Rad Data Handbook 20.. - Voss Associates

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Gamma exposure at 30 cm vs Particle Size in microns for commonly encountered radionuclides mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 7 Be 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E2 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1.3 22 Na 4.7E-5 4.7E-2 4.7E1 4.7E-7 4.7E-4 0.47 24 Na 9.5E-2 9.5E1 9.5E4 9.5E-4 0.95 9.5E2 26 Al 4.5E-10 4.5E-7 4.5E-4 4.5E-12 4.5E-9 4.5E-7 28 Mg 4.8E-2 4.8E1 4.8E4 4.8E-4 0.48 4.8E2 46 Sc 6.9E-4 6.9E-1 6.9E2 6.9E-6 6.9E-4 6.9 48 V 1E-2 1E1 1E4 1E-4 0.10 1E2 51 Cr 9E-5 9E-2 9E1 9E-7 9E-4 0.9 52 Mn 3.8E-2 3.8E1 3.8E4 3.8E-4 0.38 3.8E2 54 Mn 1.7E-4 1.7E-1 1.7E2 1.7E-6 1.7E-3 1.7 56 Mn 8.3E-1 8.3E2 8.3E5 8.3E-3 8.3 8.3E3 56 Co 2.9E-3 2.9 2.9E3 2.9E-5 2.9E-2 29 57 Co 6.6E-5 6.6E-2 6.6E1 6.6E-7 6.6E-4 0.66 58 Co 1E-3 1 1E3 1E-5 1E-2 10 59 Fe 1.5E-3 1.5 1.5E3 1.5E-5 1.5E-2 15 60 Co 8E-5 8E-2 8E1 8E-7 8E-4 0.8 65 Zn 1.1E-4 1.1E-1 1.1E2 1.1E-6 1.1E-3 1.1 75 Se 3.5E-4 3.5E-1 3.5E2 3.5E-6 3.5E-3 3.5 88 Y 6.3E-4 6.3E-1 6.3E2 6.3E-6 6.3E-3 6.3 90 Sr/Y N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 95 Zr 3.8E-4 3.8E-1 3.8E2 3.8E-6 3.8E-3 3.8 99 Mo 3.2E-3 3.2 3.2E3 3.2E-5 3.2E-2 32 109 Cd 2.4E-5 2.4E-2 2.4E1 2.4E-7 2.4E-4 0.24 137 Cs 3.6E-7 3.6E-4 3.6E-1 3.6E-9 3.6E-6 3.6E-3 140 Ba 2.4E-4 2.4E-1 2.4E2 2.4E-6 2.4E-3 2.4 Gamma exposure at 30 cm vs Particle Size in microns for commonly encountered radionuclides mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 7 Be 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E2 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1.3 22 Na 4.7E-5 4.7E-2 4.7E1 4.7E-7 4.7E-4 0.47 24 Na 9.5E-2 9.5E1 9.5E4 9.5E-4 0.95 9.5E2 26 Al 4.5E-10 4.5E-7 4.5E-4 4.5E-12 4.5E-9 4.5E-7 28 Mg 4.8E-2 4.8E1 4.8E4 4.8E-4 0.48 4.8E2 46 Sc 6.9E-4 6.9E-1 6.9E2 6.9E-6 6.9E-4 6.9 48 V 1E-2 1E1 1E4 1E-4 0.10 1E2 51 Cr 9E-5 9E-2 9E1 9E-7 9E-4 0.9 52 Mn 3.8E-2 3.8E1 3.8E4 3.8E-4 0.38 3.8E2 54 Mn 1.7E-4 1.7E-1 1.7E2 1.7E-6 1.7E-3 1.7 56 Mn 8.3E-1 8.3E2 8.3E5 8.3E-3 8.3 8.3E3 56 Co 2.9E-3 2.9 2.9E3 2.9E-5 2.9E-2 29 57 Co 6.6E-5 6.6E-2 6.6E1 6.6E-7 6.6E-4 0.66 58 Co 1E-3 1 1E3 1E-5 1E-2 10 59 Fe 1.5E-3 1.5 1.5E3 1.5E-5 1.5E-2 15 60 Co 8E-5 8E-2 8E1 8E-7 8E-4 0.8 65 Zn 1.1E-4 1.1E-1 1.1E2 1.1E-6 1.1E-3 1.1 75 Se 3.5E-4 3.5E-1 3.5E2 3.5E-6 3.5E-3 3.5 88 Y 6.3E-4 6.3E-1 6.3E2 6.3E-6 