Advanced Calibration Techniques for VNAs

Benefits of Data-Based Standards• Increased accuracy of calibration compared to using polynomialmodels, especially for frequencies > 50 GHz• Eliminates the necessity of fitting the calibration standard’sresponse to a limited set of low-order models Delay– Not restricted to “coax” or “waveguide” models– Account for any type of dispersion– Great for on-wafer, microstrip, coplanar, etc.• Makes it easy to use characterized devices during calibration– No longer need to assume perfect standards (like abroadband load)– Use of a characterized load retains ease-of-use of abroadband-load SOLT calibration while significantlyimproving accuracy• Can include accuracy data for expanded mathfAdvanced VNA Calibration© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2006 Page M6- 35