Part 7 - UNC Herbarium

POACEAE 874
F, G, HC; > P. villosissimum var. pseudopubescens (Nash) Fernald – F, G; = D. ovale ssp. pseudopubescens (Nash) Freckmann
& Lelong – FNA; > P. commonsianum – HC, S; P. pseudopubescens Nash – HC, S; P. addisonii Nash – HC, S; P.
wilmingtonense Ashe – HC, S; = P. ovale Elliott var. pseudopubescens (Nash) Lelong – X]
Dichanthelium ovale (Elliott) Gould & Clark var. ovale, Oval-flowered Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA): dry to damp
sandy pinelands; rare (NC Watch List, VA Rare List). May-October. NY to WI, south to FL and e. TX. Infrequent over most of
its range except FL. In our region, the D. ovale double ligule character is more evident in var. ovale, with var. addisonii often
having only a single ligule about 1 mm long. Also see note under D. consanguineum, and note at end of descriptions regarding
Panicum malacon (placed in synonymy here). [= K, Z; = Panicum ovale Elliott – RAB, X; = D. ovale ssp. ovale – FNA; > P.
ovale – HC, S; > P. malacon Nash – HC, S; = P. ovale var. ovale – X]
Dichanthelium polyanthes (Schultes) Mohlenbrock, Small-fruited Witch Grass. Pd, Mt, Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA): damp to
dry soil of open woods and ditches; common (absent from the outer Coastal Plain south of the Neuse River). June-October. VA
to s. IL, south to GA and e. TX. [= FNA; = Panicum polyanthes Schultes – RAB, C, F, G, GW, HC, S; = D. sphaerocarpon
(Elliott) Gould var. isophyllum (Scribner) Gould & Clark – K, Z]
Dichanthelium portoricense (Desvaux ex Hamilton) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin, Puerto Rican Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC,
SC): moist pine savannas and flatwoods; frequent in North Carolina, uncommon in South Carolina. May-September. NC south
to FL, west to TX, also in West Indies. [= Panicum portoricense Desvaux ex Hamilton – RAB, HC, S; = D. portoricense ssp.
portoricense – FNA; < D. sabulorum (Lamarck) Gould & Clark var. thinium (Hitchcock & Chase) Gould & Clark – K, Z; = P.
portoricense var. portoricense – X]
Dichanthelium ravenelii (Scribner & Merrill) Gould, Ravenel's Witch Grass. Cp, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA): dry sandy or
rocky thin woods and openings, sometimes in moist soils; common (VA Watch List). May-October. DE south to FL, west to e.
TX, north to IA. [= FNA, K, Z; = Panicum ravenelii Scribner & Merrill – RAB, C, F, G, HC, S]
Dichanthelium scabriusculum (Elliott) Gould & Clark, Tall Swamp Witch Grass. Cp, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA): moist, low,
open or shaded woodlands, often along streams or ditches; common in Coastal Plain, uncommon in Piedmont (VA Watch List).
May-October. Se. MA south to FL, west to e. TX and AR. [< Panicum scabriusculum – RAB, C, GW; > P. scabriusculum – F,
HC, S; > P. aculeatum Hitchcock & Chase – F, G, HC, S; < D. scabriusculum – FNA, K, Z; > P. scabriusculum var.
scabriusculum – G]
Dichanthelium scoparium (Lamarck) Gould, Velvet Witch Grass. Cp, Pd, Mt (GA, NC, SC, VA): moist sandy soil of
woodland openings and ditches; common (uncommon in Mountains). May-October. MA and MI south to FL and TX, also in
Mexico and West Indies. The dense, velvety pubescence of the internodes, sheaths, and blades of this taxon, combined with the
viscid band below the nodes, are diagnostic. [= FNA, K, Z; = Panicum scoparium Lamarck – RAB, C, F, G, GW, HC, S]
Dichanthelium species 2 (=webberianum), Webber's Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC, SC): moist pine savannas and flatwoods;
uncommon. May-August. Disjunct in se. NC and SC from GA and FL. [= Panicum webberianum Nash – RAB, HC, S; < D.
