92 BTYMOLOGY.[PAET II.C6th, equal : English co or con : as aimpcap, time ; c6riiaimpeapac,contemporary.Oeaj;, beig, good as : blap, taste ; beajblap, good orpleasant taste.Df, bfo, a negative, like English dis: as ceillibe, wise ;bTceillioe,foolish: ceann, ahead; bfceannab, to behead.Dpo6, bpoic, bad or evil as :obaip, a work ; bpoc-obaipan evil work.Do and po are opposites, as are also <strong>of</strong>ten the letters b and p.Do denotes difficulty, or ill, or the absence <strong>of</strong> some good or positivequality: as puicpeanae or popaicpeanab, visible; bopaicpeanac,invisible: boldp, tribulation; p6ldp, comfort:bonap, ill luck; ponap, good luck: bo-beunca, hard to bedone; po-beunca, easy to be done: bubuO, sad; puba6,merry.ea, a negative, <strong>of</strong>ten causing eclipsis as :bainsean, strong ;eabainsean, weak :coip, just; easc6ip, injustice: cpoin,heavy eabcpom, ;light.eap, a negative as on6ip, honour : ;eapon6ip, dishonour:pldn, healthful ; eapldn, sick: caipbeap, friendship; eapcaipbeap,enmity.po, under as buine, a man : ; pobuine, an tmder-man, acommon man, a servant.Ppic, against, back, contra : as buille, a stroke ; ppicbuille,a back stroke :bac, a hook ; ppiocbac, a back-hook, a barb.11, 10I, many: as lomab, much ; lliomab, sundry, various :bac, a colour ; lolbacac, many coloured: paobap, an edge ;lOlpaobaip, many-edged weapons.In, ion, fit: as beunca, done; mbeunca, fit to be done:paibce, said ; lonpaibce, fit to be said.Ldn, full, used as an intensitive: as aibbeil, vast ;Idnaibbeil,awfully vast.heat, half: as uaip, an hour; leacuaip, half an hour.This word is also used to denote one <strong>of</strong> a pair: thus puil, aneye; leac-puil (literally half an eye), one <strong>of</strong> two eyes. See" Idiom, No. 13."Tllf, mto, a negative: as m eap, respect; mfrheap, disrespect:c6maiplc, advice ;miocditiai pie, evil advice.Neam, neirii, a negative as :coimpigce, comprehensible ;necnftcoimpi5ce, incomprehensible: nib, a thing; neiriinib,nothing.Reurii. before, like English pre: as paibce, said; peuiiipaibce, aforesaid.TCo, an intensitive particle: as ni6p, great; p6-rh6p, verygrea*-
CHAP. Vn.J PREFIXES AND AFFIXES. 99Sdp, an intensitive particle: as mai6, good; pdp-rhaic,»ery good.So, poi, the opposite to bo, denotes apt, easy, goodas beapbca, proved; poibeapbca, easily proved.Up ortiip, an intensitive particle: as tpeal, low; tnpfpeal,very low, bumble, mean, vile.II.AFFIXES OR TERMINATIONS.*1. The following is a list <strong>of</strong> the principal affixesor terminations, with their meanings but it does;not include inflectional terminations, which are allgiven in connection with declensions and conjugations.Q6, when it is the termination <strong>of</strong> an adjective, means full<strong>of</strong>, abounding in, like the English y and ous, with the former<strong>of</strong> which it seems cognate; as bpaigeon, the black-thorn ;bpai^eanac, abounding in black-thorn: bpiacap, a word;bpiacpa6, wordy, talkative.Go, as the termination <strong>of</strong> a noun, generally denotes a personalagent; as cuihacb, power: ctimacbac, a mighty person:Connacca6, a native <strong>of</strong> Connaught.G6c, an abstract termination, like the English ness and ty(in probity) : as capcanac, charitable capcana6c, ; charity:m6p and mopba, great; mopbaco, greatness.GiSe, uibe, or l&e, a personal termination, denoting a doer;as cop. a foot ; coipiGe, a walker : ciomdn, drive ;ciomdndi&e,a driver.Qipe or ipe, a personal termination, denoting an agent ordoer; aslopft, a track; lopgcupe, a tracker: cealg, guile;ceal^aipe, a deceiver.Grhail has the same meaning as the English like and ly: aspldic, a prince plaiceattif.il, princely.;Gn, a diminutive termination, but it has now nearly lost itsdiminutive sense ;as lo6 a lake ; loodn, a small lake.Gp or eap, and sometimes the letter p alone, a terminationdenoting abstract quality, like ace as; aoibllin, delightful ;* For a full account <strong>of</strong> these terminations see the author's" Or igin and History <strong>of</strong> Irish Names <strong>of</strong> Places." Second,series, Chaps. I.and II.
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PB1223v;35G1896kGRAMMAR80> TM«AAUS
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A GRAMMARIRISHOF THELANGUAGEBYP. W,
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J89«miPEEFACE.Though this text-boo
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CONTENTS,PART I.ORTHOGRAPHY.CHAPTER
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CONTENTS.VUrAareCHAPTER V.—THE VE
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SCHOOLIRISH GRAMMAR.PART I.ORTHOGRA
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CHAP. I. jsounds;table of sounds.
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CHAP. I.J80UNDS. 5like ea in hear;
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CHAP. I.] SOUNDS. 7ry-arh; laoap, a
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CHAP. II.]LETTER CHANGES.broad have
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CHAP. II.]LETTER CHANGES. 1 Iand th
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CHAP. II.]LETTER CHANGES. 136. The
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|LETTERCHAP. II.CHANGES. 153. The s
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CHAP. I.JTHE ARTICLE. 17Very often
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CHAP. H."jTHE NOUN. 19as it is in l
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CHAP. H.]THE NOUN. 21and the ablati
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CHAP. II.]THE NOUN. 23neap c, stren
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C1TAP. II .JTIIE NOUN. 25seen in Oi
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CHAP. II.']1BE NOTO*. 2716. Those t
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CHAP.II.ITHE NOUN. 29caopa, a sheep
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CHAP. II.]THE NOUN. 312. Twelve typ
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CHAP. III. jTHE ADJECTIVE. 33Singul
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CHAP. III.]THE ADJECTIVE. 35Gn puip
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CHAP. III.]THE ADJECTIVE. 37Positiv
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CHAP. IY.]THE PRONOUN. 89beipc, for
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