English - Convention on Biological Diversity

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Sri Lanka range from lowland, sub-montane and montane rainforests in the Wet Zone, to moist evergreen forests of theIntermediate Zone, dry mixed evergreen forests of the Dry Zone, and thorn forests of the Arid Zone (Figure 1.3). Atotal of 15 distinct floristic regions (Figure 1.4) have been recognised in the island by Ashton and Gunatilleke (1987).The island also contains several types of grasslands in the wet and dry areas, at low to high elevations. There areample wetlands associated with over a hundred major rivers that originate from the central mountains (Figure 1.5),and although there are no inland lakes, several thousand irrigation tanks and reservoirs dot the island (Figure 1.6)Together they provide habitats for a unique freshwater wetland fauna and flora,TABLE 1.1: Ecosystem Diversity of Sri LankaEcosystemsForest and related ecosystems• tropical wet lowland evergreen forest (lowland rain forest) +• tropical moist evergreen forest +• tropical dry mixed evergreen (monsoon) forest +• tropical thorn forest (Arid Zone)• riverine forest +• tropical sub montane forest +• tropical montane forest +• grasslands (wet pathana, dry pathana, savannah)Provisional extent (ha)141,506243,8861,090,981na22,43568,6163,108naInland wetland ecosystems• flood plains• swamps• streams and rivers• reservoirs and ponds• wet villu grasslands• wet montane grasslands wet patanasCoastal and marine ecosystems• mangroves **• salt marshes +• sand dunes and beaches +• mud flats• seagrass beds• lagoons and basin estuaries• coral reefs• coastal seasnana5,913,800179,790nana6,08023,81919,3949.754na158,017nanaAgricultural ecosystems• paddy lands x525,000• fruit cultivations +97,000• small crop holdings or other field crops (pulses, sesame etc)128,000• vegetables (including, root and tuber crops) ++110,000• crop plantations772,000• home gardens (cultivated) +367,800na• chena lands (slash and burn cultivation)Source: Statistical Compendium on Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development (2001) except for data from MOFE(1999) denoted by + ; data from MoENR, 2002 denoted by ++ ; data from CRMP Coastal Survey denoted by ** and data from CB, 2008denoted by xFourth National Report to the CBD: Sri Lanka 10
Figure 1.2: Major climatic zones based on rainfallSourse: Gap Analysis Report, MoENR, 2006Figure 1.3: Major climatic zones based on rainfallSourse: Gap Analysis Report, MoENR, 2006Figure 1.4: Floristic regionsSourse: Gap Analysis Report, MoENR, 2006Figure 1.5: Sri Lanka’s stream networkSourse: Gap Analysis Report, MoENR, 2006Figure 1.6: Sri Lanka’s irrigation tanks Sourse:Gap Analysis Report, MoENR, 2006Fourth National Report to the CBD: Sri Lanka 11
Page 1 and 2: Fourth Country Report from Sri Lank
Page 3: Cover photo credits•••• Gra
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 22.1 Introduction ……392
Page 8: List of figuresFigure 1.1 Map of Sr
Page 11 and 12: Baseline Biodiversity Survey (BBS)
Page 13 and 14: through skills building for reporti
Page 15: Chapter 11.1 IntroductionThis chapt
Page 21 and 22: Evolutionary significance of Sri La
Page 23 and 24: 1.3 Species diversity1.3.1 StatusSr
Page 25 and 26: .11 Coastal and marine ecosystemsTA
Page 27 and 28: wetland habitats (MALF, 1995; IUCN
Page 29 and 30: Dry monsoon forests (Figure 1.3) lo
Page 31 and 32: woody species and faunal diversity
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 1.7: Trends in detection of i
Page 35 and 36: Bank, 2008), and are distributed th
Page 37 and 38: salt marshes occur along the coast
Page 39 and 40: Sri Lanka also has a range of cerea
Page 41 and 42: TABLE 1.8: Germplasm Collection Sta
Page 43 and 44: Soil erosion is extremely high in t
Page 45 and 46: 1.8.5 Impact of changes in biodiver
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 22.1 IntroductionSri Lanka
Page 49: • The importance of Communication
Page 53 and 54: 2.2.5 Institutional arrangements fo
Page 55 and 56: problem for non-implementation of t
Page 57 and 58: Key threats Specific issue Statusco
Page 59 and 60: Key threats Specific issue StatusSp
Page 61 and 62: TABLE 2.2: Major donor funded proje
Page 63 and 64: Chapter 33.1 IntroductionThe Confer
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laws concerning access to genetic r
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TABLE 3.3: Integration of biodivers
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Area of purviewPolicies / plans/ la
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Overall, biodiversity consideration
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SectorInstitutions, mandates and na
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Planning and policydevelopmentMonit
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oth western and traditional (i.e. A
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the need for a mechanism to impleme
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Stockholm Convention</stron
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Chapter 44.1 Introduction4.1.1 The
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4.2.4. Evaluation of achieving targ
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for declaration of PAs, and adoptio
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• Programmes for ex-situ conserva
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The crop wild relatives projectThe
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WetlandsUnder the Wetland Conservat
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active in detecting such illegal ex
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ecause of anthropogenic factors suc
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• Systematic gathering of atmosph
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egion for over a week (Arulpragrasa
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FOCAL AREA: MAINTAIN GOODS AND SERV
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FisheriesThe national marine fisher
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• Health and well being of rural
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• The MoENR has formulated a nati
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4.3 Impact of NBSAPs and related se
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Strategic goalsScale ofagreementSri
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Strategic goalsScale ofagreementSri
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Ministry of Environment & Natural R
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Appendix II - Further sources of in
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62. Fernando, N. (1997) A Personnal
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133. MoENR, 2007b. The Thematic Ass
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Appendix IIIProgress towards Target
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.2.1 Protected Areas under the DWLC
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National Target (NCSA 3 5.7, 2007)I
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disturbance by over-visitation and
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PoWPA Target: By 2008, sufficient f
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Project (2001-2008)Other Policies,
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There is no overall policy to guide
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The ADB funded Forest Resources Man
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Status of actions taken/in progress
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The Community Participation Project
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B.4.8 PoWPA Goal 3.2 - To build cap
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B.5 Overview of obstacles for imple
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English - Convention on Biological Diversity

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