portoricense (Desvaux ex Hamilton) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin ssp. patulum (Scribner & Merrill) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA;
< D. sabulorum (Lamarck) Gould & Clark var. patulum (Scribner & Merrill) Gould & Clark – K, Z; < P. portoricense Desvaux
ex Hamilton var. nashianum (Scribner) Lelong – X]
Dichanthelium species 3 (=lancearium), Nash's Witch Grass. Cp, Pd (GA, NC, SC, VA): moist pine savannas and
flatwoods, moist to dry openings in maritime forests, dry pine and oak sandhills; common in Coastal Plain, uncommon in
Piedmont (VA Watch List). May-September. Se. VA to FL, west to e. TX, also in West Indies and Central America. This and
D. portoricense appear to intergrade in our region, and =lancearium is treated as part of D. portoricense ssp. patulum in FNA,
whose concept of ssp. patulum includes Panicum webberianum (D. species 2 here) and P. patentifolium, both of which appear to
merit recognition (=webberianum as a species and =patentifolium as at least a variety). [= Panicum lancearium Trinius – RAB,
C, G; > P. lancearium var. lancearium – F; > P. lancearium var. patulum (Scribner & Merrill) Fernald – F; < D. portoricense
(Desvaux ex Hamilton) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin ssp. patulum (Scribner & Merrill) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; > P.
lancearium – HC, S; > P. patulum (Scribner & Merrill) Hitchcock – HC, S; < D. sabulorum (Lamarck) Gould & Clark var.
patulum (Scribner & Merrill) Gould & Clark – K, Z; < P. portoricense Desvaux ex Hamilton var. nashianum (Scribner) Lelong –
X]
Dichanthelium species 5 (=neuranthum), Nerved Witch Grass. Cp (GA, NC): maritime wet grasslands and wet savannas
near the coast; rare (GA Special Concern, NC Significantly Rare). May-September. Disjunctly in se. NC, se. SC, GA, FL, s.
MS, TX, Bahamas, Cuba, and Belize. Treated as D. aciculare ssp. neuranthum in FNA, but distinctive morphology and habitat
argue for recognition as a species. Can occur with the similar-appearing D. caerulescens, from which it differs by having
spikelets that are longer (1.8-2.0 mm vs. 1.4-1.8), rounded vs. obtuse to sub-acute, and pubescent vs. glabrous; longer first
glumes (0.8-1.0 mm vs. 0.3-0.8); leaves 15× or more as long as wide vs. 10-15×; and a nearly strict panicle. FNA gives a
spikelet length of 2-2.8 mm, well beyond the length of spikelets on specimens we have seen throughout the range. As FNA
provides no synonymy, it is possible that its concept of "neuranthum" includes entities treated separately here, or entities outside
the range of this flora. [= Panicum neuranthum Grisebach – RAB, HC, S; = D. aciculare (Desvaux ex Poiret) Gould & Clark
ssp. neuranthum (Grisebach) Freckmann & Lelong – FNA; < D. aciculare – K, Z]
Dichanthelium species 9 (=cryptanthum), Hidden-flowered Witch Grass. Cp (NC, SC): wet meadows and ditches,
streamside openings (NC Significantly Rare). May-September. NC (or NJ?) to MS (or TX?) (previous concepts of this taxon
and its range are unclear). In the field, this taxon can be mistaken for D. yadkinense; it is readily distinguished by its scabrous
peduncle and membranous ligules. [= Panicum cryptanthum Ashe – F, HC, S; < P. scabriusculum Elliott – RAB, C, GW; < D.
scabriusculum (Elliott) Gould & Clark – FNA, K, Z; = P. scabriusculum var. cryptanthum (Ashe) Gleason – G]
Dichanthelium species 10 (=curtifolium), Short-leaved Witch Grass. Cp (SC), Mt (NC): bogs, sphagnous streamhead
swamps, mountain streams; uncommon in Coastal Plain, rare in Piedmont and Mountains. April-September. Ranging disjunctly
in w. NC and e. TN, e. SC, FL, and MS. The combination of characters is quite distinctive for the genus in our region. [=