Part 7 - UNC Herbarium

POACEAE 872
Dichanthelium commutatum (Schultes) Gould var. commutatum, Variable Witch Grass. Cp, Mt, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA):
low, shaded, moist woodlands and woodland edges, and dry, thin, often rocky woods and thickets; common. May-October. ME
south to FL, west to MI, MO, OK, and TX, also in Mexico. [< Panicum commutatum Schultes – RAB, C; > P. commutatum var.
commutatum – F, G; > P. commutatum – HC, S; > P. mutabile Scribner & Smith ex Nash – F, G, HC, S; > D. commutatum ssp.
commutatum Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; > D. commutatum ssp. equilaterale (Scribner) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; > D.
commutatum ssp. joori (Vasey) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; < D. commutatum – K; > P. joorii Vasey – HC, S; > P.
equilaterale Scribner – HC, S]
Dichanthelium consanguineum (Kunth) Gould & Clark, Kunth's Witch Grass. Cp, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA): moist or dry
sandy soils of pinelands; common in the Coastal Plain, uncommon in the Piedmont (VA Rare List). April-September.
Occasional from se. VA south to FL, west to TX and IN. Often not easily separated from D. angustifolium and D. ovale. It is
distinguished from D. angustifolium by spreading-hirsute nodes and leaves 10-15× as long as wide (D. angustifolium has
beardless nodes, or nodes bearded with erect-ascending soft hairs, and longer leaves 20× or more as long as wide). D.
consanguineum is distinguished from D. ovale by having strongly pilose upper blade surfaces (D. ovale upper blade surfaces are
glabrous or with a few long hairs basally). The hairs of D. consanguineum frequently are strongly papillate. [= FNA, K, Z; =
Panicum consanguineum Kunth – RAB, C, F, G, HC, S]
Dichanthelium depauperatum (Muhlenberg) Gould, Starved Witch Grass. Pd, Mt, Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA): dry soils of
grasslands and open woods, often on disturbed soils of roadsides and ditches; common (rare in Coastal Plain). May-September.
Newfoundland and MN south to GA and TX. [= FNA, K, Z; = Panicum depauperatum Muhlenberg – RAB, C, HC, S; > P.
depauperatum var. depauperatum – F, G; > P. depauperatum var. psilophyllum Fernald – F, G]
Dichanthelium dichotomum (Linnaeus) Gould var. dichotomum, Forked Witch Grass. Cp, Pd, Mt (GA, NC, SC, VA):
wet-mesic to dry woods, thickets, and woodland openings; common throughout. May-October. S. Canada and MI south to FL
and TX. Plants with bearded nodes and larger leaves are referable to Panicum dichotomum var. barbulatum (here included) but
intermediates abound. [= Q; < Panicum dichotomum Linnaeus – RAB, C, GW; > P. dichotomum var. dichotomum – F; P.
dichotomum var. barbulatum (Michaux) Wood – F; = D. dichotomum ssp. dichotomum – FNA; = P. dichotomum – G; > P.
dichotomum – HC, S; > P. barbulatum Michaux – HC, S; < D. dichotomum var. dichotomum – K, Z; = P. dichotomum var.