6.3E-3 6.3 90 Sr/Y N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 95 Zr 3.8E-4 3.8E-1 3.8E2 3.8E-6 3.8E-3 3.8 99 Mo 3.2E-3 3.2 3.2E3 3.2E-5 3.2E-2 32 109 Cd 2.4E-5 2.4E-2 2.4E1 2.4E-7 2.4E-4 0.24 137 Cs 3.6E-7 3.6E-4 3.6E-1 3.6E-9 3.6E-6 3.6E-3 140 Ba 2.4E-4 2.4E-1 2.4E2 2.4E-6 2.4E-3 2.4 42 42 Gamma exposure at 30 cm vs Particle Size in microns for commonly encountered radionuclides mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 7 Be 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E2 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1.3 22 Na 4.7E-5 4.7E-2 4.7E1 4.7E-7 4.7E-4 0.47 24 Na 9.5E-2 9.5E1 9.5E4 9.5E-4 0.95 9.5E2 26 Al 4.5E-10 4.5E-7 4.5E-4 4.5E-12 4.5E-9 4.5E-7 28 Mg 4.8E-2 4.8E1 4.8E4 4.8E-4 0.48 4.8E2 46 Sc 6.9E-4 6.9E-1 6.9E2 6.9E-6 6.9E-4 6.9 48 V 1E-2 1E1 1E4 1E-4 0.10 1E2 51 Cr 9E-5 9E-2 9E1 9E-7 9E-4 0.9 52 Mn 3.8E-2 3.8E1 3.8E4 3.8E-4 0.38 3.8E2 54 Mn 1.7E-4 1.7E-1 1.7E2 1.7E-6 1.7E-3 1.7 56 Mn 8.3E-1 8.3E2 8.3E5 8.3E-3 8.3 8.3E3 56 Co 2.9E-3 2.9 2.9E3 2.9E-5 2.9E-2 29 57 Co 6.6E-5 6.6E-2 6.6E1 6.6E-7 6.6E-4 0.66 58 Co 1E-3 1 1E3 1E-5 1E-2 10 59 Fe 1.5E-3 1.5 1.5E3 1.5E-5 1.5E-2 15 60 Co 8E-5 8E-2 8E1 8E-7 8E-4 0.8 65 Zn 1.1E-4 1.1E-1 1.1E2 1.1E-6 1.1E-3 1.1 75 Se 3.5E-4 3.5E-1 3.5E2 3.5E-6 3.5E-3 3.5 88 Y 6.3E-4 6.3E-1 6.3E2 6.3E-6 6.3E-3 6.3 90 Sr/Y N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 95 Zr 3.8E-4 3.8E-1 3.8E2 3.8E-6 3.8E-3 3.8 99 Mo 3.2E-3 3.2 3.2E3 3.2E-5 3.2E-2 32 109 Cd 2.4E-5 2.4E-2 2.4E1 2.4E-7 2.4E-4 0.24 137 Cs 3.6E-7 3.6E-4 3.6E-1 3.6E-9 3.6E-6 3.6E-3 140 Ba 2.4E-4 2.4E-1 2.4E2 2.4E-6 2.4E-3 2.4 Gamma exposure at 30 cm vs Particle Size in microns for commonly encountered radionuclides mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 7 Be 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E2 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1.3 22 Na 4.7E-5 4.7E-2 4.7E1 4.7E-7 4.7E-4 0.47 24 Na 9.5E-2 9.5E1 9.5E4 9.5E-4 0.95 9.5E2 26 Al 4.5E-10 4.5E-7 4.5E-4 4.5E-12 4.5E-9 4.5E-7 28 Mg 4.8E-2 4.8E1 4.8E4 4.8E-4 0.48 4.8E2 46 Sc 6.9E-4 6.9E-1 6.9E2 6.9E-6 6.9E-4 6.9 48 V 1E-2 1E1 1E4 1E-4 0.10 1E2 51 Cr 9E-5 9E-2 9E1 9E-7 9E-4 0.9 52 Mn 3.8E-2 3.8E1 3.8E4 3.8E-4 0.38 3.8E2 54 Mn 1.7E-4 1.7E-1 1.7E2 1.7E-6 1.7E-3 1.7 56 Mn 8.3E-1 8.3E2 8.3E5 8.3E-3 8.3 8.3E3 56 Co 2.9E-3 2.9 2.9E3 2.9E-5 2.9E-2 29 57 Co 6.6E-5 6.6E-2 6.6E1 6.6E-7 6.6E-4 0.66 58 Co 1E-3 