BIBLIOGRAPHY Rosenhaft, Eve. Beating the Fascists The German Communists and Political Violence 1929-1933. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Rosenstone, Robert A. Crusade of the Left; The Lincoln Battalion in the Spanish Civil War. New York: Pegasus, 1969. Samuel, Raphael and Gareth Stedman Jones. Culture, Ideology, and Politics: Essays for Eric Hobsbawm. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982. Sassoon, Donald. One Hundred Years of Socialism: The West European Left in the Twentieth Century. London: I.B. Tauris Publishers, 1996. Savage, Michael, and Andrew Miles. The Remaking Of the British Working Class, 1840-1940. London: Routledge, 1994. Sayers, Michael, and Albert E. Kahn. The Great Conspiracy; The Secret War <strong>Against</strong> Soviet Russia. Boston: Little, Brown And Company, 1946. Schäffner, Christina, and Anita Wenden. Language and Peace. Brookfield: Dartmouth, 1995. Schoenbaum, David. Hitler's Social Revolution; Class and Status in Nazi Germany, 1933-1939. Garden City: Doubleday, 1966. Schrecker, Ellen. Cold War Triumphalism: The Misuse of History after the Fall of Communism. New York: New Press, 2004. Schwarzmantel, John. "Nation Versus Class: Nationalism and Socialism in Theory and Practice." in The Social Origins of Nationalist Movements: The Contemporary West European Experience, ed. John Coakley. London: Sage Publications, 1992, 47-48. Shachtman, Max. "Radicalism in the Thirties: The Trotskyist View." in As We Saw the Thirties: Essays on Social and Political Movements of a Decade, ed. Rita James Simon. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1967, 8-45. Shlapentokh, Vladimir. A Normal Totalitarian Society: How the Soviet Union Functioned and How it Collapsed. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 2001. Shore, Cris. Italian Communism: The Escape from Leninism. London: Pluto, 1990. Smith, David. Left and Right in Twentieth Century Europe. Harlow: Longman, 1970. Solomon, Mark I. The Cry Was Unity: Communists and African Americans, 1917-36. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1998. Spriano, Paolo. Stalin and the European Communists. London: Verso, 1985. Springhall, James. <strong>Youth</strong>, Empire and Society: British <strong>Youth</strong> Movements 1883-1940. London: Croom Helm, 1977. Stansky, Peter. Journey to the Frontier; Two Roads to the Spanish Civil War. New York: W.W. Norton, 1970. Stansky, Peter. The Left and War; The British Labour Party and World War I. New York: Oxford University Press, 1969. Steinberg, Peter L. The Great "Red Menace: " United States Prosecution of American Communists, 1947-1952. West port: Greenwood Press, 1984. Stern, Geoffrey. Atlas of Communism. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1991. Susser, Leslie D. "Fascist and Anti-Fascist Attitudes in Britain Between The Wars." Unpublished DPhil Dissertation: University of Oxford, 1988. Sutton, Antony. Wall Street and the Rise of Hitler. Cutchogue: Buccaneer Books, 1976. Swing, Raymond. Forerunners of American <strong>Fascism</strong>. New York: Julian Messner Inc., 1935. Sworakowski, Witold S. "The Communist <strong>Youth</strong> International," in World Communism: A Handbook 1918-1965. ed. Witold S. Sworakowski. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1973, 92-94. Thomas, Norman. "The Thirties in America as a Socialist Recalls Them." in As We Saw the Thirties: Essays on Social and Political Movements of a Decade, ed. Rita James Simon. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1967, 102-122. Thompson, Willie. The Communist Movement Since 1945. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1998. Thompson, Willie. The Good Old Cause: British Communism 1920-1991. London: Pluto Press, 1992. Thompson, Willie. The Left in History: Revolution and Reform in Twentieth-Century Politics. London: Pluto Press, 1997. Thorpe, Andrew. The British Communist Party and Moscow, 1920-43. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000. Thurlow, Richard. <strong>Fascism</strong> in Modern Britain. Gloucestershire: Sutton, 2000. 209
YOUTH AGAINST FASCISM Todd, Nigel. In Excited Times: The People <strong>Against</strong> the Blackshirts. Newcastle Upon Tyne: Tyne & Wear Anti-Fascist Association, 1995. Waite, Michael. "Young People and Communist Politics in Britain 1920-1991: Aspects of the History of the Young Communist League." Unpublished MPhil Thesis: University of Lancaster, 1992. Wallace, Max. The American Axis: Henry Ford, Charles Lindbergh, and the Rise of the Third Reich. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2003. Wechler, James. Revolt on the Campus. New York: Covici and Friede, 1935. Weitz, Eric D. Popular Communism: Political Strategies and Social Histories in the Formation of the German, French, and Italian Communist Parties, 1919-1948. Ithaca: Institute for European Studies, Cornell University, 1992. Weitz, Eric. Creating German Communism, 1890-1990: From Popular Protests to Socialist State. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997. Whetten, Lawrence L. Current Research in Comparative Communism: An Analysis and Bibliographic Guide to the Soviet System. New York: Praeger, 1976. Wichert, Sabine. "The Enigma of <strong>Fascism</strong>: The British Left on National Socialism." in Essays Presented To Michael Roberts: Sometime Professor Of Modern History In The Queen's University Of Belfast ed. John Bossy and Peter Jupp. Belfast: Blackstaff Press, 1976, 146-158. Wiskemann, Elizabeth. Europe of the Dictators, 1919-1945.New York: Harper & Row, 1966. Woodhouse, Michael and Brian Pearce, ed. Essays on the History of Communism in Britain. London: New Park Publications, 1975. Worley, Matthew. Class <strong>Against</strong> Class: The Communist Party in Britain Between the Wars. London: I.B. Tauras, 2002. Young, John Wesley. Totalitarian Language: Orwell's Newspeak and its Nazi and Communist Antecedents. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1991. 210
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This book is dedicated to the memor
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Hulett, Fatima Uygun, Janey Buchan,
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INTRODUCTION: COMMUNIST HISTORIOGRA
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COMMUNIST HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE YO
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COMMUNIST HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE YO
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COMMUNIST HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE YO
