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Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 28 / Tuesday, February 11, 1997 / Rules and Regulations6427emotional cues (e.g., facial expressions,vocal tone changes).(D) Responsiveness to stimuli (birth toattainment of age 1): Your ability orinability to form patterns of selfregulation,i.e., to recognize internalcues (e.g., hunger, pain), and to organizeexternal experiences (e.g., light, sound,temperature, movement), and to regulateyour reactions to them (e.g., brighteningin response to sights and sounds,enjoying being touched or stroked orheld, enjoying gentle movement inspace (‘‘rock-a-bye-baby’’)).(ii) Older infants and toddlers (age 1to attainment of age 3): Children in thisage group are evaluated in terms of threeareas of development. The following aregeneral descriptions of developmenttypical of this age group.(A) Cognitive/communicativedevelopment (age 1 to attainment of age3): Your ability or inability tounderstand by responding toincreasingly complex requests,instructions, and questions; to refer toyourself and things around you bypointing and eventually by naming; toform concepts and to solve simpleproblems through purposefulexperimentation (e.g., disassemblingtoys), imitation (immediate anddelayed), and constructive play (e.g.,putting things in and out of containers,building with blocks, exploring spaces);to demonstrate your knowledge ofobjects, actions, and situations you haveencountered through pretend playactivities; to spontaneouslycommunicate your wishes or needs byusing gestures, an increasing number ofintelligible words, and eventuallygrammatically correct simple sentencesand questions with increasingly richand broad vocabulary.(B) Motor development (age 1 toattainment of age 3): Your ability orinability to move in your environmentusing your body with steadilyincreasing dexterity and independencefrom support by others, and yourincreasing ability to manipulate smallobjects and to use your hands to do, orto get, something that you want or need.(C) Social development (age 1 toattainment of age 3): Your ability orinability to exhibit normal dependenceupon, and intimacy with, your primarycaregivers, as well as increasingindependence from them; to initiate andrespond to a variety of emotional cues;to regulate and organize emotions andbehaviors. Your ability or inability to beinterested in initiating and maintaininginteractions with others, first duringbrief, yet frequent encounters, andgradually increasing to longer, sustainedones. Your ability or inability to showinterest in, initially watch, then playalongside, and eventually interact withsimilarly aged peers.(iii) Preschool children (age 3 toattainment of age 6). Children in thisage group are evaluated in terms of fiveareas of development. The following aregeneral descriptions of developmenttypical of this age group.(A) Cognitive/communicativedevelopment (age 3 to attainment of age6): Your ability or inability to learn,understand, and solve problems throughintuition, perception, verbal andnonverbal reasoning, and theapplication of acquired knowledge; yourability or inability to retain and recallinformation, images, events, andprocedures during the process ofthinking (as in the development ofreadiness skills for formal learning (e.g.,learning letters, shapes, colors) andskills for daily living (e.g., putting toysin proper places)). Your ability orinability to communicate by expressingyour needs, feelings, and preferences; bytelling, requesting, predicting, andrelating information; by describingactions and functions; by providingexplanations; by following and givingdirections; and by engaging inconversation in a spontaneous,interactive, and increasingly intelligiblemanner, using increasingly complexvocabulary and grammar.(B) Motor development (age 3 toattainment of age 6): Your ability orinability to move and use your arms andlegs in increasingly more intricate andcoordinated activity, and your ability orinability to use your hands withincreasing coordination to manipulatesmall objects during play (e.g., drawing,using building blocks, constructingpuzzles) and physically related dailyactivities other than self-care (seePersonal area).(C) Social development (age 3 toattainment of age 6): Your ability orinability to initiate social exchanges, toorganize and regulate your emotionsand behaviors, and to respond to yoursocial environment through appropriateand increasingly complex interactions,such as showing affection, sharing, andhelping; your ability to relate tocaregivers with increasingindependence, to choose your ownfriends, and to play cooperatively withother children, one-at-a-time or in agroup.(D) Personal development (age 3 toattainment of age 6): Your ability orinability to help yourself and tocooperate with others in taking care ofyour personal needs, health, and safety(e.g., bathing, dressing, maintainingsleep habits, crossing the street with anadult).(E) Concentration, persistence, orpace (age 3 to attainment of age 6): Yourability or inability to engage in anactivity, and to sustain the activity fora period of time at a reasonable pace(e.g., playing a simple board game).(iv) School-age children (age 6 toattainment of age 12). Children in thisage group are evaluated in terms of fiveareas of functioning. The following aregeneral descriptions of functioningtypical of this age group.(A) Cognitive/communicativefunctioning (age 6 to attainment of age12): Your ability or inability to learn,understand, and solve problems throughintuition, perception, verbal andnonverbal reasoning, and theapplication of acquired knowledge; theability to retain and recall information,images, events, and procedures duringthe process of thinking, as in formallearning situations (e.g., reading, classdiscussions) and in daily living (e.g.,telling time, making change). Yourability or inability to comprehend andproduce language (e.g., vocabulary,grammar) in order to communicate insocial conversation (e.g., to expressfeelings, meet needs, seek information,describe events, share stories), and inlearning situations (e.g., to exchangeinformation and ideas with peers andfamily or with groups such as yourschool classes) in a spontaneous,interactive, sustained, and intelligiblemanner, using increasingly complexvocabulary and grammar.(B) Motor functioning (age 6 toattainment of age 12): Your ability orinability to use fine and gross motorskills in order to engage in the physicalactivities involved in normal mobility,school work, play, physical education,sports, and other physically relateddaily activities other than self-care (seePersonal area).(C) Social functioning (age 6 toattainment of age 12): Your ability orinability to play alone, with anotherchild, and in a group; to initiate anddevelop friendships; to respond to yoursocial environments throughappropriate and increasingly complexinterpersonal behaviors, such asempathizing with others and toleratingdifferences; and to relate appropriatelyto individuals and in group situations(e.g., siblings, parents or caregivers,peers, teachers, school classes,neighborhood groups).(D) Personal functioning (age 6 toattainment of age 12): Your ability orinability to help yourself and tocooperate with others in taking care ofyour personal needs, health, and safety(e.g., eating, dressing, maintainingpersonal hygiene, following safetyprecautions).