1 1E3 1E-5 1E-2 10 59 Fe 1.5E-3 1.5 1.5E3 1.5E-5 1.5E-2 15 60 Co 8E-5 8E-2 8E1 8E-7 8E-4 0.8 65 Zn 1.1E-4 1.1E-1 1.1E2 1.1E-6 1.1E-3 1.1 75 Se 3.5E-4 3.5E-1 3.5E2 3.5E-6 3.5E-3 3.5 88 Y 6.3E-4 6.3E-1 6.3E2 6.3E-6 6.3E-3 6.3 90 Sr/Y N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 95 Zr 3.8E-4 3.8E-1 3.8E2 3.8E-6 3.8E-3 3.8 99 Mo 3.2E-3 3.2 3.2E3 3.2E-5 3.2E-2 32 109 Cd 2.4E-5 2.4E-2 2.4E1 2.4E-7 2.4E-4 0.24 137 Cs 3.6E-7 3.6E-4 3.6E-1 3.6E-9 3.6E-6 3.6E-3 140 Ba 2.4E-4 2.4E-1 2.4E2 2.4E-6 2.4E-3 2.4 42 42
mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 187 W 1.1E-3 1.1 1.1E3 1.1E-5 1.1E-2 11 191 Os 3.9E-4 3.9E-1 3.9E2 3.9E-6 3.9E-3 3.9 192 Ir 7.1E-4 7.1E-1 7.1E2 7.1E-6 7.1E-3 7.1 198 Au 8E-3 8 8E3 8E-5 8E-2 80 226 Ra 3.5E-10 3.5E-7 3.5E-4 3.5E-12 3.5E-9 3.5E-6 234 U 5.4E-11 5.4E-8 5.4E-5 5.4E-13 5.4E-10 5.4E-7 235 U 8.1E-14 8.1E-11 8.1E-8 8.1E-16 8.1E-13 8.1E- 10 237 Np 3.9E-11 3.9E-8 3.9E-5 3.9E-13 3.9E-10 3.9E-7 238 Pu 1.6E-7 1.6E-4 1.6E-1 1.6E-9 1.6E-6 1.6E-3 239 Pu 2.2E-10 2.2E-7 2.2E-4 2.2E-12 2.2E-9 2.2E-6 240 Pu 2E-9 2E-6 2E-3 2E-11 2E-8 2E-5 241 Am 1.3E-7 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E-9 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1000 ì = 1 mm (millimeter) = 0.03937 inches 100 ì is easily discernible with the naked eye 50 ì is not easily discernible with the naked eye < 10 ì is typical size for airborne particles mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 187 W 1.1E-3 1.1 1.1E3 1.1E-5 1.1E-2 11 191 Os 3.9E-4 3.9E-1 3.9E2 3.9E-6 3.9E-3 3.9 192 Ir 7.1E-4 7.1E-1 7.1E2 7.1E-6 7.1E-3 7.1 198 Au 8E-3 8 8E3 8E-5 8E-2 80 226 Ra 3.5E-10 3.5E-7 3.5E-4 3.5E-12 3.5E-9 3.5E-6 234 U 5.4E-11 5.4E-8 5.4E-5 5.4E-13 5.4E-10 5.4E-7 235 U 8.1E-14 8.1E-11 8.1E-8 8.1E-16 8.1E-13 8.1E- 10 237 Np 3.9E-11 3.9E-8 3.9E-5 3.9E-13 3.9E-10 3.9E-7 238 Pu 1.6E-7 1.6E-4 1.6E-1 1.6E-9 1.6E-6 1.6E-3 239 Pu 2.2E-10 2.2E-7 2.2E-4 2.2E-12 2.2E-9 2.2E-6 240 Pu 2E-9 2E-6 2E-3 2E-11 2E-8 2E-5 241 Am 1.3E-7 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E-9 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1000 ì = 1 mm (millimeter) = 0.03937 inches 100 ì is easily discernible with the naked eye 50 ì is not easily discernible with the naked eye < 10 ì is typical size for airborne particles 43 43 mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 187 W 1.1E-3 1.1 1.1E3 1.1E-5 1.1E-2 11 191 Os 3.9E-4 