publications_unodc_commentary-e

problems and concerns and promoting a more cohesive and consistent approach tothe service throughout the judiciary.The judiciary should be responsible for judicial training204. While the State has a duty to provide the necessary resources and to meetthe costs, with the support of the international community if required, the judiciaryshould play a major role in, or itself be responsible for, organising and supervisingjudicial training. In each country, these responsibilities should be entrusted to thejudiciary itself or another independent body such as a judicial service commission,not to the ministry of justice or any other authority answerable to the legislature orthe executive. Judges’ associations can also play a valuable role in encouraging andfacilitating ongoing training opportunities for judges in office. Given thecomplexities of modern society, it can no longer be assumed that sitting in courtnearly every day will prepare the judge to deal optimally with all the problems thatmight arise. Technological changes in information systems have presented evenhighly experienced judges with the need for re-training and support opportunities,which they should be encouraged to acknowledge and accept.The training authority to be different from disciplinary or appointing authority205. In order to ensure a proper separation of roles, the authority that isresponsible for training judges should not be the same that disciplines or appointsand promotes them. Under the authority of the judiciary or other independent body,training should be entrusted to a special autonomous establishment with its ownbudget, which is thus able, in consultation with judges, to devise trainingprogrammes and ensure their implementation. It is important that the training becarried out by judges and experts in each discipline. Trainers should be chosen fromamong the best in their profession and carefully selected by the body responsible fortraining, taking into account their knowledge of the subjects being taught and theirteaching skills.136