Rad Data Handbook 20.. - Voss Associates

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RADON FACTS 1 working level = 222 3 DAC Rn (including progeny) = 1.3E5 MeV / liter of air á energy = 100 pCi / liter (1E-7 uCi / mL) = 20.8 uJoules / M 3 1 working level-month = 1 pCi / L in air thru evaporation EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON GAS IN HOMES Concentration (pCi / L)Sampling Frequency 0 - 4initial and no follow up EPA Recommends Mitigation at > 4 pCi / L 4 -20one year and follow up 20 -2003 months and follow up > 200 Implement radon reduction methods 4 pCi / L in living area = 1.03 working level-month = 1 rem PROPOSED EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON IN DRINKING WATER Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is 300 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems (CWS). Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level (AMCL) is 4,000 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems. To comply with the AMCL limit the state or the CWS (Community Water System) must implement a Multi-Media Mitigation plan to address the radon in the air of residences. The proposed rule would not apply to CWSs that use solely surface water. The proposed rule requires monitoring for radon in drinking water. The monitoring frequency varies from once per quarter to once in 9 years based on radon concentrations. RADON FACTS 1 working level = 222 3 DAC Rn (including progeny) = 1.3E5 MeV / liter of air á energy = 100 pCi / liter (1E-7 uCi / mL) = 20.8 uJoules / M 3 1 working level-month = 1 pCi / L in air thru evaporation EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON GAS IN HOMES Concentration (pCi / L)Sampling Frequency 0 - 4initial and no follow up EPA Recommends Mitigation at > 4 pCi / L 4 -20one year and follow up 20 -2003 months and follow up > 200 Implement radon reduction methods 4 pCi / L in living area = 1.03 working level-month = 1 rem PROPOSED EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON IN DRINKING WATER Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is 300 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems (CWS). Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level (AMCL) is 4,000 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems. To comply with the AMCL limit the state or the CWS (Community Water System) must implement a Multi-Media Mitigation plan to address the radon in the air of residences. The proposed rule would not apply to CWSs that use solely surface water. The proposed rule requires monitoring for radon in drinking water. The monitoring frequency varies from once per quarter to once in 9 years based on radon concentrations. RADON FACTS 1 working level = 222 3 DAC Rn (including progeny) = 1.3E5 MeV / liter of air á energy = 100 pCi / liter (1E-7 uCi / mL) = 20.8 uJoules / M 3 1 working level-month = 1 pCi / L in air thru evaporation EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON GAS IN HOMES Concentration (pCi / L)Sampling Frequency 0 - 4initial and no follow up EPA Recommends Mitigation at > 4 pCi / L 4 -20one year and follow up 20 -2003 months and follow up > 200 Implement radon reduction methods 4 pCi / L in living area = 1.03 working level-month = 1 rem PROPOSED EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON IN DRINKING WATER Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is 300 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems (CWS). Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level (AMCL) is 4,000 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems. To comply with the AMCL limit the state or the CWS (Community Water System) must implement a Multi-Media Mitigation plan to address the radon in the air of residences. The proposed rule would not apply to CWSs that use solely surface water. The proposed rule requires monitoring for radon in drinking water. The monitoring frequency varies from once per quarter to once in 9 years based on radon concentrations. RADON FACTS 1 working level = 222 3 DAC Rn (including progeny) = 1.3E5 MeV / liter of air á energy = 100 pCi / liter (1E-7 uCi / mL) = 20.8 uJoules / M 3 1 working level-month = 1 pCi / L in air thru evaporation EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON GAS IN HOMES Concentration (pCi / L)Sampling Frequency 0 - 4initial and no follow up EPA Recommends Mitigation at > 4 pCi / L 4 -20one year and follow up 20 -2003 months and follow up > 200 Implement radon reduction methods 4 pCi / L in living area = 1.03 working level-month = 1 rem PROPOSED EPA ACTION LEVELS FOR RADON IN DRINKING WATER Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is 300 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems (CWS). Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level (AMCL) is 4,000 pCi / L of radon in water of community water systems. To comply with the AMCL limit the state or the CWS (Community Water System) must implement a Multi-Media Mitigation plan to address the radon in the air of residences. The proposed rule would not apply to CWSs that use solely surface water. The proposed rule requires monitoring for radon in drinking water. The monitoring frequency varies from once per quarter to once in 9 years based on radon concentrations.
