Annual Report 2001-2002

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NRI Annual Research Report 2001-2002Project Title:Design and Engineering of Distributed Control Systems (DCS) fora Typical Thermal Power PlantDepartment: Computer Systems Project Manager: H. MansouriContractor: Energy Research Plan Project Code: PCOPT01Project Staff: M. Mirian, B.Akhbari, Sh. Olamazadeh, A. Khayati, A. NajafizadehSummary:Computers were first used in industrial plants not as controllers but as monitors and dataloggers, it was dream of every control engineer to bypass the analog controllers so thatthe computer itself does the control job. This became true by using large computers forcontrolling and monitoring of large plants. However, this approach had some drawbacksand troubles, the most important of them was lack of reliability. This led to using smalldigital controllers locally instead of a centralized big computer for controlling of totalplant in control room. At 1969, first Distributed Control System (DCS) was made. Thissystem solved problem of reliability in two ways. First, each local control unitcontrolled only a few process loops; thus, any single failure involved only those fewloops. Second, a digital backup capability was developed, that is, backup computersystems were included to take over duties of any failed components. Using reliable andfast data communication for monitoring and controlling of large-scale processes in DCSis accepted technically and economically. Data communication media is used fordifferent levels of automation in a hierarchical architecture control system which hasmade the most level of automation that anyone could suppose. Digital controltechnology, microelectronics, and digital data communication are rapidly evolvingfields. Therefore, DCS that uses all of these items is evolving rapidly too. Design,implementation and engineering of these systems involves good knowledge of advancedcomputer systems, real time control systems, reliable systems, real time networktechnology, real time operating systems, reliable application software and humanmachine interface. So understanding and using these systems properly is complicated.One of the most important plants that DCS can be used in it, are power plants and inIran, thermal power plants. There are few installation of power plants around Iran thatmanufacturers like Siemens and ABB have used DCS as the main control andmonitoring system, and number of these installations are growing up more.The main objectives could be divided in four categories:1- Getting knowledge about DCS for right selection and also engineering, designing andimplementing of these systems.2- Designing a DCS suitable for a typical thermal power plant.3- Selecting a thermal power plant and applying the designed DCS for it.4- Comparing designed DCS with current control and protection system in selectedpower plant52
NRI Annual Research Report 2001-2002−Project Results:Getting technical knowledge in designing advanced and widespread controlsystems for controlling and monitoring Thermal Power PlantsAcquiring criteria for choosing and comparison different widespread controlsystems for Thermal Power Plants.Designing a DCS suitable for Montazar Ghaem combined cycled powerplant.Project Documentation:Computer Systems Department; The reports of 1-8 parts of “History andSpecifications of Hardwares, Softwares and Networks, Elementary and detaileddesign, Comparison and integration of Distributed Control Systems”; Power SystemControl & Dispatching Research Center; NRI53
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Annual Report 2001-2002

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