Addressing the harmful use of alcohol - WHO Western Pacific Region

10. Implementation
Public interest groups, local community leaders and local agencies such as police contribute
to the policy-making process in many countries at an early stage. They can offer information,
insights and practical suggestions that can assist in the design and implementation of effective
legislation and enforcement. Nongovernment organizations and communities play a valuable
role in maintaining compliance with alcohol and licensing laws at the local level, increasing
regulatory efficiency (Braithwaite 1993). In many countries this includes a formal role for local
groups and individuals through a public objections process in licensing and licence renewal
procedures. Alcohol retailers, producers, importers and the hospitality sector, as well as the
advertising and media industries, are also interested parties in the alcohol policies covered
by this guide. Early information exchange with industry can be helpful. Issues for discussion
may include industry’s ability to comply, appropriate time-frames and transition periods, and
fair administrative, enforcement and appeal procedures.
Caution is advisable, however, in regard to industry’s role in the development of alcohol
policy. There is a conflict of interest between these industries’ obligations to shareholders
and policies that restrict alcohol affordability, availability, marketing and consumption in the
interests of public health.
For this reason, a WHO Expert Committee has spelled out a role for the alcohol industry in
WHO consultation processes that is equally appropriate to policy consultations by member
governments. The committee recommended:
... that WHO continue its practice of no collaboration with the various sectors of the
alcohol industry. Any interaction should be confined to discussion of the contribution
the alcohol industry can make to the reduction of alcohol-related harm only in the
context of their roles as producers, distributors and marketers of alcohol, and not in
terms of alcohol policy development or health promotion (WHO Expert Committee
2006).
Constitutions and legal systems
It is important to consider the (written or unwritten) constitution of the country for which alcohol
control legislation is being contemplated before adopting provisions set out in this guide.
Opponents of alcohol control legislation may attempt to use the constitution or Bill of Rights of
the country to argue that the legislative proposals are inappropriate and unconstitutional. This
is a standard tactic used by opponents to alcohol and tobacco control measures.
Most constitution’s guarantee certain fundamental rights and freedoms. Usually included will
be the right to freedom of speech and expression. Opponents to alcohol control legislation will
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