution indicates the dist
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settings. part_attractor_position(p
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Changers change certain particles w
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part_type_gravity(pt2,0.2,270); par
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mplay_connect_status() returns the
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calling the first routine. This id
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This functionality is only availabl
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ty_real,2,ty_real,ty_real); global.
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• When you use the 3D functionali
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Note that at the moment a new insta
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} ttt = background_get_texture(back
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Default you look along the negative
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A standard use for this is to draw
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{ } d3d_transform_set_identity(); d
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d3d_light_define_direction(ind,dx,d
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pr_trianglefan. d3d_model_vertex(in
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