Part 7 - UNC Herbarium

POACEAE 901
tipped spikelets only 1.8-2.2 mm long, culms to 6 dm long, and leaves 1-8 mm wide. In var. dichotomiflorum, the oblonglanceolate,
acuminate spikelets are (2.0-) 2.6-3.6 mm long, culms to 2 m long, and leaves 4-20 mm wide. Plants with geniculate
bases, enlarged lower nodes and sheaths, and panicles with included peduncles and divergent branches have been recognized as
var. geniculatum (A. Wood) Fernald. Plants with spikelets similar to those of var. puritanorum, but with culm and leaf features
of var. dichotomiflorum, have been recognized as var. imperiorum Fernald, and are known only from se. VA. Recognition of any
infraspecific taxa in this morphologically complex species is risky business. [= HC, K; < P. dichotomiflorum – RAB, C, GW, S,
Z; > P. dichotomiflorum var. dichotomiflorum – F, G, W; > P. dichotomiflorum var. geniculatum – F, G, W; > P.
dichotomiflorum var. imperiorum – F; Panicum s.s.]
Panicum flexile (Gattinger) Scribner, Wiry Panic Grass. Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA), Mt (GA, NC,VA): glades and openings
over mafic rocks, damp sandy meadows, open woods; rare (NC Rare). July-October. NY, sw. Québec, S. Ontario, and ND south
to FL and TX. First reported for SC by Nelson & Kelly (1997). [= RAB, C, F, FNA, G, HC, K, S, W, Y, Z; Panicum s.s.]
Panicum gattingeri Nash, Gattinger's Panic Grass. Mt, Pd (NC, VA), {GA}: damp or dry, usually calcareous sandy soils
of fields, roadsides, shores, and cultivated ground; frequent in Mountains, uncommon in Piedmont (VA Watch List). August-
October. NY, sw. Québec, and MN south to NC, TN, GA, AL, and AR. [= RAB, F, HC, K, S; < P. capillare – C, Y; = P.
philadelphicum Bernhardi ex Trinius ssp. gattingeri (Nash) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; = P. capillare Linnaeus var. campestre
Gattinger – G, W; Panicum s.s.]
Panicum hemitomon J.A. Schultes, Maidencane. Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA), Mt (VA): lake, pond, and river shores, swamp
borders, marshes, ditches, often in shallow water; common (VA Rare). June-July. Coastal Plain from s. NJ south to FL, west to
TX; also TN; South America. Often forming dense colonies in the low margin and shallow waters of limesink ponds. [= RAB,
C, F, FNA, G, GW, HC, K, S, W, Z; not Panicum]
Panicum lithophilum Swallen, Flatrock Panic Grass. Pd (GA, NC, SC), Mt (NC): soil islands on granitic flatrocks and
domes; rare (NC Rare). August-October. Restricted to granite outcrops in NC, SC, and ec. GA. There is some question about
the distinctness of this taxon from P. philadelphicum; Zuloaga & Morrone (1996) did not consider it separable from P.
philadelphicum. [= RAB, HC, K; = P. philadelphicum Bernhardi ex Trinius ssp. lithophilum (Swallen) Freckmann & Lelong –
FNA; < P. capillare Linnaeus var. sylvaticum Torrey – W; < P. philadelphicum – Y; Panicum s.s.]
Panicum longifolium Torrey var. combsii (Scribner & Ball) Fernald, Combs Panic Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA): pond
shores, depression meadows, cypress savannas, marshes, low woods; uncommon (VA Watch List). July-October. Scattered on
the outer Coastal Plain from se. MA, NJ, se. VA, se. NC, e. SC, e. GA, and FL, west to se. LA. First glumes of var. combsii
typically are longer than 1.5 mm long, while those of var. longifolium are shorter than 1.5 mm long. [= RAB, F, G; = P.
