Pobierz pełny numer 1/2010 S&E - Structure and Environment - Kielce

MICROCLIMATE IN A FLAT WITH ADDITIONAL AIR INTAKES500 – 1150 ppm. The very interesting phenomenonoccurred in all investigated flats. It was the alternatingcharacter of the stream of ventilating air in air grates.That implied, that ventilation and removing the airtook place through kitchen or bathroom air gates.Fig. 1. The diagram of the parameters of themicroclimate in selected flat with the air inflow throughthe ventilating ductTheir diameter was that of f 120 mm was proposed forthe improvement of the microclimate in consideredflats. The openings had to be made in the externalwalls to supply the external air. Also an aspiromatictype devices on the outlets of ventilating ducts wereinstalled. After the work was completed, the correctdirection of the air flow in all ventilating ductsoccurred again. Unfortunately, when the temperaturefell below 0°C, the occupants noticed both: cooling ofthe flats and too large speed of air inflow (the feelingof draught). Considering the inhabitants safety andcomfort of their living condition, the previous statewas restored. The additional openings in internalwalls facing the staircase and situated in the directproximity of gas stoves were made. This resulted inbetter ventilation. In that way, the air was initiallywarmed instead of flowing directly from outside.The diagram of the parameters of microclimate inone of the selected flats where the above solutionswere tested is shown in Figure 3. The analysis ofthis diagram shows, that there was the constantinternal temperature of +20 – +22°C. The relativehumidity did not exceed 65% which complied withcorresponding standards. Simultaneously, the carbondioxide concentration comprised on the level 700 –1500 ppm. At some points it goes beyond 2500 ppm.These are however temporary values, which do notinfluence the health or the mood of occupants.Fig. 2. The hourly diagram of microclimate’s parametersin selected flat, in which users stuck some air gratesHowever, the air inflow occurred mostly throughventilating duct in the bathroom. That was theresult of installing there two – functional stoves.They provided enough quantity of the air, necessaryfor gas combustion. This inflow was so large thatit made impossible using the bathroom and theoccupants stuck the inlets of ventilating ducts withfoil. An hourly diagram of parameters of the internalmicroclimate for such flat is presented in Figure 2.These conditions led to a large growth of carbondioxide concentration [up to the level of approx. 5000ppm]. Even during the night these values didn’t dropbelow the 2000 ppm. The relative air humidity grewup quickly. It ranged from 70% to 90%.To solve this problem in the investigated flats andto – simultaneously – improve the microclimateconditions, making additional openings was proposed.Fig. 3. Weekly diagram of microclimate’s parametersin selected flat, after installing additional inflow ductsbetween the flat and the staircase6. Analysis of the resultsObserved irregularities are the result of the limitedinflow of the external air to flats. The air inflow isindispensable for appropriate functioning of theventilation system. And, also for the proper gascombustion in heating devices and stoves. This49