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6 Command file: Specifying the terms in the mixed model 92Alphabetic list of model functions and descriptionsmodel functionactionNewat(f,n)@(f,n)at(f)@(f)at(f,m,n)@(f,m,n)cos(v,r)con(f)c(f)fac(v)fac(v,y)giv(f,n)g(f,n)defines a binary variable which is 1 if the factor f has level n for therecord. For example, to fit a row factor only for site 3, use the expressionat(site,3).row.. The string @( is equivalent to at( for this function.at(f) is expanded to a series of terms like at(f,i) where i takes thevalues 01 to the number of levels of factor f. Since this command isinterpreted before the data is read, it is necessary to declare the numberof levels correctly in the field definition. This extended form may onlybe used as the first term in an interaction.at(f,i,j,k) is expanded to a series of terms at(f,i) at(f,j)at(f,k). Similarly, at(f,i).X at(f,j).X at(f,k).X can be written asat(f,i,j,k).X provided at(f,i,j,k) is written as the first componentof the interaction. Any number of levels may be listed.forms cosine from v with period r. Omit r if v is radians. If v is degrees,r is 360.apply sum to zero constraints to factor f. It is not appropriate for randomfactors and fixed factors with missing cells. ASReml assumes you specifythe correct number of levels for each factor. The formal effect of thecon() function is to form a model term with the highest level formallyequal to minus the sum of the preceding terms.With sum to zero constraints, a missing treatment level will generate asingularity but in the first coefficient rather than in the coefficient correspondingto the missing treatment. In this case, the coefficients will notbe readily interpretable. When interacting constrained factors, all cellsin the cross-tabulation should have data.fac(v) forms a factor with a level for each value of x and any additionalpoints inserted as discussed with the qualifiers !PPOINTS and !PVAL.fac(v,y) forms a factor with a level for each combination of values fromv and y. The values are reported in the .res file.associates the nth .giv G-inverse with the factor. This is used whenthere is a known (except for scale) G-structure other than the additiveinverse genetic relationship matrix. The G-inverse is supplied in a filewhose name has the file extension .giv described in Section 9.6