3.9E-1 3.9E2 3.9E-6 3.9E-3 3.9 192 Ir 7.1E-4 7.1E-1 7.1E2 7.1E-6 7.1E-3 7.1 198 Au 8E-3 8 8E3 8E-5 8E-2 80 226 Ra 3.5E-10 3.5E-7 3.5E-4 3.5E-12 3.5E-9 3.5E-6 234 U 5.4E-11 5.4E-8 5.4E-5 5.4E-13 5.4E-10 5.4E-7 235 U 8.1E-14 8.1E-11 8.1E-8 8.1E-16 8.1E-13 8.1E- 10 237 Np 3.9E-11 3.9E-8 3.9E-5 3.9E-13 3.9E-10 3.9E-7 238 Pu 1.6E-7 1.6E-4 1.6E-1 1.6E-9 1.6E-6 1.6E-3 239 Pu 2.2E-10 2.2E-7 2.2E-4 2.2E-12 2.2E-9 2.2E-6 240 Pu 2E-9 2E-6 2E-3 2E-11 2E-8 2E-5 241 Am 1.3E-7 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E-9 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1000 ì = 1 mm (millimeter) = 0.03937 inches 100 ì is easily discernible with the naked eye 50 ì is not easily discernible with the naked eye < 10 ì is typical size for airborne particles mRem/hr mSv/hr 1ì 10ì 100ì 1ì 10ì 100ì 187 W 1.1E-3 1.1 1.1E3 1.1E-5 1.1E-2 11 191 Os 3.9E-4 3.9E-1 3.9E2 3.9E-6 3.9E-3 3.9 192 Ir 7.1E-4 7.1E-1 7.1E2 7.1E-6 7.1E-3 7.1 198 Au 8E-3 8 8E3 8E-5 8E-2 80 226 Ra 3.5E-10 3.5E-7 3.5E-4 3.5E-12 3.5E-9 3.5E-6 234 U 5.4E-11 5.4E-8 5.4E-5 5.4E-13 5.4E-10 5.4E-7 235 U 8.1E-14 8.1E-11 8.1E-8 8.1E-16 8.1E-13 8.1E- 10 237 Np 3.9E-11 3.9E-8 3.9E-5 3.9E-13 3.9E-10 3.9E-7 238 Pu 1.6E-7 1.6E-4 1.6E-1 1.6E-9 1.6E-6 1.6E-3 239 Pu 2.2E-10 2.2E-7 2.2E-4 2.2E-12 2.2E-9 2.2E-6 240 Pu 2E-9 2E-6 2E-3 2E-11 2E-8 2E-5 241 Am 1.3E-7 1.3E-4 1.3E-1 1.3E-9 1.3E-6 1.3E-3 1000 ì = 1 mm (millimeter) = 0.03937 inches 100 ì is easily discernible with the naked eye 50 ì is not easily discernible with the naked eye < 10 ì is typical size for airborne particles 43 43
Page 1 and 2: Abbreviations 115 Activity vs Expos
Page 3 and 4: RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE Wri
Page 5 and 6: HAZARD CONTROL PRIORITIES DURING ME
Page 7 and 8: ACUTE RADIATION EFFECTS 0 - 25 REM
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS Z Density Z D
Page 11 and 12: Relative Locations of Products of N
Page 13 and 14: RADIOACTIVE DECAY MODES OF COMMONLY
Page 15 and 16: Progeny kev and % abundance 55 Fe 5
Page 17 and 18: Progeny kev and % abundance 99 Mo 9
Page 19 and 20: Progeny kev and % abundance 208 Tl
Page 21 and 22: Progeny kev and % abundance 229 Th
Page 23 and 24: Progeny kev and % abundance 241 Am
Page 25 and 26: Progeny kev and % abundance Progeny
Page 27 and 28: Progeny kev and % abundance 222 Rn
Page 29 and 30: Neptunium Decay Chain (4n + 1) st 1
