Part 7 - UNC Herbarium

POACEAE 925
Tripsacum dactyloides (Linnaeus) Linnaeus var. dactyloides, Gamma Grass. Pd, Mt, Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA): roadsides,
moist areas, disturbed areas, moist riverbanks; common. Late May-November. T. dactyloides is widespread in e. North America
north to MA, MI, IA, and NE, ranging south into tropical Central and South America; var. dactyloides is North American. This
important species of moist and wetland areas in the Great Plains is generally seen in disturbed habitats in our area; its original
habitats in our area (if indeed it was native in the flora area) are poorly understood. [= FNA, Z; < T. dactyloides – RAB, C, G,
HC, K, S, W; > T. dactyloides var. dactyloides – F; > T. dactyloides var. occidentale Cutler & Anderson – F]
Trisetum Persoon (Oat-grass)
(also see Sphenopholis)
A genus of about 85 species, north and south temperate. References: Randall & Hilu (1986)=Z; Tucker (1996)=Y.
Trisetum spicatum (Linnaeus) K. Richter, Alpine Oat-grass, Spike Trisetum. Mt (NC, VA): mountain cliffs at high
elevations; rare (NC Endangered, VA Rare). June-August. A circumboreal species, widespread and common in arctic and alpine
areas, south in e. North America to New England, NY, and, rarely, PA, and disjunct to Hawksbill Mountain, Page County, VA
(where extant) and Roan Mountain, Mitchell County, NC (where not seen since the nineteenth century). The species is also
known from the West Indies, Mexico, and s. South America. T. spicatum, as broadly treated here, following Randall & Hilu
(1986), is polymorphic and consists of several ploidies. [= C, HC, K, S, Y, Z; > T. spicatum var. molle (Michaux) Beal – RAB,
F, G; > T. triflorum (Bigelow) Löve & Löve ssp. molle (Michaux) Löve & Löve – W; > T. spicatum var. maidenii (Gandoger)
Fernald – F]
References: Tucker (1996)=Z; Zohary & Hopf (1994).
Triticum Linnaeus 1753 (Wheat)
* Triticum aestivum Linnaeus, Bread Wheat. Cp, Pd, Mt (GA, NC, SC, VA): fields; frequently cultivated, rarely persistent
or volunteering following cultivation, introduced from Eurasia. May-June. One of the most important crops in the world. The
lemmas can either be awnless or with long awns (to 8 cm long). [= RAB, C, F, G, HC, K, Z]
Uniola Linnaeus (Sea Oats)
(also see Chasmanthium)
A genus of 2 species. The only other species of the genus ranges from Baja California south along the Pacific Ocean to Ecuador;
other species previously treated in Uniola have been shown to be only distantly related and are now treated as Chasmanthium.
References: Yates in FNA (2003a); Yates (1966a, 1966b)=Z.
Uniola paniculata Linnaeus, Sea Oats. Cp (GA, NC, SC, VA): abundant on unforested primary and secondary dunes on
barrier islands, and on dry to mesic sand flats and interdune swales; common (VA Watch List). June-November. Se. VA south
to FL and west to TX and Mexico; West Indies. This is the most important sand-binding grass on ocean dunes from NC south,
playing a critical role in primary succession on dunes. It is against the law in NC to pick or destroy Uniola paniculata. [= RAB,
C, F, FNA, G, HC, K, S, Z]
Urochloa Palisot de Beauvois (Para-grass, Signal-grass)
A genus of about 100 species, pantropical and subtropical. References: Crins (1991)=Z; Webster (1988)=Y; Wipff & Thompson
in FNA (2003a). Key adapted in part from GW.
1 Spikelets suffused with purple, borne in pairs (or threes) in each row........................................................................ U. mutica
1 Spikelets green, borne singly in each row.
2 Upper half of second glume and first lemma with evident transverse veins connecting the longitudinal veins; spikelets
3.5-4.7 mm long............................................................................................................................................U. platyphylla
2 Upper half of second glume and first lemma without evident transverse veins, or with very obscure cross-veins;
spikelets either 2-4 mm or 5-6 mm long.
3 Spikelets 2-4 mm long ............................................................................................................................... U. ramosa
3 Spikelets 5-6 mm long .................................................................................................................................U. texana
* Urochloa mutica (Forskål) Nguyen, Para-grass. Cp (SC): margin of pond; rare, introduced from Africa. August. [= FNA,
K, Z; ? Panicum purpurascens Raddi – RAB, HC; ? B. purpurascens (Raddi) Henrard – GW; = Brachiaria mutica (Forskål)
Stapf]