CIB W116âSmart and Sustainable Built Environments - Test Input

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2.3.1 Results for core materials As a result of the study, six different types of core materials and nine manufacturers were determined in the Marmara Region of Turkey (Table 1). C7 and C8 are manufactured out of region. Therefore, they couldn’t covered by the scope of the study. The survey was completed only by two manufacturers of two core materials. Table 1: List of core materials and inventory analysis results Codes Core materials Manufacturers Missing data C1 Horizontal perforated clay bricks A C2 Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) B 1 , B 2 E / N C3 Concrete masonry unit (CMU) C C4 AAC panel wall B 1 C5 Cement based panel wall E 1 , E 2 , C C6 Light gauge steel frame D 1 , D 2 , D 3 C7 Wood frame N/A C8 Pumice block N/A Table 1 indicates that, inventory information was completely achieved for C1 only. On the contrary, energy consumed by raw material acquisition is not known for C2; thereby embodied energy data is missed. Additionally, manufacturer of C2 didn’t provide any information regarding the types and amounts of depleted natural resources. 2.3.2 Results for waterproofing materials Among seven types of waterproofing materials and seventeen manufacturers listed on Table 2, appointments could only be made with three manufacturers of three waterproofing materials. Table 2: List of waterproofing materials and inventory analysis results Codes Waterproofing materials Manufacturers Missing data W1 APP modified bituminous membrane F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 , F 5 R / N W2 Polysulfide based liquid G 1 , G 2, G 3, G 4 R / E / N W3 Solvent based silicon reinforced liquid H 1 , G 1 , G 2 E / N W4 Solvent based bituminous liquid I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , F 3 W5 Polymer reinforced bituminous membrane J W6 High density polypropylene membrane (HDPP) K 1 ,K 2 , K 3 W7 Oxidized bituminous membrane N/A 197
Table 2 shows that, quantity of raw material is not provided by manufacturers for the survey of W1 and W2. Besides, raw materials used by W2 and W3 are imported from abroad. Liquid waterproofing materials have only mixing process, while manufacturing in local facilities. Thus, energy consumed by raw material acquisition and preparation couldn’t be obtained by manufacturers of W2 and W3. Additionally, information about quantities of natural resource depletions was not supplied by all participant manufacturers. 2.3.3 Results for thermal insulation materials Table 3 shows that, among the all types of material manufacturers in Marmara Region of Turkey, thermal insulation material manufacturers provided the least information. Only six manufacturers were determined for five thermal insulation materials. Only one manufacturer participated to the survey. Therefore, EPS is the only material that represents thermal insulation materials. Table 3: List of thermal insulation materials and inventory analysis results Codes Thermal insulation materials Manufacturers Missing data T1 Expanded polystyrene (EPS) L, M 3 R / E / N T2 Extruded polystyrene (XPS) M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , F 5 T3 Glass wool M 1 T4 Mineral wool M 1 T5 Polyurethane foam N According to results of Table 3, T1 has deficient information for its further evaluations on survey. For instance, amount of raw materials, amount of natural resources and type of natural resources used in a unit of product were not informed by the manufacturer of T1. Due to lack of technological potential of chemical industry in Turkey, raw materials for stren based thermal insulation, such as EPS imported from abroad. Manufacturer of T1 does not know well about environmental impacts of processes for acquiring and preparing the raw materials. Therefore, they cannot provide information about embodied energy of T1. In order to solve this problem in another way, LCA survey was sent to foreign supplier to gather more information; however they refused to fill out the survey. 2.3.4 Results of cladding materials According to list of cladding materials used on external wall systems in Istanbul, thirteen different types of cladding materials and fifteen regional manufacturers were determined. At the end of the study, nine manufacturers for ten cladding materials were accepted to join to survey. 198
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Proceedings W116 - Special Track 18
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            W116 ‐
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Inhibitors Influencing the Ad
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1. Methodology This paper proposes
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Figure 1: Brazilian Bioclimatic Zon
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4.2 Guidelines constructive from NB
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5. Case study 5.1 Sustainable strat
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Mahoney’s tables. This factor is
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this matter, and opts for construct
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Climate Change Related Environmenta
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2. Construction industry in the ASE
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eduction targets under the Kyoto Pr
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causing the governments to take on
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Availability of specific administra
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5. National and regional initiative
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The same Article provides further t
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Bisseck P (2003), “FEDEC: An Envi
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Evaluating Approaches for a Sustain
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material extraction in EU-27 in 200
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indications of the water and energy
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Union and other countries worldwide
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3.3.1 Actions and approaches in the
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uilding materials. Main criteria ar
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Bleischwitz R, Jacob K, Bahn-Walkow
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Oostra M.A.R., H.J Hermeler & L.H v
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Appendix Table 1 Governements, orga
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Table 3 Directions for solutions me
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1. Introduction The need to preserv
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In 1998 the Federal Government laun
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epairing; installation of water sav
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Table 1: Intervention plan for a fu
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climate, environmental quality of m
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commissioning of the water systems
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Education Challenges for Sustainabl
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2. Approach A generic green buildin
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Construction • Hold pre-construct
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3. Analysis of the current teaching
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tradition, however, project-based l
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with full, real-case sustainable de
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The Brazilian Agenda for Sustainabl
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The PNCDA developed some Technical
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The activities made for the develop
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Table 1: Guidelines for a regional
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Ilha M S O, Oliveira L H, Gonçalve
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1. Introduction Sustainable design
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(3) Energy efficiency: Energy effic
