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9 Command file: Genetic analysis 155The .giv file can be associated with a factor in two ways:• the first is to declare a G structure for the model term and to refer to the .givfile with the corresponding identifier GIV1, GIV2, GIV3, · · ·, ; for example,animal 1animal 0 GIV1 0.12for a one-dimensional structure put the scale parameter(0.12 in this case) after the GIVg identifier,site.variety 2site 0 CORUH 0.58*1.5variety 0 GIV1for a two-dimensional structure.• the second is for one-dimensional structures; in this case the .giv structurecan be directly associated with the term using the giv(f,i) model functionwhich associates the ith .giv file with factor f, for example,giv(animal,1) 0.12is equivalent to the first of the preceding examples.The example continuedBelow is an extension of harvey.as to use harvey.giv which is partly shown tothe right. This G inverse matrix is an identity matrix of order 74 scaled by 0.5,that is, 0.5I 74. This model is simply an example which is easy to verify. Notethat harvey.giv is specified on the line immediately preceding harvey.dat.Model term specification associating the harvey.giv structure to the coding ofsire takes precedence over the relationship matrix structure implied by the !Pqualifier for sire. In this case, the !P is being used to amalgamate animals andsires into a single list.command fileGIV file exampleanimal !Psire !Pdamlines 2damageadailygainharvey.ped !ALPHAharvey.giv # giv structure fileharvey.datadailygain ∼ mu line, !r giv(sire,1) .25.giv file01 01 .502 02 .503 03 .504 04 .505 05 .5...72 72 .573 73 .574 74 .5