rigidulum Bosc ex Nees ssp. combsii (Scribner & Ball) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; = P. rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var. combsii
(Scribner & Ball) Lelong – K, Z; < P. longifolium – C; = P. combsii Scribner & Ball – HC, S; not Panicum]
Panicum longifolium Torrey var. longifolium, Long-leaved Panic Grass. Cp, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA), Mt (NC, SC, VA):
wet sandy or peaty soils of bogs, savannas, pond shores, depression meadows; common (uncommon in Piedmont, rare in
Mountains). July-October. Nova Scotia, NH, MA, PA, and IN south to FL, west to TX. See note under var. combsii. [= RAB,
G; = P. rigidulum Bosc ex Nees ssp. pubescens (Vasey) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; = P. rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var.
pubescens (Vasey) Lelong – K, W, Z; < P. longifolium – C, GW; = P. longifolium – HC, S; > P. longifolium var. longifolium –
F; > P. longifolium var. pubescens (Vasey) Fernald – F; not Panicum]
* Panicum miliaceum Linnaeus ssp. miliaceum, Broomcorn Millet, Proso Millet, Hog Millet. Cp (NC), Mt (VA): planted in
wildlife food plots, sometimes persistent or self-sowing; rare, introduced, native of Eurasia. July-October. [= C, FNA, K; < P.
miliaceum – F, G, HC, S, Y; Panicum s.s.]
Panicum philadelphicum Bernhardi ex Trinius, Woodland Panic Grass. Pd, Mt (GA, NC, SC, VA), Cp (VA): glades,
barrens, desiccated pondshores, riversides, or other rocky or dry sandy soil of open woods and roadsides; frequent (rare in SC).
Nova Scotia west to WI, south to GA and e. TX. Plants formerly known as P. tuckermanii Fernald, ranging from se. Canada
south to n. VA and OH, are distinguished by included or short-exerted peduncles less than one-third as long as the panicles. [=
RAB, C, G, K, S; > P. philadelphicum – F, HC; > P. tuckermanii Fernald – F, HC; = P. philadelphicum Bernhardi ex Trinius
ssp. philadelphicum – FNA; < P. capillare Linnaeus var. sylvaticum Torrey – W; < P. philadelphicum – Y (also see P.
lithophilum); Panicum s.s.]
*? Panicum repens Linnaeus, Torpedo Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC): disturbed coastal sands, in area where ship's ballast was
deposited; rare, apparently introduced. First reported for NC by Leonard (1971b). [= FNA, GW, HC, K, S; Panicum s.s.]
Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var. condensum (Nash) Mohlenbrock, Dense Panic Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA):
marshes, meadows, low woods, ditches, stream and pond shores, freshwater tidal shores; occasional. September-October.
Coastal Plain south from se. MA to FL, west to se. TX and AR; West Indies. Usually readily identified by its tall stature and
compact inflorescence, somewhat resembling a large P. hemitomon, with which it occasionally occurs. [= P. agrostoides
Sprengel var. condensum (Nash) Fernald – RAB, F; < P. rigidulum – C, GW; < P. rigidulum Bosc ex Nees ssp. rigidulum –
FNA; < P. agrostoides – G; = P. condensum Nash - HC, S; < P. rigidulum var. rigidulum – K, Z; not Panicum]
Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var. elongatum (Pursh) Lelong, Tall Flat Panic Grass. Pd, Cp, Mt (GA, NC, SC, VA):
marshes, low woods, ditches, swamps, shores, meadows; occasional (common in Piedmont). August-October. CT and NY west
to IN, south to GA, LA, and ne. TX. [= K, W, Z; = P. stipitatum Nash – RAB, F, HC, S; = P. rigidulum Bosc ex Nees ssp.
elongatum (Pursh) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; < P. rigidulum – C, GW; = P. agrostoides Sprengel var. elongatum (Pursh)
Scribner – G; not Panicum]
Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var. rigidulum, Redtop Panic Grass. Cp, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA): wet sandy or peaty
soils low woods, meadows, marshes, shores, swamps, ditches; frequent. July-October. ME and MI south to FL and TX; also in
CA and British Columbia; Central America. [= W; = P. agrostoides Sprengel var. agrostoides – RAB, G; < P. rigidulum Bosc