tyf Enf=O=n]lgg

x'g]5 . t/ olb cfgf] nIo k|fKt ug{ xfdL ;kmn x'G5f}+ eg] / olb s'g} j:t';DaGwL xfd|f] wf/0ffn]To;l;t d]n vfG5 / xfdLx¿n] lng vf]h]sf] sfd To;af6 k"/f x'G5 eg] Tof] xb;Dd Tof] j:t' /To;sf u'0fx¿;DaGwL xfd|f] 1fg aflx/L jf:tljstfsf] cg's"n 5 eGg] kfsf] k|df0f xf] eg]/ xfdLx¿n]a'‰b5f}+ . clg, xfdLx¿n] xfl;n u/]sf] 1fgsf cfwf/df xfdLx¿n] u/]sf] sfd cw'/f] / ;txLvfn] lyof]jf c¿ 1fgsf kl/0ffdx¿;“u 7Lsl;t ldnfOPsf] lyPg — cyf{t\ xfdLx¿n] k|fozM eGg] u/]em}+ts{k4lt bf]ifk"0f{ lyof] eGg] xfdL a'‰b5f}+ . xfdLx¿n] cfgf OlGb|ox¿nfO{ cg'zfl;t /fVg] / ltgsf]k|of]u ug]{ s'/fdf ;ts{tf ckgfp“bf;Dd tyf cfgf] Jojxf/nfO{ ;d'lrt¿kaf6 k|fKt ul/Psf] /k|o'Qm ul/Psf] OlGb|ohGo 1fgåf/f lgwf{l/t ;Ldfleq /fVbf;Dd xfd|f] k|of]usf] kmnm:j¿k pQm s'/fl;4 x'G5, xfd|f] OlGb|ohGo 1fg OlGb|oåf/f pknAw ul/Psf] jf:tljs k|s[ltsf] cg's"n x'G5 .j}1flgs¿kaf6 lgolGqt xfd|f] OlGb|ohGo 1fgn] afx\Ø hutaf/] xfd|f] dgdf pTkGg ug]{ ljrf/x¿:jefjtM jf:tljstfsf k|lts"n 5g\ jf afx\Øhutaf/] xfd|f] OlGb|ohGo 1fgdf s'g} :jfefljs c;Ëlt5 eGg] lgisif{df k'Ugsf nflu xfdLn] Pp6} dfq klg pbfx/0f kfPgf}+ .t/ k'gM gjsfG6jfbL c1]ojfbLx¿ cfp“5g\ / ltgLx¿n] s] eGb5g\ eg] s'g} j:t'sf u'0fx¿sf];f“rf] 1fg x'g ;Sb5 t/ æc1]o j:t'ÆnfO{ s'g} klg OlGb|o;DaGwL / dfgl;s k|lqmofsf] dfWodaf6xfdLx¿n] a'‰g ;Sb}gf}+ . pQm æc1]o j:t'Æ -j:t' lgh ¿kdf_ xfd|f] 1fgeGbf aflx/ 5 . x]u]nn]w]/}klxn] g} To;sf] pQ/ lbPsf lyP . pgn] eg]sf lyP M æolb tkfO{+n] s'g} j:t'sf ;a} u'0fx¿hfGg'x'G5 eg] Tof] j:t' :jo+nfO{ klg hfGg'x'G5 . clg, km]l/ To;afx]s c¿ s'g} j:t' xfdLeGbf aflx/5 eGg] s'/f x'G5 t < cfgf OlGb|ox¿åf/f sfG6sf] ;'k|l;4 æc1]o j:t'Æ -Ding an sich_nfO{a'‰g'eof] eg] To;sf af“ls efux¿;d]t u|x0f ug'{eof] . sfG6sf] ;dodf k|fs[lts j:t'x¿sf] af/]dfxfd|f] 1fg slt 6'qmf6fqmL / cf+lzs lyof] eg] tL j:t'x¿dWo] x/]ssf af/]df xfd|f] 1fg hlt ;"Id 5,To;eGbfaflx/ /x:odo s'g} æc1]o j:t'Æ -j:t' lgh ¿k_sf] cl:tTj 5 eGg] zÍf ug'{ :jfefljs xf]eGg] s'/fdf cema9L hf]8 lbg ;lsG5 . t/ lj1fgsf] dxfg\ k|ultsf] sf/0f Pskl5 csf]{ tL æc1]oj:t'Æ 1]o aGb}uO/x]sf 