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5 Command file: Reading the data 52(after transformation). ThusA B LagA !=V4 !V4=Areads two fields (A and B), and constructs LagA as the value of A from the previousrecord by extracting a value for LagA from working variable V4 before loading V4with the current value of A.Transformation syntaxTransformation qualifiers have one of six forms, namely!operator!operator value!operator V fieldto perform an operation on the current field,for example, !ABS to take absolute values,to perform an operation involving an argumenton the current field, for example, !+3to add 3 to all elements in the field,to perform an operation on the current fieldusing the data in another field, for example,!-V2 to subtract field 2 from the current field!V target to reset the focus for subsequent transformationsto field number target,!V target = value to change all of the data in a target field toa given value,!V target = V field to overwrite the data in a target field by thedata values of another field; a special case iswhen field is 0 instructing ASReml to put therecord number into the target field.• ! flags the presence of the transformation• operator is one of the symbols defined in Table 5.1,• value is the argument required by the transformation,• V is the literal character and is followed by the number (target or field) of adata field; the data field is used or modified depending on the context,• Vfield may be replaced by the label of the field if it already has a label,• in the first three forms the operation is performed on the current field; thiswill be the field associated with the label unless the focus has been reset byspecifying a new target in a preceding transformation,• the next three forms change the focus for subsequent transformations to thefield target,