MIMO and Smart Antennas for Mobile Broadband ... - 4G Americas

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Figure 63 – Varied mechanical tilt with electrical tilt fixed at zero.Sector Power RatioSector Power Ratio (SPR) is another measure of an antenna’s ability to minimize unwanted interferencein a cellular network. Figure 64 graphically shows the concept along with the equation used to calculateSPR. In essence, it compares the undesired RF power outside of the sector to the desired RF powerwithin the sector and expresses it as a percentage. Excellent antenna designs provide SPRs as low as3% to 4%, while traditional dipole or patch element designs can yield SPRs approaching 8%.Figure 65 shows that similar to squint, SPR remains relatively constant for both V-pol and X-pol modelsas the electrical tilt is varied while keeping the mechanical tilt at zero. In Figure 66 SPR is shown todegrade significantly for all types of antennas when mechanical tilt is varied while keeping electrical tiltfixed at zero.4G Americas MIMO and Smart Antennas for Mobile Systems – October 2012 – All Rights Reserved84
300∑P60SPR(%) =60P∑300UndesiredDesired× 1006.2.1.1.1.1.1.1120°P DesiredP UndesiredFigure 64--Graphical representation of Sector Power Ratio (SPR).Figure 65 – SPR remains relatively constant for both V-pol and X-pol models as the electrical tilt is varied.854G Americas MIMO and Smart Antennas for Mobile Systems – October 2012 – All Rights Reserved
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MIMO and Smart Antennasfor 3G and 4
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5 Small Cells and HetNet Deployment
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5) Smart antennas provide the next
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toward the ground where the mobile
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could then be tailored using mechan
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Figure 6 - Antenna technology curre
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1.3 INTEGRATED RADIO/ANTENNAFigure
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Figure 10 - Link budget comparison
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1.4 ACTIVE ANTENNA SYSTEM (AAS) TEC
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and combinations of carriers that c
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example, a rural base station with
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eamwidth is typically fixed if area
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for flat rural scenarios with large
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Figure 22, for unprocessed and fitt
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Note that this is likely a general
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carrier frequency) limited uplink t
Page 33 and 34: These transmission modes are implem
Page 35 and 36: Code Book 1 Layer 2 Layers0 1√2 1
Page 37 and 38: codebook entry 2 will reduce interf
Page 39 and 40: Trans. ModeAntennaConfig. Figure De
Page 41 and 42: It is important to note that the ga
Page 43 and 44: 5 inputs forming the five beams sho
Page 45 and 46: Figure 32 - Downlink bit rate (left
Page 47 and 48: system simulation CDF for the anten
Page 49 and 50: Figure 36 - Calibration network blo
Page 51 and 52: smaller allocation. MU-MIMO transmi
Page 53 and 54: 1D Reconfigurable beam (RET)[tiltin
Page 55 and 56: 3.3 COMPARISON OF RET, 2D, AND 3D R
Page 57 and 58: 3.5 NETWORK OPTIMIZATION VERSUS LOA
Page 59 and 60: Figure 40 - Distribution of the ant
Page 61 and 62: • In this case, reconfigurable be
Page 63 and 64: Figure 43 - Typical cell site showi
Page 65 and 66: 4.2 CURRENT DEPLOYMENTSOne operator
Page 67 and 68: Figure 46 - Common monopole during
Page 69 and 70: Figure 48 - Mast with 11 operators
Page 71 and 72: Figure 50 - Antenna mount with Remo
Page 73 and 74: (a) (b) (c)Figure 52 - Small cell s
Page 75 and 76: 6 MISCELLANEOUS COMMERCIAL AND DEPL
Page 77 and 78: Figure 54AFigure 54BFigure 54 — H
Page 79 and 80: The widely used 65º azimuth antenn
Page 81 and 82: Figure 59 — Mathematical results
Page 83: Recall that the new rules of thumb
Page 87 and 88: --Co-Polarization--Cross-Polarizati
Page 89 and 90: 6.2.2 EFFECTS OF INCORRECT ANTENNA
Page 91 and 92: any third order intermodulation pro
Page 93 and 94: A RRH, also known as a Remote Radio
Page 95 and 96: delays of each transmit path. These
Page 97 and 98: equired at the antenna. In addition
Page 99 and 100: Figure 72 - Photograph of the const
Page 101 and 102: These cables, being a stranded cons
Page 103 and 104: 6.6.5 ADVANTAGES OF REMOTE FIBER FE
Page 105 and 106: Figure 79 - Diplexer.Figure 80 - Tr
Page 107 and 108: Figure 81 - Hybrid combiningcable l
Page 109 and 110: ports. Integrated duplexers route t
Page 111 and 112: Figure 90 - Antenna sharing usingTX
Page 113 and 114: 6.7.13 CONFIGURATIONSThe key elemen
Page 115 and 116: 6.8 INDOOR DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYST
Page 117 and 118: een proven by experiment that a spa
Page 119 and 120: 2600 6 to 9 --Table 7 - Link budget
Page 121 and 122: Figure 107 - Shannon upper limit ca
Page 123 and 124: achieve MIMO performance on par wit
Page 125 and 126: It is evident from the trial that M
Page 127 and 128: Figure 112 - Example antennas from
Page 129 and 130: 1st Upper Sidelobe Level of the 1st
Page 131 and 132: H/V TrackingDiscrimination between
Page 133 and 134: Digital RF converterto LNAPAdigital
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27 Section 7.1 of 3GPP Section 7.1
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51 IST-4-027756 WINNER, D1.1.2 V1.1
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MIMO and Smart Antennas for Mobile Broadband ... - 4G Americas

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