dichotomum – X]
Dichanthelium dichotomum (Linnaeus) Gould var. nitidum (Lamarck) LeBlond, Shining Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC,
VA), Pd (NC), Mt (SC, VA): moist sandy or peaty soil of wet pine savannas and pocosin ecotones, wet meadows near the coast,
swamps, and marshes; occasional to frequent in Coastal Plain, rare in Piedmont and Mountains. PA and NJ south to FL, west to
MO and TX; also the Bahamas (Sorrie & LeBlond 1997) and West Indies, and Mexico to Venezuela. [= Q; < Panicum
dichotomum Linnaeus – RAB, C, GW; = P. nitidum Lamarck – F, HC, S; = D. dichotomum ssp. nitidum (Lamarck) Freckmann
& Lelong – FNA; = P. nitidum var. nitidum – G; < D. dichotomum var. dichotomum – K, Z; = P. dichotomum var. nitidum
(Lamarck) Wood – X]
Dichanthelium dichotomum (Linnaeus) Gould var. ramulosum (Torrey) LeBlond, Branched Witch Grass. Cp, Pd, Mt
(GA, NC, SC, VA): floodplain forests, swamps, openings, and borders of streams and ponds, and occasionally in dry upland
woods; widespread. May-October. MA and MI south to FL and TX. [= Q; < Panicum dichotomum Linnaeus – RAB, C, GW; =
P. microcarpon Muhlenberg ex Elliott – F, HC, S; = D. dichotomum ssp. microcarpon (Muhlenberg ex Elliott) Freckmann &
Lelong – FNA; = P. nitidum Lamarck var. ramulosum Torrey – G; < D. dichotomum var. dichotomum – K, Z; = P. dichotomum
var. ramulosum (Torrey) Lelong – X]
Dichanthelium dichotomum (Linnaeus) Gould var. roanokense (Ashe) LeBlond, Roanoke Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC,
VA): wet pine savannas, swamp openings, and wet peaty meadows; uncommon (NC Watch List). May-September. DE south to
FL, west to e. TX; also in Jamaica. See note under D. caerulescens regarding FNA treatment. [= Q; < Panicum dichotomum
Linnaeus – RAB, C, GW; = P. roanokense Ashe – F, HC, S; < D. dichotomum ssp. roanokense (Ashe) Freckmann & Lelong –
FNA; < P. roanokense – G; < D. dichotomum var. dichotomum – K, Z; < P. dichotomum var. roanokense (Ashe) Lelong – X]
Dichanthelium ensifolium (Baldwin ex Elliott) Gould, Small-leaved Witch Grass. Cp, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA): wet to mesic
peaty, sandy, or mucky soils, often in open pinelands or with sphagnum; common in Coastal Plain, rare in Piedmont and
Mountains. May-October. NJ south to FL, west to e. TX and AR. Plants with pubescent spikelets are frequent. [= D. ensifolium
ssp. ensifolium – FNA; < Panicum ensifolium Baldwin ex Elliott – RAB, C, G, GW; = P. ensifolium – F; > P. ensifolium – HC,
S; > P. flavovirens Nash – HC, S; > P. vernale Hitchcock & Chase – HC, S; < D. dichotomum (Linnaeus) Gould var. ensifolium
(Baldwin ex Elliott) Gould & Clark – K, Z; < P. ensifolium var. ensifolium – X]
Dichanthelium erectifolium (Nash) Gould & Clark, Erect-leaved Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC): limesink ponds,
depression meadows, cypress savannas, pine savannas; rare (NC Watch List). May-August. Se. NC to FL, west to LA; Cuba. [=
FNA, K, Z; = Panicum erectifolium Nash – RAB, GW, HC, S]
Dichanthelium fusiforme (Hitchcock) Harvill, Spindle-fruited Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA): dry to moist sand of
open pine and pine/oak woods and clearings; rare (NC Significantly Rare, VA Watch List). May-November. Se. VA south to
FL, west to MS, also in West Indies, Mexico, Central America, and Venezuela; perhaps most abundant in FL. Autumnal blades
often flat. The autumnal form of D. oligosanthes var. oligosanthes can be very similar to D. fusiforme if the vernal blades of the
former are missing. They are best separated by ligule length (0.5-1 mm in fusiforme, 1.5-3 mm in oligosanthes) and the more
attenuated ends of the fusiforme spikelet. [= Panicum fusiforme Hitchcock – RAB, F, G, HC, S; < P. aciculare Desvaux ex Poiret
– C; = D. aciculare ssp. fusiforme (Hitchcock) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; < D. aciculare – K, Z]
Dichanthelium hirstii (Swallen) Kartesz, Hirsts' Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC): pond-cypress savannas and limesink
depressions; rare (US Candidate, NC Endangered). June-September. This distinctive species is known from only seven sites:
two in NC, one in DE, two in NJ (one not seen since 1992), and two historical populations in GA. Described in 1961 (Swallen
1961), it is treated by some taxonomists as part of the D. aciculare group and by others as part of the D. dichotomum group; its