October 15-19 2008, La Valetta, pp. 81-87.Skov Ch., Aarestrup K., Baktoft H., Brodersen J., Bronmark Ch., Hansson L-A., Nielsen E.E., NielsenT., "Influences of environmental cues, migration history, and habitat familiarity on partialmigration", Behavioral Ecology, 2010.Smith C., Kniveton D.R., Wood S., Black R., "Climate Change and Migration: A ModellingApproach", Advances in Global Change Research, vol. 43, 2011, pp. 179-201.Smith S.K., McCarty Ch., "Demographic Effects of Natural Disasters: A Case Study of HurricaneAndrew", Demography, vol. 33, no. 2, 1996, pp. 265-275.Smith P.J., "Climate Change, Mass Migration and the Military Response", Orbis, vol. 51, no. 4, 2007,pp. 617-633.Smyk M., “Environmental Migrants: The Neglected Refugee of the 21st century”, Columbia PoliticalReview, October 2010, http://www.cpreview.org/2010/10/environmental-migrants/Soons A.H.A. 990). The Effects of a Rising Sea Level on Maritime Limits and Boundaries”,Netherlands International Law Review 37(2): 207-223.Sovacool B.K., "Perspectives of climate change risks and resilient island planning in the Maldives",Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, November 2011.Sowers J., Vengosh A., Weinthal E., "Climate change, water resources, and the politics of adaptation inthe Middle East and North Africa", Climatic Change, vol. 104, no. 3-4, 2010, pp. 599-627.Söderbergh C., "Environmental Justice and the Rights of Ecological Refugees", Climate andDevelopment, vol. 2, no. 3, 2010, pp. 295-298.Sparemberger R.F., Vergani V., "Migração, Vulnerabilidade E (in) Justiça Ambiental: Desafios ePerspectivas", Revista de dreito, no. 33, Janeiro/Juhno 2010, pp. 130-147.Spear S., "Refugees Escape Ravages of Climate Change", Journal of Environmental Health, vol. 66,no. 1, 2003, pp. 38.Stal C., "Flooding and Relocation: The Zambezi River Valley in Mozambique", InternationalMigration, vol. 49, 2011, pp. 125-145.Star C., "Climate justice campaigns and environmental refugees" [in] Ecopolitics XV: EnvironmentalGovernance: Transforming Regions and Localities, Macquarie University, Sydney, 12-14November 2004.Stavropoulou M., "Indigenous Peoples Displaced from Their Environment: Is There AdequateProtection", Colorado journal of International Environmental Law and Policy, no. 5, 1994, pp.104.Stavropoulou M., "Drowned in definitions", Forced Migration Review, issue 31 (Climate change anddisplacement), October 2008, pp. 11-13.
Stephenson J., "Population dynamics and climate change: what are the links?", Journal of PublicHealth, vol. 32, no. 2, 2010, pp. 150-156.Stiles D., "Linkages between dryland degradation and migration. A methodology", DesertificationControl Bulletin, 1997, pp. 9-18.Stoett P., "Redefining `environmental refugees` Canada and the UNHCR", Canadian Foreign PolicyJournal, vol. 2, no. 3, 1994, pp. 29-42.Stojanov R., "Environmental Refugees- Introduction", Geographica, vol. 38, 2004, pp. 77-98.Stojanov R., Novosák J., "Environmental Migration in China", Geographica, vol. 39, 2006, pp. 65-82.Stone D., "Asking the right question", Forced Migration Review, issue 31 (Climate change anddisplacement), October 2008, pp. 42-44.Suhrke A., "Environmental Degradation and Population Flows", Journal of International Affairs, vol.47, 1994, pp. 473-96.Suhrke A., Visentin A., "The Environmental Refugee: A New Approach", Ecodecision, no. 2, 1991, pp.73-84.Svart L.M., "Environmental Preference Migration: A Review", Geographical Reviewvol. 66, no. 3, 1976, pp. 314-330.Swain A., "Environmental migration and conflict dynamics: focus on developing regions", ThirdWorld Quarterly, vol. 17, no. 55, pp. 959-973.Swain A., "Displacing the Conflict: Environmental Destruction in Bangladesh and Ethnic Conflict inIndia", Journal of Peace Research, vol. 33, no. 2, 1996, pp. 189-204.Tacoli C., "Crisis or adaptation? Migration and climate change in a context of high mobility",Environment and Urbanization, vol. 21, no. 2, 2009, pp. 513-525.Tan Y., Guo F., "Environmental Concerns and Population <strong>Displacement</strong> in West China", Paperthpresented at the 8 APMRN Conference, 26-29 May, 2007, Fuzhou, China.Taylor P.S., Vasey T., "Drought Refugee and Labor Migration to California, June-December 1935",Monthly Labor Review, 1936.Tanno de Souza R.K., "História da imigração japonesa: uma contribuição à compreensão dos fatoresambientais na produção das doenças crônico-degenerativas", Ciência, Cuidado e Saúde, vol. 1,no. 1, 2002.Tellier S., Calballo M., “Migration, Climate, and Health”, Uqueskr Laeger, 26 Oct 2009, vol. 171, no.44, pp. 3191-3194.Thomas S.L., Thomas S.D.M., "<strong>Displacement</strong> and Health", British Medical Bulletin, vol. 69, no. 1,2004, pp. 115-127.