COMPARATIVE RISKS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE Estimated Days of Life Lost Smoking 1 pack of cigarettes / day 2,370 20% overweight 985 Average US alcohol consumption 130 Home accidents 95 Occupational exposure • 5.0 rem (50 mSv) / year 32 • 0.5 rem (5 mSv) / year 3 OCCUPATIONAL RISKS Estimated Days Occupation of Life Lost demolition 1,500 mining 1,100 firefighting 800 railroad 500 farming 300 construction 200 transportation & public utilities 160 average of all occupations 60 government 55 radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) per year 50 service 45 trade 30 single radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) 1.5 COMPARATIVE RISKS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE Estimated Days of Life Lost Smoking 1 pack of cigarettes / day 2,370 20% overweight 985 Average US alcohol consumption 130 Home accidents 95 Occupational exposure • 5.0 rem (50 mSv) / year 32 • 0.5 rem (5 mSv) / year 3 OCCUPATIONAL RISKS Estimated Days Occupation of Life Lost demolition 1,500 mining 1,100 firefighting 800 railroad 500 farming 300 construction 200 transportation & public utilities 160 average of all occupations 60 government 55 radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) per year 50 service 45 trade 30 single radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) 1.5 143 143 COMPARATIVE RISKS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE Estimated Days of Life Lost Smoking 1 pack of cigarettes / day 2,370 20% overweight 985 Average US alcohol consumption 130 Home accidents 95 Occupational exposure • 5.0 rem (50 mSv) / year 32 • 0.5 rem (5 mSv) / year 3 OCCUPATIONAL RISKS Estimated Days Occupation of Life Lost demolition 1,500 mining 1,100 firefighting 800 railroad 500 farming 300 construction 200 transportation & public utilities 160 average of all occupations 60 government 55 radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) per year 50 service 45 trade 30 single radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) 1.5 COMPARATIVE RISKS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE Estimated Days of Life Lost Smoking 1 pack of cigarettes / day 2,370 20% overweight 985 Average US alcohol consumption 130 Home accidents 95 Occupational exposure • 5.0 rem (50 mSv) / year 32 • 0.5 rem (5 mSv) / year 3 OCCUPATIONAL RISKS Estimated Days Occupation of Life Lost demolition 1,500 mining 1,100 firefighting 800 railroad 500 farming 300 construction 200 transportation & public utilities 160 average of all occupations 60 government 55 radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) per year 50 service 45 trade 30 single radiation dose of 1 rem (10 mSv) 1.5 143 143
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Abbreviations 115 Activity vs Expos
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RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE Wri
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HAZARD CONTROL PRIORITIES DURING ME
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ACUTE RADIATION EFFECTS 0 - 25 REM
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TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS Z Density Z D
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Relative Locations of Products of N
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RADIOACTIVE DECAY MODES OF COMMONLY
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Progeny kev and % abundance 55 Fe 5
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Progeny kev and % abundance 99 Mo 9
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Progeny kev and % abundance 208 Tl
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Progeny kev and % abundance 229 Th
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Progeny kev and % abundance 241 Am
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Progeny kev and % abundance Progeny
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Progeny kev and % abundance 222 Rn
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Neptunium Decay Chain (4n + 1) st 1
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Actinium Decay Chain (4n + 3) st 1
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Ci / g = 3.578E5 / (T 1/2 in years
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Rem/hr / Ci Sv/hr / GBq Half-Life C
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mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 1
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RADIATION BIOLOGY Maximum survivabl
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INTERNAL DOSIMETRY Calculating CDE
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EQUIVALENT DOSE, EFFECTIVE DOSE, an
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CALCULATING TODE AND TEDE TEDE = DD
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SHIELDING MATERIALS α a single she
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Beta Dose Rates in rad/hr per mCi M
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Combining Radiation Types to Determ
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NEUTRON SHIELD THICKNESS I = I0e -N
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Exposure Rate in an Air-Filled Ion
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Inverse Square Law 2 2 X 1 (D) 1 =
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Table 1 of DOE 5400.5 Surface Activ
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6CEN The 6CEN equation can be used
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Ventilation Rates Ventilation rates
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AIR FLOW METER CORRECTIONS Mass Flo
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10CFR20 DAC 10CFR835 DAC 10CFR20 AL
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Page 93 and 94: 10CFR20 DAC 10CFR835 DAC 10CFR20 AL
Page 103 and 104: External Exposure in a Cloud of Air
Page 105 and 106: Characteristic X-Rays (KeV) of the
Page 107 and 108: Z # K K L L 103 Lr 71 Lu 54.06 61.2
Page 109 and 110: COUNTING STATISTICS COUNTING STATIS
Page 111 and 112: ELEVATION VS AIR PRESSURE Barometri
Page 113 and 114: NE Omaha 983 UT Cedar City 5,623 NH
Page 115 and 116: COMPOSITION OF AIR Density of Symbo
Page 117 and 118: ABBREVIATIONS ampere A, or amp angs
Page 119 and 120: Mass 1 gram = 0.03527 ounces 1 ounc
Page 121 and 122: Radiological 1 BTU = 235 1.28E-8 g
Page 123 and 124: CONSTANTS Avogadro's number (N 0) 6
Page 125 and 126: ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Wavelength
Page 127 and 128: 5. Air-proportional alpha detectors
Page 129 and 130: 32 7. The bremsstrahlung from a 1 C
Page 131 and 132: RULES OF THUMB FOR NEUTRONS 1. The
Page 133 and 134: Spontaneous Fission Neutron and Gam
Page 135 and 136: Energy & Yield of neutrons from the
Page 137 and 138: WG Pu 15 years after fabrication 23
Page 139 and 140: Isotopic Mix of Natural U 238 U 234
Page 141 and 142: MISCELLANEOUS RULES OF THUMB 1. One
Page 143: PUBLIC RADIATION DOSES Average per
Page 147 and 148: Voss Associates provides valuable t
Page 149: Publications Radiation Data Radiati
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Rad Data Handbook 20.. - Voss Associates

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