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www.co2science.org P a g e | 42 period 1965-2008, for which time interval pertinent satellite data were obtained from the U.S. Navy’s Joint Typhoon Warning Center for the WNP, NIO and SHO, and from NASA’s (USA) National Hurricane Center for the NAT and ENP. And as a result of their efforts, they were able to report that “over the period of 1965-2008, the global TC activity, as measured by storm days, shows a large amplitude fluctuation regulated by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, but has no trend, suggesting that the rising temperature so far has not yet [had] an impact on the global total number of storm days.” So what does the future hold for us in terms of hurricanes? Based on the numerous empirical observations from the ocean basins described above, it is clear that there is no support for the climate-alarmist claim that global warming increases both the frequency and intensity of hurricanes. In fact, the data seem to suggest just the opposite. Thus, if the world warms any further in the future, for whatever reason (anthropogenic or natural), we would expect to see fewer and less intense hurricanes than have occurred recently. [ search engine powered by magazooms.com ]
4. Rising Sea Levels Inundating Coastal Lowlands www.co2science.org P a g e | 43 The claim: Anthropogenic-induced global warming will lead to rapidly melting polar ice sheets, rapidly rising sea levels and catastrophic coastal flooding. With respect to the melting of earth’s polar ice sheets, we begin in the Northern Hemisphere with the review of Alley et al. (2005), who claimed that “the Greenland Ice Sheet may melt entirely from future global warming,” which contention they buttressed with the statement that “recently detected rapid ice-marginal changes contributing to sea-level rise may indicate greater ice-sheet sensitivity to warming than previously considered.” Between the periods of 1993-94 and 1998-99, for example, they report that “the ice sheet was losing 54 ± 14 gigatons per year (Gt/year) of ice, equivalent to a sea-level rise of ~0.15 mm/year,” adding that despite excess snowfall in the southeast in 2002 and 2003, “net mass loss over the 1997-to-2003 interval was higher than the loss between 1993 and 1999, averaging 74 ± 11 Gt/year or ~0.21 mm/year sea-level rise.” Just one day before Alley et al.’s paper appeared in print, however, Johannessen et al. (2005), working with satellite-altimeter data from Greenland, reported in a Sciencexpress paper posted online that although below 1500 meters the mean change of the ice sheet height with time was a decline of 2.0 ± 0.9 cm/year over the 11-year period 1992-2003, above 1500 meters there was a positive growth rate of fully 6.4 ± 0.2 cm/year due to snow accumulation; and averaged over the entire ice sheet the mean result was also positive, with a mean growth rate of 5.4 ± 0.2 cm/year, which when adjusted for an isostatic uplift of about 0.5 cm/year yielded a mean growth rate of approximately 5 cm/year, for a total increase in the mean thickness of the Greenland Ice Sheet of about 55 cm over the 11-year period, a result that was just the opposite of that suggested by Alley et al. Then, like a pendulum changing direction yet again, came the study of Rignot and Kanagaratnam (2005), who used satellite radar interferometry observations of Greenland to detect “widespread glacier acceleration.” Calculating that this phenomenon had led to a doubling of the ice sheet’s mass deficit in the last decade and, therefore, to a comparable increase in Greenland’s contribution to rising sea levels, they went on to claim that as more glaciers accelerate, “the contribution of Greenland to sea-level rise will continue to increase.” Hard on the heels of their paper, however, came the satellite radar altimetry study of Zwally et al. (2005), which once again sent the pendulum swinging in the opposite direction in response to their finding that “the Greenland ice sheet is thinning at the margins (-42 ± 2 Gt/year below the equilibrium-line altitude) and growing inland (+53 ± 2 Gt/year above the equilibrium-line altitude) with a small overall mass gain (+11 ± 3 Gt/year; -0.03 mm/year sea-level equivalent).” But Chen et al. (2006) soon after pushed the pendulum way back in the other direction with their Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) study, wherein they concluded that satellite-measured gravity variations suggested that the Greenland Ice Sheet was currently disappearing at a rate of some 240 cubic kilometers per year. However, the many problems [ search engine powered by magazooms.com ]
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