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Carbon Dioxide and Earth's Future Pursuing the ... - Magazooms

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P a g e | 37<br />

determined that “direct economic losses trended upward significantly over <strong>the</strong> past 24 years,”<br />

but that “<strong>the</strong> trend disappears if considering <strong>the</strong> rapid increase of <strong>the</strong> annual total gross<br />

domestic product of China, suggesting that <strong>the</strong> upward trend in direct economic losses is a<br />

result of Chinese economic development.” They also stated that “<strong>the</strong>re is no significant trend<br />

in tropical cyclone casualties over <strong>the</strong> past 24 years,” <strong>and</strong> that it is only because “<strong>the</strong> Chinese<br />

economy has been booming since <strong>the</strong> early 1980s” that <strong>the</strong>re has been an increasing trend in<br />

typhoon-caused economic losses between 1983 <strong>and</strong> 2006. And <strong>the</strong>y additionally noted that<br />

“after adjusting for inflation, wealth, <strong>and</strong> population," Pielke <strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong>sea (1998) <strong>and</strong> Pielke et<br />

al. (2008) also "found no significant trend in economic losses caused by l<strong>and</strong>falling tropical<br />

cyclones.”<br />

Contemporaneously, Kubota <strong>and</strong> Chan (2009) created a unique dataset of TLP (tropical cyclone<br />

l<strong>and</strong>fall numbers in <strong>the</strong> Philippines) based on historical observations of TC tracks during <strong>the</strong><br />

period 1901-1940, which were obtained from Monthly Bulletins of <strong>the</strong> Philippine Wea<strong>the</strong>r<br />

Bureau along with TLP data obtained from <strong>the</strong> Joint Typhoon Warning Center for <strong>the</strong> period<br />

1945-2005, which <strong>the</strong>y used to investigate <strong>the</strong> TC-global warming hypo<strong>the</strong>sis. And by <strong>the</strong>se<br />

means <strong>the</strong> two researchers discovered, via <strong>the</strong> data plotted in <strong>the</strong> figure below, that “<strong>the</strong> TLP<br />

has an apparent oscillation of about 32 years before 1939 <strong>and</strong> an oscillation of about 10-22<br />

years after 1945.” Most important of all, <strong>the</strong>y reported that “no long-term trend is found.” In<br />

addition, <strong>the</strong>y determined that “natural variability related to ENSO <strong>and</strong> PDO phases appears to<br />

prevail in <strong>the</strong> interdecadal variability of TLP.”<br />

Philippine tropical cyclone l<strong>and</strong>fall numbers vs. year. Adapted from Kubota <strong>and</strong> Chan (2009).<br />

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