- Page 4 and 5:
TABLE OF CONTENTSIntroduction .....
- Page 6 and 7:
whole population in developing coun
- Page 10:
PART ONE:ENVIRONMENTALLY-INDUCED DI
- Page 16:
climate change 19 . As noticed by M
- Page 19 and 20:
(catastrophes) as one of the prereq
- Page 21 and 22:
esidence refers to the environmenta
- Page 23 and 24:
early 20th century. Of particular i
- Page 25 and 26:
According to Graeme Hugo, environme
- Page 27 and 28:
Climate Change uses the term “for
- Page 31 and 32:
In 1988, Jodi Jacobson from Worldwa
- Page 33 and 34:
According to Norman Myers, environm
- Page 35 and 36:
Some authors linked the phenomenon
- Page 37 and 38:
of the problem is to adopt a conven
- Page 39 and 40:
to detach the general category of e
- Page 41 and 42:
and “environmental refugees”),
- Page 43 and 44:
etween two categories of resettleme
- Page 45 and 46:
nearly a million victims) 85 .Reaso
- Page 47 and 48:
areas of Africa (e.g. Sudan, Chad,
- Page 49 and 50:
disasters. Every year, floods lead
- Page 51 and 52:
damage to the country’s most impo
- Page 53 and 54:
international organisations for sev
- Page 55 and 56:
PART TWO:THE MOST COMMON CAUSES OFE
- Page 57 and 58:
OECD General Typology of Natural Di
- Page 59 and 60:
The Classification of TheCauses of
- Page 61 and 62:
(with a coast equal to or lower tha
- Page 63 and 64:
continues to be a major problem fac
- Page 65 and 66:
killed), Gujarat in India in 2001 (
- Page 67 and 68:
take diverse in nature. Very often
- Page 69 and 70:
the hurricane (368,000 were displac
- Page 71 and 72:
that irreversible consequences of f
- Page 73 and 74:
areas of the world continue to cons
- Page 75:
Studies undertaken on that issue, o
- Page 78 and 79:
the author) is thus of a brief char
- Page 80 and 81:
Middle East, and North and Central
- Page 82 and 83:
London, 2000.Cubides F., Domínguez
- Page 84 and 85: Measures of Equalization?, Grinn Ve
- Page 86 and 87: Werner D. (ed.), Biological resourc
- Page 88 and 89: Springer, Berlin, 2003, pp. 35-145.
- Page 90 and 91: Enarson E., "A Gendered Human Right
- Page 92 and 93: Faso & Presses universitaires de Ou
- Page 94 and 95: Institute of Policy Studies, School
- Page 96 and 97: San Marco P., “Migrations transsa
- Page 98 and 99: for the world economy, Edward Elgar
- Page 100 and 101: Aung T., Singh A., Prasad A., "Sea
- Page 102 and 103: 1989, pp. 73-75.Black R., "Fifty Ye
- Page 104 and 105: 2006, pp. 247-252.Byravan S., Rajan
- Page 106 and 107: Chinedu U.O., "Internal displacemen
- Page 108 and 109: vol. 20), 2004, pp. 201-229.Curran
- Page 110 and 111: Dun O., "Migration and Displacement
- Page 112 and 113: Académica de Relaciones Internacio
- Page 114 and 115: Hammer T., "Desertification and Mig
- Page 116 and 117: 41, no. 5, 1998, pp. 449-472.Hugo G
- Page 118 and 119: International Environmental Law Rev
- Page 120 and 121: Leimgruber W., "Values, Migration,
- Page 122 and 123: Journal of Trauma and Emergency Sur
- Page 124 and 125: Millar I., "There's No Place Like H
- Page 126 and 127: Mouat D., "Desertification and soci
- Page 128 and 129: Ollitrault S., "De la sauvegarde de
- Page 130 and 131: Piantoni F., "Les recompositions te
- Page 132 and 133: Risse M., "The Right to Relocation:
- Page 136 and 137: Thomas D.S.G., Twyman C., "Equity a
- Page 138 and 139: Webb A.P., Kench P.S., "The dynamic
- Page 140 and 141: Practicing Anthropology, vol. 13, n
- Page 142 and 143: Studies Centre, 2008.Boland S., Dol
- Page 144 and 145: Hoc Working Group on Long-Term Coop
- Page 146 and 147: Flintan F., "Environmental Refugees
- Page 148 and 149: Workshop on Migration and the Envir
- Page 150 and 151: 65.Leighton Schwartz M., Hanson H.,
- Page 152 and 153: Paper), Refugee Studies Centre Oxfo
- Page 154 and 155: Oliver-Smith A. (ed.), Vulnerabilit
- Page 156 and 157: Siyaranamual M.D., Constructing the
- Page 158 and 159: Yenotani, M., Displacement due to N