Tuolumne River Report - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

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TUOLUMNE RIVER TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEEHABITAT RESTORATION PLAN FOR THE LOWER TUOLUMNE RIVER CORRIDORCHAPTER 3The transect sampling sites were located at:• Basso Bridge transect (RM 47.0 in Reach 7),0.5 miles downstream of Basso Bridge, (Figure3-33).• Santa Fe transect (RM 22.5 in Reach 3), 0.3mile upstream of Santa Fe Bridge at LakewoodMemorial Park (Figure 3-34).• Confluence transect (RM 0.5 in Reach 1), 0.5miles upstream of the confluence with the SanJoaquin River on the USFWS National WildlifeRefuge (Figure 3-35).Each transect was established perpendicular tohigh flow direction. Vegetation was sampledwithin a 10 ft band upstream and downstream ofthe transect. Transect sampling included measurementsof stand age, diameter and tree heightsgreater than 6 inches breast height diameter(DBH), and species. Voucher specimens ofcommon native riparian and exotic hardwoodswere collected and have been archived by TIDand Fresno State University. The Confluencetransect was surveyed to 1929 NGVD as establishedby the Department of Water Resourcesduring their 1997 flood elevation surveys. Theother two transects used a relative datum of100.00' on the upper left bank transect headpin.Water surface elevation, flood debris elevation,and certain individuals trees and plants weresurveyed.One task was to associate riparian stand characteristicswith discharges that inundated distinctgeomorphic surfaces. We used flood debris, highflow water surface profiles, and U.S. GeologicalService discharge rating tables from the closestgage to quantify the stage and discharge forinundation. For the Basso Bridge transect, weused the La Grange gage (USGS Station # 11-289650) and our Basso Bridge water surfaceprofile survey (5,400 cfs); for the Santa Fetransect and the Confluence transect, we used theModesto gage (USGS Station # 11-290000),although water surface at the confluence transectis often governed by flows in the San JoaquinRiver.Basso Bridge Transect (RM 46.0)We chose the Basso Bridge transect because ofrelic pre-NDPP, valley oak, and Fremont cottonwoodstands on both banks and because weobserved some post-NDPP cottonwood and valleyoak regeneration (Figure 3-36 and 3-37). Miningactivities prior to the 1937 aerial photo seriesremoved all riparian vegetation on the left bank butavoided a few valley oaks on the right bank. By the1950 photo series, riparian vegetation was recoveringfrom mining. Cottonwood and valley oakstands were evident on aerial photographs. In thelate 1960's the left bank was excavated to near apost-NDPP floodplain elevation (a 5,400 cfswater surface and 2.5 year flood) for NDPPconstruction, and removal of left bank dredgertailings avoided most mature riparian vegetation.Riparian vegetation along this transect consists ofFremont cottonwoods, valley oak, and narrow-leafwillow series. Mature Fremont cottonwoods sitatop "islands" left when the dredger tailings wereremoved around the cottonwoods on the left bank(Figure 3-36). Valley oaks and cottonwoods areregenerating on the new "floodplain" surface onthe left bank; however, the right bank is heavilygrazed, preventing riparian hardwood regenerationeven though it is at an elevation approximating apost-NDPP floodplain. The mature valley oak andcottonwood stands on this transect are veryhealthy. The valley oak canopy is contiguous andhas approximately 60% canopy closure (Figure 3-37), but mature cottonwoods are not closeenough to each other to form a contiguous andclosed canopy.The rooting elevations for valley oak and cottonwoodsof different cohorts (pre- versus post-NDPPestablishment) shows that pre-NDPP cottonwoodsinitiated on pre-NDPP floodplain surfaces(inundated by 8,400 cfs, a 1.5 year recurrencepost-NDPP flood) (Figure 3-36). Post-NDPPcottonwoods initiated between the 5,600 cfs watersurface elevation and the 8,000 cfs water surface,which are 2.7 year and 5.6 year post-NDPP floodsrespectively. Channel migration does not occur inthis reach due to riparian encroachment andreduced high flow regime, and post-NDPP"floodplain" surfaces are not fluvially formed (butare excavated surfaces). Therefore, post-NDPPriparian regeneration is occurring on a artificiallyconstructed surface, which happens to inundateduring floods slightly larger than the 1.5 yearflood. Valley oaks, regardless of cohort, appear toregenerate at a variety of elevations above the5,600 cfs water surface elevation.Santa Fe Transect (RM 22.5)We chose the Santa Fe transect because of a largestand (4.25 acres) of mature Fremont cottonwoodson a pre-NDPP floodplain on the south130
GEOMORPHIC AND RIPARIAN INVESTIGATIONSTuolumne RiverFlowHWY132LAKEROADBASSO BRTRANSECTCHAPTER 3NFigure 3-33. Basso Bridge vegetation transect location (RM 47.0), shownon 1993 aerial photograph (approximate scale: 1” = 350’).bank, and because valley oaks and cottonwoodsare regenerating on a newly forming floodplain(Figures 3-34, 3-38, 3-39, and 3-40). The 1937and 1950 air photos show an orchard on the southbank floodplain; 1963 and 1974 photos show theorchard had been removed. At some pointbetween 1963 and 1974, a series of events(predicated on the fallowing old orchard)produced a successful cohort of cottonwoodsto establish. The transect shows the pattern ofpre- and post-NDPP riparian regeneration,species composition, stand structure, andcanopy architecture because it is one of the fewsites where the reduced hydrologic regime hasformed post-NDPP floodplains and the riparian131
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Habitat Restoration Plan for theLow
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TUOLUMNE RIVER TECHNICAL ADVISORY C
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CHAPTER 226Table 2-5. Revised minim
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CHAPTER 2TUOLUMNE RIVER TECHNICAL A
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CHAPTER 2TUOLUMNE RIVER TECHNICAL A
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Page 124 and 125: CHAPTER 3100Elevation (ft)110105100
Page 128 and 129: CHAPTER 3104Elevation (ft)195190185
Page 132 and 133: CHAPTER 3108Table 3-8. Wy 1970-1997
Page 158 and 159: 134Relative elevation (ft)140130120
Page 160 and 161: CHAPTER 3136Relative elevation (ft)
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Page 196 and 197: ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENTmonitoring progr
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Page 202 and 203: REFERENCESREFERENCESAlderdice, D. F
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REFERENCESKjelson, M. A., P. F. Raq
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REFERENCESTID (Turlock Irrigation D
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APPENDIX AAPPENDIX AANNUAL HYDROGRA
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APPENDIX BAPPENDIX BTUOLUMNE RIVER
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VEGETATION SERIESNATURAL DIVERSITY
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VEGETATION SERIESNATURAL DIVERSITY
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Nature Conservancy Heritage Program
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215Scientific Name Common Name Loca
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APPENDIX BAPPENDIX B217
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Tuolumne River Report - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

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