St. Mary's College of Maryland Preservation Master Plan

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St. Mary’s College of MarylandPreservation Master PlanHistoric St. Mary’s City February 2008preservation CONTEXTThe purpose of the Preservation Master Plan is to assist theCollege, City, and Church in preserving and protecting thehistoric integrity of resources which symbolize the history andevolution of religion, politics, and development in Maryland.The legacy of colonial Maryland lives on in St. Mary’s Cityand is reflected in the buildings and landscapes withinthe project study area. Preserving those resources todayensures future generations will also have the opportunityto enjoy those resources and that the history of the studyarea will continue to live on, even as it may also continue tochange and evolve.This section is intended to provide a basis for understandingthe Preservation Master Plan for St. Mary’s College ofMaryland. Understanding the history of preservation atSt. Mary’s City and how it has evolved and contributedto the changes associated with resources will help to laythe framework for later recommendations and guidelines.Understanding the basic principles of good preservationpractice , known as the Secretary of the Interior’s Standardsfor the Treatment of Historic Properties, will provide decisionmakerswith the tools necessary to make sensitive andinformed decisions. Understanding the intent and meaningof different preservation treatments will assist decisionmakersin treating historic resources in an appropriatemanner.The Secretary of the Interior’s StandardsThe Secretary of the Interior established the Standardsfor the Treatment of Historic Properties (Standards) aspart of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. TheStandards provide a philosophical framework to promoteresponsible preservation practices and are intended tohelp inform communities, institutions, and individualsabout professional standards for historic preservation. Itis recognized that all preservation efforts, whether throughthe federal government, a local government, or throughprivate efforts, can be informed and enhanced by use ofthe Standards. Because they articulate the basic underlyingprinciples that are fundamental to historic preservation,they are often incorporated into preservation plans, zoningordinances, and regulations that govern historic districts orproperties.The Standards were intentionally written to be broad so thatthey can be applied to virtually all types of historic resources,including buildings, landscapes, roadways, structures,objects, and archeological sites. The intent of the StandardsPage 1-9
St. Mary’s College of MarylandPreservation Master PlanHistoric St. Mary’s City February 2008Page 1-10is to assist in the long-term preservation of a building, site, orresource. However, the Standards are general in character,and not principles which can be used to make decisionsabout what features of any specific building, landscape, orsite should be saved or replaced. Case-by-case decisionsrequire additional direction which goes above and beyondthe framework provided in the Standards; it is best to lookat the Standards as an approach to sensible preservationplanning, not as the only solution. Although updated fromtime to time, the basic principles of the Standards haveremained consistent and are a testament to the soundnessof their language (Weeks and Grimmer 1995).The specific language of the Standards can be found inthe United States Department of the Interior, National ParkService, 36 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations), Part 67.Hard copies of the document are available as publicationsdistributed by the United States Department of the Interior,National Park Service or online at http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/tps/tax/rhb/stand.htm.The philosophy behind the recommendations and treatmentguidelines for buildings and landscapes included in thePreservation Master Plan for St. Mary’s College is based onthe Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation,which are a component of the Standards for the Treatment ofHistoric Properties. Because the Standards are applicable toanticipated projects at St. Mary’s College, Trinity Church, andthe State House, they have been used as the philosophicalframework for this document.The ten preservation principles which comprise theStandards for Rehabilitation are identified below. To assistusers of this document in understanding the standards, theyare followed by a short discussion of how the standard shouldbe interpreted when undertaking a historic preservationproject.Standard 1A property shall be used for its historic purpose or be placedin a new use that requires minimal change to the definingcharacteristics of the building and its site and environment.Standard 1 encourages property owners and decisionmakersto consider and find uses for historic sites thatenhance the historic character, not detract from it. Thisstandard is directly applicable to reuse projects and advisesthat such projects should be carefully planned to minimizeadverse impacts to the historic character. Destruction ofcharacter-defining features should be avoided.
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