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5 Command file: Reading the data 605.7 Data file qualifiersTable 5.2 lists the qualifiers relating to data input. Use the Index to check forexamples or further discussion of these qualifiers.Table 5.2: Qualifiers relating to data input and outputqualifieractionFrequently used data file qualifier!SKIP nOther data file qualifierscauses the first n records of the (non-binary) data file to beignored. Typically these lines contain column headings forthe data fields.!CSV!FILTER v !SELECT nused to make consecutive commas imply a missing value; this,is automatically set if the file name ends with .csv or .CSV(see Section 4.2)enables a subset of the data to be analysed; v is the numberor name of a data field. When reading data, the value infield v is checked after any transformations are performed. If!select is omitted, records with zero in field v are omittedfrom the analysis. Otherwise, records with n in field v areretained and all other records are omitted. Warning If thefilter column contains a missing value, the value from theprevious non-missing record is assumed in that position.!FORMAT s supplies a Fortran like FORMAT statement for reading fixed formatfiles. A simple example is !FORMAT(3I4,5F6.2) whichreads 3 integer fields and 5 floating point fields from the first42 characters of each data line. A format statement is enclosedin parentheses and may include 1 level of nested parentheses,for example, e.g. !FORMAT(4x,3(I4,f8.2)). Fielddescriptors are• rX to skip r character positions,• rAw to define r consecutive fields of w characters width,• rIw to define r consecutive fields of w characters width,and• rFw.d to define r consecutive fields of w characters width;d indicates where to insert the decimal point if it is notexplicitly present in the field,where r is an optional repeat count.In ASReml, the A and I field descriptors are treated identicallyand simply set the field width. Whether the field isinterpreted alphabetically or as a number is controlled by the!A qualifier.