5g\, ltgsf] ljZn]if0f eO/x]sf] 5 /, TolQ dfq xf]Og, ltgsf] k'g?Tkfbg;d]tul/Psf] 5 . clg, h'g j:t'sf] xfdL pŒkfbg ub{5f}+, To;nfO{ c1]o t ljns'n} dfGg ;lsGg . o;zbLsf] k"jf{4{;Dd /;fog lj1fgsf] nflu sfj{lgs kbfy{ To;/L g} /x:ok"0f{ lyof] t/ clxn] sfj{lgsk|lqmofx¿sf] ;xfotfljgf g} Pskl5 csf]{ sfj{lgs kbfy{nfO{ xfdL ltgsf /f;folgs tTjx¿af6t}of/ ug{ yfn]sf 5f}+ . cfw'lgs /;fogzf:qLx¿ eGb5g\ — xfdLx¿n] h'g;'s} lk08 - Tof] h];'s} lsggxf];\_sf] /f;folgs agfj6 kQf nufp“5f}+ eg] To;sf tTjx¿af6 To;nfO{ tof/ ug{ ;Sb5f}+ .;j{>]i7 sfj{lgs kbfy{, cyf{t\ cNAo"ldg;DaGwL lk08x¿sf] /f;folgs agfj6 kQf nufpg] s'/faf6xfdL w]/} k/ 5f}+, t/ zbLof}+ lsg gnfuf];\, xfdLx¿n] To;;DaGwL 1fg k|fKt ug{ ;Sb}gf}+ eg]/ ;f]+Rg'kg]{s'g} sf/0f 5}g . To;af6 n}; eP/ s[lqd cNAo"ldg lgsfNg ;lsg]5 . t/ hlta]nf xfdLx¿n] Tof]sfd ;DkGg ug]{5f}+, Tolta]nf xfdLx¿n] sfj{lgs kbfy{ pTkGg ug]{5f}+ lsgeg] lgDgtd¿kaf6pRrtd ¿k;Dd hLjg cNAo"ldgLo lk08x¿sf] cl:tTjs} cfd ¿k xf] .t/ tL cf}krfl/s dfgl;s k|ltaGw nufOPkl5 g} c1]ojfbLx¿sf s'/f / sfdsf] ;Dk"0f{ /j}ofk|v/ ef}ltsjfbL;/x x'g k'Ug]5 /, jf:tjdf xf] klg To:t} . p;n] eGg ;Sb5 M xfdLx¿n] e"t–b|Jo/ ultsf] 1fg k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5f}+ eg], cyjf cr]n xfdLx¿n] zlQmnfO{ g t pTkGg ug{ ;lsG5 g tgi6 ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] s'/f ub{5f}+ eg] tL slxNo} pTkGg ul/sf lyPgg\ eGg] k|df0f klg t xfdLx¿n]lbg ;Sb}gf}+ . olb p;sf] Tof] :jLsf/f]lQmnfO{ tkfO{+n] vf; k|Zgdf p;sf lj?4 pkof]u ug'{ eof] eg]tkfO{+sf] bfjfnfO{ p;n] t'?Gt x6fOlbg]5 . efjgfdf -In abstracto_ cWofTdjfbsf] ;DefjgfnfO{dfGg ;Snf t/ oyfy{tfdf -In concreeto_ p;n] To;nfO{ cfgf] ghLs;Dd k'Ug lbg]5}g .hxf“;Dd xfdLx¿nfO{ yfx 5, yfx x'g ;Sb5, p;n] tkfO{+nfO{ of] ljZjsf] g t ;[li6stf{ sf]xL 5 gt zf;s sf]xL 5 eGg] atfpg]5 . hxf“;Dd xfd|f] k|Zg 5, xfd|f] wf/0ff :ki6 5 M e"t–b|Jo / zlQmnfO{g t pTkGg ug{ ;lsG5 g t ljgi6 ug{ g} . xfd|f lglDt dg zlQmsf] Pp6f ¿k xf] / dl:tissf]sfo{ xf] . of] ef}lts lgodaf6 rNb5 eGg] s'/f dfq xfdL hfGb5f}+ . To;/L h'g xb;Dd p;n] s]xL