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COMMUNIST HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE YO
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THE LENINIST GENERATION youth could
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THE LENINIST GENERATION By upholdin
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THE LENINIST GENERATION especially
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THE LENINIST GENERATION young, who
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THE LENINIST GENERATION in the happ
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THE LENINIST GENERATION warnings, i
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THE LENINIST GENERATION organizatio
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THE LENINIST GENERATION such relati
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THE LENINIST GENERATION critiquing
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THE LENINIST GENERATION Although th
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THE LENINIST GENERATION radicalism,
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THE LENINIST GENERATION The communi
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THE LENINIST GENERATION first publi
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2 YOUTH AGAINST FASCISM: THE CONSTR
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION counte
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION Comint
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION energy
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION this w
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION of the
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION erful
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION YCL me
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION The gr
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION First
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THE POPULAR FRONT GENERATION In con
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NATIONALISM put them to the test in
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NATIONALISM men, women or child mer
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NATIONALISM The second type of issu
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NATIONALISM with chauvinism.... Com
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NATIONALISM Parliament. Youth force
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NATIONALISM Political liberty is es
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NATIONALISM Civil War, whose result
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NATIONALISM constitution stated, "T
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NATIONALISM The YCLUSA could not ut
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4 UNITY OF YOUTH: FROM SECTARIANISM
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UNITY OF YOUTH countries." 12 The Y
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UNITY OF YOUTH While fascism framed
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UNITY OF YOUTH In stark contrast to
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UNITY OF YOUTH Though the YCL propa
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UNITY OF YOUTH At the earliest poss
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UNITY OF YOUTH The Leninist YCL den
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UNITY OF YOUTH strating that if "ou
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UNITY OF YOUTH nists made for a uni
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UNITY OF YOUTH Circle League insist
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UNITY OF YOUTH ated the themes of y
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5 DEMOCRACY: FROM DENUNCIATION TO D
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DEMOCRACY Young communists did not
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DEMOCRACY of freedom, the slogan of
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DEMOCRACY racy. YWL rhetoric dismis
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DEMOCRACY lenge offered such a foru
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DEMOCRACY Army men have a share in
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DEMOCRACY the imperialist role of B
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DEMOCRACY Road to Victory: Marching
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DEMOCRACY Popular Front strategies
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DEMOCRACY by fighting "to defend an
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DEMOCRACY Another component of the
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DEMOCRACY The Leninist Generation e
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DEMOCRACY published a songbook enti
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DEMOCRACY statements like, "We spea
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DEMOCRACY aggression against democr
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DEMOCRACY tional Brigades, who were
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THE YOUTH STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR to u
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THE YOUTH STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR the
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THE YOUTH STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR Brow
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THE YOUTH STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR not
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THE YOUTH STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR This
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THE YOUTH STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR of t
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APPENDIX Nazi NCYCLGB NCYCLUSA NSL
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APPENDIX Illustration 3 (Page 49).
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APPENDIX Illustration 8 (Page 71).
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APPENDIX Illustration 12 (Page 120)
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NOTES reductionist in its methodolo
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NOTES political displacement by his
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NOTES scribe themselves and the per
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NOTES 44. "Minutes of the Second Co
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