Monitoring_Lynx-lynx-carpathicus

Recommendations

Info

2. Princípy monitoringu rysa / Principles of lynx monitoring________________________________________________________________________________________Killed livestock/Chance observations300250200150100500Dead lynxKilled livestockChance observations90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 081614121086420Dead lynxObr. 11. Porovnanie súborov dát zozbieranýchpre monitoring rysa. Všetky tri ukazujú ten istýdlhodobý trend, čo umožňuje interpretáciunárastu a potom poklesu početnosti rysa, hocitakáto interpretácia by mohla byť spochybnenána základe každého súboru dát samostatne.Fig. 11. Comparison of data sets compiled forlynx monitoring. All three show the same longtermtrend, which allows an interpretation ofincreasing, and then decreasing, lynx abundance,although such an interpretation could bechallenged based on each of the data sets alone.Obr. 12. Extrapolácia informácií odenzite/abundancii získaná na úrovnireferenčných území v rámci zóny pre veľkéšelmy a celej krajiny prostredníctvom náhodnýchpozorovaní (červené body) a vhodný habitat prerysa (identifikovaný pomocou modelinguhabitatu; Zimmermann 2004).Fig. 12. Extrapolation of density/abundanceinformation obtained at the level of referenceareas over the large carnivore compartments andthe whole country by means of chanceobservations (red dots) and suitable lynx habitat(as identified through habitat modelling;Zimmermann 2004).________________________________________________________________________________________Monitoring Lynx lynx carpathicus, Rigg & Kubala (2015) 26
2. Princípy monitoringu rysa / Principles of lynx monitoring________________________________________________________________________________________Stratified monitoring of lynx in Europe and SwitzerlandURS BREITENMOSER, CHRISTINE BREITENMOSER-WÜRSTEN,DANILO FORESTI & FRIDOLIN ZIMMERMANNKORA, Thunstrasse 31, CH 3074 Muri (Bern), Switzerland; u.breitenmoser@kora.ch1. Why monitoring?Monitoring is hereafter defined as the “continuousobservation of a population”, and it servesprimarily the following purposes:• To survey the conservation status of aspecies or its populations;• To observe (and adapt) the effect ofmanagement interventions or conservationmeasures (e.g. identify areas for preventionmeasures to protect livestock);• To fulfil reporting requirements (national,international; e.g. for the EU HabitatsDirective).For mammal populations, the followingfeatures and variables are typically observed in theframe of a monitoring programme:• Distribution (e.g. areas permanently occupiedversus areas sporadically occupied, or areaswith versus areas without reproduction);• Abundance (population size or number ofanimals in a given area) or density (numberof animals per unit area);• Population trends and dynamics (e.g. changeof density or distribution over time);• Health (prevalence of diseases, geneticstatus).Long-term monitoring of a species or apopulation is crucial for the design of sensibleconservation and management intervention, butallows also assessing the efficiency of suchmeasures and the adjustment of interventionswherever needed. Monitoring is consequently notindependent from the over-arching conservationplan or management goal. In the stricter sense ofthe term, “monitoring” is always done against apredicted value or a (quantitative) goal. The goal ofinterventions defines the target value and hencethe focus of the observations (e.g. distribution,population size, trend, or health and geneticstatus) and the methods to be applied.“Monitoring” is however often used for thecontinuous and unspecific observation of apopulation 1 , for example as a prerequisite formandatory reporting as required by national orinternational regulations (e.g. the six-year reportsfor the EU Habitats Directives).2. Principles of stratified monitoringPopulations of large carnivores such as theEurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) typically spread over largeareas of several countries and hence differentadministrative systems (von Arx et al. 2003). Thelarge size of the survey areas does not allowmonitoring all parts with the same intensity or thesame robust methods. Stratification of monitoringin space and time is most often the only way toestablish practical and achievable long-termmonitoring over large areas (Breitenmoser &Breitenmoser-Würsten 2008).The principle of stratified monitoring implies aspatial system of several levels of size of the “studyarea” and resolutions. At the largest scale (e.g.Europe), the methods applied are relatively simple;at the smallest scale (the Reference Area in thescheme below), methods are scientifically robust,1An initial observation of a population is also named a“survey”, a continued observation e.g. “surveillance”.________________________________________________________________________________________Monitoring Lynx lynx carpathicus, Rigg & Kubala (2015) 27
Page 1: Monitoring stavu karpatského rysav
Page 4 and 5: Vydané v rámci projektu Spolužit
Page 6 and 7: ___________________________________
Page 8 and 9: ___________________________________
Page 10 and 11: ___________________________________
Page 12 and 13: 1. Úvod / Introduction____________
Page 18 and 19: 2. Princípy monitoringu rysa / Pri
Page 34 and 35: ___________________________________
Page 36 and 37: 3. Výsledky zo západných Karpát
Page 64 and 65: 4. Posudzovanie zdravotného stavu
Page 78 and 79:
4. Posudzovanie zdravotného stavu
Page 80 and 81:
5. Osveta a zvýšenie povedomia /
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
___________________________________
Page 88 and 89:
Literatúra / Literature___________
Page 90 and 91:
1/1Morfologické dáta rysaRys ID:D
Page 92 and 93:
2/3Post-mortem vyšetrenie rysaMakr
Page 94 and 95:
1/6Pitva rysa - patologické vyšet
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
1/2Pitva rysa - zoznam vzoriekRys I
Page 102:
Monitoring stavu karpatského rysa
show all

Monitoring_Lynx-lynx-carpathicus

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?