Chemistry 155 Introduction to Instrumental Analytical Chemistry

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 4 of 3136.8 Factors That Control Δλ EFF ............................................................... 1256.9 Resolution Defined ........................................................................... 1266.10 Grating Resolution ......................................................................... 1276.11 Grating Resolution Exercise: .......................................................... 1286.12 High Resolution and Echelle Monochromators .............................. 1297 Photometric Issues in Atomic Spectroscopy .................................................. 1348 Practical aspects of atomic spectroscopy: ..................................................... 1488.1 Nebulization (sample introduction): .................................................. 1498.2 Atomization ...................................................................................... 1538.3 Flame Chemistry and Matrix Effects ................................................ 1548.4 Flame as ‘sample holder’: ................................................................ 1558.5 Optimal observation height: .............................................................. 1568.6 Flame Chemistry and Interferences: ................................................ 1578.7 Matrix adjustments in atomic spectroscopy: ..................................... 1589 Atomic Emission Spectroscopy ...................................................................... 1599.1 AAS / AES Review: .......................................................................... 1609.2 Types of AES: .................................................................................. 1619.3 Inert-Gas Plasma Properties (ICP,DCP) .......................................... 1629.4 Predominant Species are Ar, Ar + , and electrons .............................. 1629.5 Inductively Coupled Plasma AES: ICP-AES .................................. 1639.6 ICP Torches ..................................................................................... 1649.7 Atomization in Ar-ICP ....................................................................... 1659.8 Direct Current Plasma AES: DCP-AES ........................................... 1669.9 Advantages of Emission Methods .................................................... 1679.10 Accuracy and Precision in AES ...................................................... 16910 Ultraviolet-Visible and Near Infrared Absorption .......................................... 17410.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 17410.2 The Blank ....................................................................................... 17510.3 Theory of light absorbance ............................................................. 17610.4 Extinction Cross Section Exercise: ................................................. 17710.5 Limitations to Beer’s Law: .............................................................. 17910.6 Noise in Absorbance Calculations: ................................................. 18210.7 Deviations due to Shifting Equilibria: .............................................. 18310.8 Monochromator Slit Convolution in UV-Vis: ................................... 18610.9 UV-Vis Instrumentation: ................................................................. 18810.10 Single vs. double-beam instruments: ........................................... 18911 UV-Visible Spectroscopy of Molecules ........................................................ 19211.1 Spectral Assignments ..................................................................... 19311.2 Classification of Electronic Transitions ........................................... 19411.3 Spectral Peak Broadening .............................................................. 19511.4 Aromatic UV-Visible absorptions: ................................................... 19811.5 UV-Visible Bands of Aqeuous Transition Metal Ions ...................... 19911.6 Charge-Transfer Complexes .......................................................... 20211.7 Lanthanide and Actinide Ions: ........................................................ 20311.8 Photometric Titration ...................................................................... 20411.9 Multi-component Analyses: ............................................................ 205Page 4 of 313
Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 5 of 31312 Intro to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ........................................ 20812.1 Overview: ....................................................................................... 20912.2 IR Spectroscopy is Difficult! ............................................................ 21212.3 Monochromators Are Rarely Used in IR ......................................... 21312.4 Interferometers measure light field vs. time .................................... 21412.5 The Michelson interferometer: ........................................................ 21512.6 How is interferometry performed? .................................................. 21612.7 Signal Fluctuations for a Moving Mirror .......................................... 21712.8 Mono and polychromatic response ................................................ 21912.9 Interferograms are not informative: ................................................ 22012.10 Transforming time frequency domain signals: ......................... 22112.11 The Centerburst: .......................................................................... 22212.12 Time vs. frequency domain signals: ............................................. 22312.13 Advantages of Interferometry. ...................................................... 22412.14 Resolution in Interferometry ......................................................... 22512.15 Conclusions and Questions: ......................................................... 22912.16 Answers: ...................................................................................... 23013 Infrared Spectrometry: ................................................................................. 23113.1 Absorbance Bands Seen in the Infrared: ........................................ 23213.2 IR Selection Rules .......................................................................... 23313.3 Rotational Activity ........................................................................... 23513.4 Normal Modes of Vibration: ............................................................ 23613.5 Group frequencies: a pleasant fiction! ............................................ 23913.6 Summary: ....................................................................................... 24314 Infrared Spectrometry - Applications ............................................................ 24414.1 Strategies used to make IR spectrometry work - ............................ 24514.2 Solvents for IR spectroscopy: ......................................................... 24614.3 Handling of neat (pure – no solvent) liquids: .................................. 24614.4 Handling of solids: pelletizing: ........................................................ 24714.5 Handling of Solids: mulling: ............................................................ 24714.6 A general problem with pellets and mulls: ...................................... 24814.7 Group Frequencies Examples ........................................................ 24914.8 Fingerprint Examples ..................................................................... 25014.9 Diffuse Reflectance Methods: ........................................................ 25114.10 Quantitation of Diffuse Reflectance Spectra: ................................ 25214.11 Attenuated Total Reflection Spectra: ............................................ 25315 Raman Spectroscopy: .................................................................................. 25615.1 What a Raman Spectrum Looks Like ............................................. 25815.2 Quantum View of Raman Scattering. ............................................. 25915.3 Classical View of Raman Scattering .............................................. 26015.4 The classical model of Raman: ...................................................... 26215.5 The classical model: catastrophe! .................................................. 26315.6 Raman Activity: .............................................................................. 26415.7 Some general points regarding Raman: ......................................... 26615.8 Resonance Raman ........................................................................ 26815.9 Raman Exercises ........................................................................... 269Page 5 of 313
Page 1 and 2: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 1 of 313Chemis
Page 3: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 3 of 3131 Over
Page 7 and 8: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 7 of 3131 Over
Page 9 and 10: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 9 of 3131.1.2
Page 13 and 14: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 13 of 3131.3 V
Page 15 and 16: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 15 of 3131.5 S
Page 17 and 18: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 17 of 313Confi
Page 19: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 19 of 3131.5.4
Page 24 and 25: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 24 of 3131.7 V
Page 34 and 35: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 34 of 313See a
Page 36 and 37: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 36 of 3136. Yo
Page 38 and 39: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 38 of 3131.10.
Page 40 and 41: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 40 of 3134. Wh
Page 42 and 43: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 42 of 3137. Ho
Page 44 and 45: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 44 of 313In ge
Page 46 and 47: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 46 of 3131.13
Page 52 and 53: Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 52 of 3131.15
Page 54 and 55:
Chem 155 Unit 1 Page 54 of 3131.15.
Page 56 and 57:
Chem 155 Unit 2 Page 56 of 3132 Pro
Page 58 and 59:
Chem 155 Unit 2 Page 58 of 313error
Page 60 and 61:
Chem 155 Unit 2 Page 60 of 313For a
Page 62 and 63:
Chem 155 Unit 2 Page 62 of 313Obvio
Page 64:
Chem 155 Unit 2 Page 64 of 313The p
show all

Chemistry 155 Introduction to Instrumental Analytical Chemistry

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?