Carbon Dioxide and Earth's Future Pursuing the ... - Magazooms
Carbon Dioxide and Earth's Future Pursuing the ... - Magazooms
Carbon Dioxide and Earth's Future Pursuing the ... - Magazooms
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www.co2science.org<br />
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Hemisphere during <strong>the</strong> Holocene (Butikofer, 2007; Wanner et al., 2008; Wanner <strong>and</strong> Butikofer,<br />
2008), or even been global (Mayewski et al., 2004).”<br />
Ljungqvist also notes that “decadal mean temperatures in <strong>the</strong> extra-tropical Nor<strong>the</strong>rn<br />
Hemisphere seem to have equaled or exceeded <strong>the</strong> AD 1961-1990 mean temperature level<br />
during much of <strong>the</strong> Roman Warm Period <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Medieval Warm Period,” <strong>and</strong> he says that “<strong>the</strong><br />
second century, during <strong>the</strong> Roman Warm Period, is <strong>the</strong> warmest century during <strong>the</strong> last two<br />
millennia,” while adding that “<strong>the</strong> highest average temperatures in <strong>the</strong> reconstruction are<br />
encountered in <strong>the</strong> mid to late tenth century,” which was during <strong>the</strong> Medieval Warm Period.<br />
He warns, however, that <strong>the</strong> temperature of <strong>the</strong> last two decades “is possibly higher than<br />
during any previous time in <strong>the</strong> past two millennia,” but adds that “this is only seen in <strong>the</strong><br />
instrumental temperature data <strong>and</strong> not in <strong>the</strong> multi-proxy reconstruction itself,” which is akin<br />
to saying that this possibility only presents itself if one applies Michael Mann’s “Nature trick” of<br />
comparing “apples <strong>and</strong> oranges,” which is clearly not valid, as discussed earlier in this report.<br />
This new study of Ljungqvist is especially important in that it utilizes, in his words, “a larger<br />
number of proxy records than most previous reconstructions,” <strong>and</strong> because it “substantiates an<br />
already established history of long-term temperature variability.” All of <strong>the</strong>se facts, taken<br />
toge<strong>the</strong>r, clearly demonstrate that <strong>the</strong>re is nothing unusual, nothing unnatural or nothing<br />
unprecedented about <strong>the</strong> planet’s current level of warmth, seeing it was just as warm as, or<br />
even warmer than, it has been recently during both <strong>the</strong> Roman <strong>and</strong> Medieval Warm Periods,<br />
when <strong>the</strong> atmosphere’s CO2 concentration was more than 100 ppm less than it is today. And<br />
this latter observation, toge<strong>the</strong>r with <strong>the</strong> realization that earth’s climate naturally transits back<br />
<strong>and</strong> forth between cooler <strong>and</strong> warmer conditions on a millennial timescale, demonstrates that<br />
<strong>the</strong>re is absolutely no need to associate <strong>the</strong> planet’s current level of warmth with its current<br />
higher atmospheric CO2 concentration, in clear contradiction of <strong>the</strong> worn-out climate-alarmist<br />
claim that <strong>the</strong> only way to explain earth’s current warmth is to associate it with <strong>the</strong> greenhouse<br />
effect of CO2. That claim -- for which <strong>the</strong>re is no supporting evidence, o<strong>the</strong>r than misplaced<br />
trust in climate models -- is unsound.<br />
With respect to <strong>the</strong> recent rate at which <strong>the</strong> earth has warmed, we examine <strong>the</strong> results of a<br />
number of studies that have investigated recent temperature changes in <strong>the</strong> Arctic, which<br />
Meadows (2001) described as “<strong>the</strong> place to watch for global warming, <strong>the</strong> sensitive point, <strong>the</strong><br />
canary in <strong>the</strong> coal mine.” Here, in comparing <strong>the</strong> vast array of prior Holocene climate changes<br />
with what climate alarmists claim to be <strong>the</strong> “unprecedented” anthropogenic-induced warming<br />
of <strong>the</strong> past several decades, White et al. (2010) recently determined that “<strong>the</strong> human influence<br />
on rate <strong>and</strong> size of climate change thus far does not st<strong>and</strong> out strongly from o<strong>the</strong>r causes of<br />
climate change.”<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r scientists preceded White et al. with similar conclusions. Chylek et al. (2006) studied two<br />
century-long temperature records from sou<strong>the</strong>rn coastal Greenl<strong>and</strong> -- Godthab Nuuk on <strong>the</strong><br />
west <strong>and</strong> Ammassalik on <strong>the</strong> east -- both of which are close to 64°N latitude, concentrating on<br />
<strong>the</strong> period 1915-2005. And in doing so, as <strong>the</strong>y describe it, <strong>the</strong>y determined that “two periods<br />
of intense warming (1995-2005 <strong>and</strong> 1920-1930) are clearly visible in <strong>the</strong> Godthab Nuuk <strong>and</strong><br />
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