Director of Public Health Annual Report 2012 [pdf] - Stoke-on-Trent ...

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The percentage <strong>of</strong> adults (aged 16 and over) who had quit smoking at four weeks in NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent in 2011/<strong>2012</strong> was 50.1% (compared with 49.1% in England). This means that <strong>of</strong> the 6,477 local people who set a four week quit date, 3,248 had quit smoking at four weeks, which is the highest number <strong>of</strong> quitters in NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent since 2005/2006. It is also the first time that over 50% <strong>of</strong> local people who set a quit date had quit smoking at four weeks, and it is also the first time that the percentage <strong>of</strong> quitters in NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent is higher than the percentage in England. Smoking in the home Around 27% <strong>of</strong> young people in <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent are exposed to second hand smoke in their own homes, and nearly 50% in the car. Exposure to second hand smoke can lead to respiratory illness, glue ear and worsened asthma as well contributing to sleep disturbance and behavioural problems. Children living with a smoker are also three times more likely to take up smoking themselves. Therefore, while quitting smoking is always promoted as the 'gold standard', if parents and carers do not feel ready or able to quit, they are provided with information and support to make their homes smoke-free. Smoking and young people Around 8% <strong>of</strong> 11-16 year olds in <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent are ‘regular smokers’ compared with 5% nationally. Nearly 50% <strong>of</strong> young people have tried smoking, and the majority have done so before the age <strong>of</strong> 15. The younger the age <strong>of</strong> uptake <strong>of</strong> smoking, the greater the harm is likely to be because this is associated with subsequent heavier smoking, higher levels <strong>of</strong> dependency, a lower chance <strong>of</strong> quitting, and higher mortality. Child and adolescent smoking causes serious risks to respiratory health both in the short and long-term. Children who smoke are two to six times more susceptible to coughs and increased phlegm, wheeziness and shortness <strong>of</strong> breath than those who do not smoke 5 . In 2009, 16% <strong>of</strong> 11-16 year olds said they “didn’t remember” any lessons on smoking, drug use and alcohol in school. Since then two Drug, Alcohol and Tobacco Advisors have been in place to develop up-to-date, effective educational materials and training to support schools to deliver tobacco prevention systematically across the curriculum. In addition to this, an evidence-based peer-support programme has been commissioned which has been shown to reduce significantly the rate <strong>of</strong> smoking amongst young people. Smoking during pregnancy Smoking during pregnancy harms an unborn baby and will <strong>of</strong>ten result in both short and long-term health problems for children. Smoking during pregnancy increases the risks <strong>of</strong> miscarriage, the baby being stillborn, having a low birth weight, being at increased risk <strong>of</strong> cot death and having an increased risk <strong>of</strong> respiratory Smoking during pregnancy harms an unborn baby disease. Smoking during pregnancy is also a major contributor to higher infant mortality rates among families from routine and manual socioeconomic groups. Encouraging expectant mothers (and fathers) to stop smoking around the time <strong>of</strong> conception, during and after pregnancy, remains a top public health priority. 28 | P a g e
The percentage <strong>of</strong> women smoking during pregnancy in NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent in 2011/<strong>2012</strong> was 20.9% (compared with 13.2% in England). This means that <strong>of</strong> the 3,810 local women who were pregnant (in 2011/<strong>2012</strong>), 797 smoked during pregnancy. Whilst the number <strong>of</strong> women smoking in pregnancy is high, there has been a fall in the percentage <strong>of</strong> women smoking during pregnancy in NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent from 23.1% in 2008/2009 to its present level, which has seen a reduction in the gap between NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent and England. However, our conclusion is that there is no clear trend in the gap. During 2011/12, 64 women who smoked during pregnancy accessed the NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on- Trent