112 SYNTAX. [PAKT III12. The infinitive, even without the prepositionLe, has <strong>of</strong>ten a passive signification; aspiacpamac Gilene cigeapna "THugoopn bo liiapbab,"Fiachra, son <strong>of</strong> Ailene, lord <strong>of</strong> Mourne, to beslain" (lit. "Fiachra, &c, to slay") agup an peap:pin uaib, a pp6n Oo buuinnac ciobpao (an cfop)6na ceunn " Oe, and the man who would not paythat tribute from him, his nose to be cut <strong>of</strong>f fromhis head."13. One verb governs another that follows it ordepends upon it in the infinitive mood ;as bam-bab nac pacpao clanna llloipne o'lappuib na5-caop " pin, if it were so that the Clann Mornahad not come to seek those berries."The following very important rule was first enunciated byO'Donovan, and is given here in his own words (" Irish Grammar,"p. 387.)14. " When the governed verb is one expressingmotion or gesture, which does not govern theaccusative, the sign Oo is never prefixed; as bubaipcp6 lioin oul 50 Copcaig, he told me to go to Cork."15. If the noun which is the object <strong>of</strong> a transitiveverb in the infinitive mood follows the verb, itis in the genitive case; as cansaoap cablac m6p"bo beanaiii C051110, a great fleet came to maketear'' (noni. C05U&, war, yen. coguib) ; Oo liulleabcloinne Lip, "to kill the children <strong>of</strong> Lir."16. A noun or pronoun which is the object <strong>of</strong> atransitive verb in the infinitive mood <strong>of</strong>ten precedesthe verb, and in this case it is (not in thegenitive, as in the last rule, but) in the accusative;as, a^up lpeao Oo 51110b, bd cuaille bo Cup 10-culliiamagup ceann an c-pndice bo ceun^at t)a 50ccuuillebiob, a^up ubullbo cup aip lhuLlac cuuilloaca, "and it is what he used to do, two poles to putin the earth, and the end <strong>of</strong> a thread to tie to eachpolo <strong>of</strong> them, and an apple to put on the top <strong>of</strong> apolo <strong>of</strong> them."
CHAP. VII.]PREPOSITIONS. US17. The active participle<strong>of</strong> a transitive verbgoverns the noun which is the object <strong>of</strong> the action,in the genitive case; as 05 bpuicneab an 6ip," smelting the "gold" (lit. smelting <strong>of</strong> the gold") ;"bo bf an ^aooal po 05 munab pool, this G-aodhal"was teaching schools" (lit. teaching <strong>of</strong> schools");03 cocailc na caiman, " digging the ground."18. The verb ip in any <strong>of</strong> its forms expressed orunderstood, takes the accusative form <strong>of</strong> a personalpronoun as its nominative as; ipfceaopaobpomge pe peancup, "it is the opinion <strong>of</strong> somehistorians;" ip mic pig 50 pfpinneac iat>, "theyare truly sons <strong>of</strong> a king ;" a^up piappaigeap anpig cia h-iao p6m, "and the king asks who they(are)."19. The verb ip is very <strong>of</strong>ten omitted, especiallyin negative and interrogative sentences, and inanswers to questions as beaca an pcapai&e;pfpmne, "truth (is) the food <strong>of</strong> the historian;"ceann tHnapmuOa Ui T)huibne an ceann uo," that head (is) the head <strong>of</strong> Diarmaid O'Duibhne ;"cio cupa? mipi lollan, " who (art) thou ? I (am)Iollan;" an pfop pin, "whether (is) that true?nf" mipi, (it is) not I."20. A verb in the passive voice takes theaccusative form <strong>of</strong> a personal prononn as itsnominative; as t>6ancap 6, it is done; buailceap laDtheyare struckĊHAPTEEVII.PREPOSITIONS.1. A simple preposition governs the dative (includingthe ablative, for which there is no distinct
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PB1223v;35G1896kGRAMMAR80> TM«AAUS
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A GRAMMARIRISHOF THELANGUAGEBYP. W,
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J89«miPEEFACE.Though this text-boo
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CONTENTS,PART I.ORTHOGRAPHY.CHAPTER
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CONTENTS.VUrAareCHAPTER V.—THE VE
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SCHOOLIRISH GRAMMAR.PART I.ORTHOGRA
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CHAP. I. jsounds;table of sounds.
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CHAP. I.J80UNDS. 5like ea in hear;
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CHAP. I.] SOUNDS. 7ry-arh; laoap, a
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CHAP. II.]LETTER CHANGES.broad have
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CHAP. II.]LETTER CHANGES. 1 Iand th
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CHAP. II.]LETTER CHANGES. 136. The
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|LETTERCHAP. II.CHANGES. 153. The s
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CHAP. I.JTHE ARTICLE. 17Very often
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CHAP. H."jTHE NOUN. 19as it is in l
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CHAP. H.]THE NOUN. 21and the ablati
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CHAP. II.]THE NOUN. 23neap c, stren
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C1TAP. II .JTIIE NOUN. 25seen in Oi
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CHAP. II.']1BE NOTO*. 2716. Those t
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CHAP.II.ITHE NOUN. 29caopa, a sheep
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CHAP. II.]THE NOUN. 312. Twelve typ
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CHAP. III. jTHE ADJECTIVE. 33Singul
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CHAP. III.]THE ADJECTIVE. 35Gn puip
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CHAP. III.]THE ADJECTIVE. 37Positiv
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CHAP. IY.]THE PRONOUN. 89beipc, for
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?.IV.J
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OHAP. IV.] THE PRONOUN. 43t)o, to.b
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IV THE PRONOUN. 452. The o of mo an
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CHAP. IV.JTHE PRONOUN. 4?the best f
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CHAP. V.] THE VERB. 493. This is wh
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CHAP. V.] THE VEKB. 51all the other
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OHAJP. V.JTHE VERB. 53Past.1. buail
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iCHAP. V.] THE VERB. 55Singular.Fut
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CHAT. V.J THE VERB. 57IiTDiciTivEMo
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'J TIIE VERB. 59(5.) "Nfop, not, fr
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