Page 31 and 32: Actinium Decay Chain (4n + 3) st 1
Page 33 and 34: Ci / g = 3.578E5 / (T 1/2 in years
Page 35 and 36: Rem/hr / Ci Sv/hr / GBq Half-Life C
Page 43: Rem/hr / Ci Sv/hr / GBq Half-Life C
Page 47 and 48: RADIATION BIOLOGY Maximum survivabl
Page 49 and 50: INTERNAL DOSIMETRY Calculating CDE
Page 51 and 52: EQUIVALENT DOSE, EFFECTIVE DOSE, an
Page 53 and 54: CALCULATING TODE AND TEDE TEDE = DD
Page 55 and 56: SHIELDING MATERIALS α a single she
Page 57 and 58: Beta Dose Rates in rad/hr per mCi M
Page 59 and 60: Combining Radiation Types to Determ
Page 61 and 62: NEUTRON SHIELD THICKNESS I = I0e -N
Page 63 and 64: Exposure Rate in an Air-Filled Ion
Page 65 and 66: Inverse Square Law 2 2 X 1 (D) 1 =
Page 67 and 68: Table 1 of DOE 5400.5 Surface Activ
Page 69 and 70: 6CEN The 6CEN equation can be used
Page 71 and 72: Ventilation Rates Ventilation rates
Page 73 and 74: AIR FLOW METER CORRECTIONS Mass Flo
Page 75 and 76: 10CFR20 DAC 10CFR835 DAC 10CFR20 AL
Page 95 and 96:
10CFR20 DAC 10CFR835 DAC 10CFR20 AL
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
External Exposure in a Cloud of Air
Page 105 and 106:
Characteristic X-Rays (KeV) of the
Page 107 and 108:
Z # K K L L 103 Lr 71 Lu 54.06 61.2
Page 109 and 110:
COUNTING STATISTICS COUNTING STATIS
Page 111 and 112:
ELEVATION VS AIR PRESSURE Barometri
Page 113 and 114:
NE Omaha 983 UT Cedar City 5,623 NH
Page 115 and 116:
COMPOSITION OF AIR Density of Symbo
Page 117 and 118:
ABBREVIATIONS ampere A, or amp angs
Page 119 and 120:
Mass 1 gram = 0.03527 ounces 1 ounc
Page 121 and 122:
Radiological 1 BTU = 235 1.28E-8 g
Page 123 and 124:
CONSTANTS Avogadro's number (N 0) 6
Page 125 and 126:
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Wavelength
Page 127 and 128:
5. Air-proportional alpha detectors
Page 129 and 130:
32 7. The bremsstrahlung from a 1 C
Page 131 and 132:
RULES OF THUMB FOR NEUTRONS 1. The
Page 133 and 134:
Spontaneous Fission Neutron and Gam
Page 135 and 136:
Energy & Yield of neutrons from the
Page 137 and 138:
WG Pu 15 years after fabrication 23
Page 139 and 140:
Isotopic Mix of Natural U 238 U 234
Page 141 and 142:
MISCELLANEOUS RULES OF THUMB 1. One
Page 143 and 144:
PUBLIC RADIATION DOSES Average per
Page 145 and 146:
COMPARATIVE RISKS OF RADIATION EXPO
Page 147 and 148:
Voss Associates provides valuable t
Page 149:
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