Stop Smoking Service and quit smoking at four weeks. Despite better engagement with midwives and a change in the way services are commissioned and delivered there has been little change in the number <strong>of</strong> pregnant women quitting smoking at four weeks through the Service over the last six years. It is recognised that the wider context needs to be considered if smoking in pregnancy is to be tackled successfully. Therefore, the following actions will be key priorities for next year: review the care pathway starting with pre-natal support, right through to postnatal and beyond increasing referrals from front line staff into the Service, which is improving since the introduction <strong>of</strong> an ‘opt out’ scheme gathering insight from key stakeholders, clients and the general public to inform future development <strong>of</strong> stop smoking services a review <strong>of</strong> the way stop smoking services are commissioned expanding the smoke-free homes project which, although in pilot stage, has promising early findings Breastfeeding Breastfeeding provides the very best and most appropriate nutrition for babies, and has been shown to have a range <strong>of</strong> health and social benefits. These include helping to protect babies against infection, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, allergies and obesity. Not only is breastfeeding more convenient than bottle feeding, but it is also free, resulting in large financial savings for families. Similarly, as breastfed babies are less likely to be admitted to hospital for certain conditions, there are also large potential savings for the NHS. Breastfeeding has been shown to have a range <strong>of</strong> health and social benefits In NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent, the percentage <strong>of</strong> mothers who started breastfeeding their babies after birth (in the first 48 hours) was 61.7% in 2011/<strong>2012</strong> (compared with 74.0% in England). This is the highest percentage <strong>of</strong> babies being breastfed at birth locally since 2004/2005, when only 44.0% were breastfed. This increase locally has seen a reduction in the gap between NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent and England. Another indicator which is used to monitor breastfeeding is the percentage <strong>of</strong> babies who are breastfed at 6 to 8 weeks after birth. In NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent, 30.6% <strong>of</strong> babies were breastfed at 6 to 8 weeks in 2011/<strong>2012</strong> (compared with 47.0% in England). Whilst this local figure remains below that <strong>of</strong> England, the percentage <strong>of</strong> babies breastfed at 6 to 8 weeks in NHS <strong>Stoke</strong>-on-Trent has increased from 26.1% in 2008/2009 to its present level. 29 | P a g e
Page 1 and 2: Living Well, Staying Well: Long-Ter
Page 3 and 4: 2012 Introduction
Page 5 and 6: Introduction Last year’s annual r
Page 7 and 8: 5 | P a g e
Page 9 and 10: Fair Society, Health</stron
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Page 13 and 14: Years of life The
Page 15 and 16: Years of life Figu
Page 17 and 18: Map 2 Mortality rates from all caus
Page 19 and 20: Map 4 Mortality rates from cancer (
Page 21 and 22: Map 6 Mortality rates from circulat
Page 23 and 24: Map 8 Mortality rates from all resp
Page 25 and 26: Mortality rate per 1,000 live birth
Page 27 and 28: Table 2 Rankings of</strong
Page 29: The lifestyles of
Page 33 and 34: Access to treatment has improved si
Page 35 and 36: Health and lifesty
Page 37 and 38: Ten Things You Need To Know About L
Page 39 and 40: Currently, three out of</st
Page 41 and 42: Concerns about stigma that surround
Page 43 and 44: Number Living with Long-term Condit
Page 45 and 46: Map 10 Percentage of</stron
Page 47 and 48: Box 4: People with multimorbidity w
Page 49 and 50: Evidence based approach to managing
Page 51 and 52: This is clearly illustrated in figu
Page 53 and 54: EVIDENCE: Risk stratification Risk
Page 55 and 56: Figure 15 Long-term conditions mode
Page 59 and 60: Figure 16 shows that a child born w
Page 61 and 62: Long-term conditions chapter LTCs a
Page 63 and 64: Progress of recomm
Page 65 and 66: Fair Society, Health</stron
Page 67 and 68: Appendix 2 Mortality and hospital a
Page 73 and 74: Appendix 5 ward Mortality and hospi
Page 75 and 76: Appendix 6 Rankings of</str
Page 77 and 78: Appendix 7 Rankings of</str
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15 Department of <
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Here are 5 evidence based ways to h
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