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Figure 2: Simplified Feng Shui Mode
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Figure 5: Location of Workplace6 (S
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Figure 9: View of Central Atrium (S
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attributes, such as, light, thermal
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McLennan, J.F. (2004) The Philosoph
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1. Introduction The term “green
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Udechukwu and Johnson (2008) descri
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Household lighting alone will thus
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4. Research method In adopting a su
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Archiving/Storage facilities 0.699
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therefore be encouraged to use inve
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Managing Quality and Environmental
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development of a computer-based sys
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4. The action research case study A
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* * NCP_NC 1..* * 0..1 BusinessPart
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Figure 3 shows one of the forms for
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Dubinski J. Gruszka E. and Krodkiew
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Smith M. and Smith D. (2007), Imple
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1. Introduction In this article a m
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county function of the value of the
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• Difficulty in generalizing resu
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Dalkey, N. C. (1969). Memorandum RM
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1. Introduction: Drivers and invest
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that set out housing development in
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would consist of zilch underdevelop
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of this statement was to enable pla
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government intention for such devel
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Barker K (2004) Review of Housing S
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Planning Policy Guidance Note 3: Ho
Page 151 and 152: 1. Introduction 1.1 Background to t
Page 153 and 154: Table 1: Contrasts between the conc
Page 155 and 156: their contribution Community empowe
Page 157 and 158: Literature review Carefully map the
Page 159 and 160: Facilities Management (FM) New FM a
Page 161 and 162: Pearce, J. (2003) Social Enterprise
Page 163 and 164: 1. Introduction According to Edward
Page 165 and 166: Figure 1: Three Perspectives on sus
Page 167 and 168: Instead, their main concern is mere
Page 169 and 170: • Both cement stabilised products
Page 171 and 172: implementation of earth as an alter
Page 173 and 174: Smith, E. W. and Austin, G. S. (198
Page 175 and 176: 1. Introduction According to Morton
Page 177 and 178: 13. Earth buildings provide better
Page 179 and 180: Figure 1: Inhibitors of earth const
Page 181 and 182: 4. Inhibitors influencing the adopt
Page 183 and 184: Blondet, M. and Aguilar, R. (2007).
Page 185 and 186: Mubaiwa, A. (2002). Earth as an alt
Page 187 and 188: 1. Introduction Concrete is a compo
Page 189 and 190: Figure 1 Carbon flows through cemen
Page 191 and 192: with 25% replacement obtained pract
Page 193 and 194: 0.6mm in diameter after crushed. In
Page 195 and 196: concrete and the impurities present
Page 197 and 198: Tawfik M E and Eskander S B. (2006)
Page 199 and 200: 1. Introduction After Industrial Re
Page 201: 2.2 Goal and scope Acquiring from e
Page 205 and 206: national environmental agencies hav
Page 207 and 208: claddings and especially waterproof
Page 209 and 210: Acknowledgement The authors gratefu
Page 211 and 212: 1. Introduction 1.1 Urban constrain
Page 213 and 214: countries (Cole and Larsson, 2002);
Page 215 and 216: emissions environment Solid waste R
Page 217 and 218: The systems approach is similar, al
Page 219 and 220: alternative means of transportation
Page 221 and 222: Flexibility SU3 Adaptability SU4 SU
Page 223 and 224: References Richard Rogers and Phili
Page 225 and 226: 1. Introduction During the last few
Page 227 and 228: Regardless of its popularity, emerg
Page 229 and 230: emoans the fact that of the plethor
Page 231 and 232: 3.3.2 Buildings Zimmermann et al. (
Page 233 and 234: 3.3.5 Energy generation and transmi
Page 235 and 236: Kennedy, C., Bristow, D. et al., 20
Page 237 and 238: Linking Energy and Maintenance Mana
Page 239 and 240: Building Energy Performance Needed
Page 241 and 242: 2.1 2.1 Case study #1, District Lev
Page 243 and 244: UCSF Facilities Management Group. T
Page 245 and 246: 2.3 Case study #3, Central Plant BA
Page 247 and 248: 2.3.4 Lessons learned The following
Page 249 and 250: • Return on investment (ROI) •
Page 251 and 252: Ring, P. (2006). The Application of
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1. Introduction “Physical archite
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independent living and help to crea
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our ways of living creating the sen
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An issue to consider is that Ambien
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sensorial diseases / impairments is
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Eurostat (2007) Population and soci
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1. Introduction Information regardi
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economic opportunities on the other
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accommodate a total population esti
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• population and structure owners
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3.3.4 Discussion of Results Documen
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4.1 Using the results for decision
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4.2 Enhancing participation using G
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4. Conclusion The potential uses of
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Schlossberg, M. and Shuford, E. (20
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1. Introduction The purpose of this
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and evaluation of the surrounding u
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• the use of multiple methods and
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complex, with the creation of a bio
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Thus, made these considerations of
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A Life-Cycle Approach to Reducing R
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“4. Accept the responsibility for
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The following analysis describes th
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words, using existing building mate
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90% by using recovered materials. O
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Assigning direct costs to selected
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Napier, Thomas R., D. McKay, and N.
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“Black Box Opener” Tool to Asse
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2.1 The main characteristics of ind
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design in the use of resources, imp
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Shen et al (2004) developed a descr
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initial data collection is carried
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Gavilan R M and Bernold L E (1994)
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International Council for Research
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CIB General Secretariat post box 18
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