The Soils of Elgin County - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

GLOSSARYAlluvium materialBlanketCalcareousCoarse fragmentsCoarse texturedColluvialConsistenceControl sectionDistinct mottlesrefers to materials depositedby rivers and streams,usually on riverbeds andfloodplains .a mantle of unconsolidatedmaterials thick enough tomask minor irregularities inthe underlying unit but stillconforming to the generalunderlying topography.refers to materials containingsufficient calcium carbonateto effervesce with 0.1 Nhydrochloric acid .rock or mineral particlesgreater than 2.0 mm indiameter .a term applied to soilmaterials which fall withinthe coarse textural group .The coarse textural group isa group of soil textureswhich contain 52% or moresand, and less than 20% clay .Common soil texturesassociated with this groupinclude sand, loamy sand,and sandy loam (see Figure11).describes soil material thathas moved downhill andaccumulated on lower slopesand/or at the base of slopes .the degree of cohesion oradhesion of the soil mass.the vertical section of soilupon which classification isbased (usually 1 metre) .spots of colour in soilhorizons, caused by impededdrainage, whose contrastwith the basic horizoq is low .Dominant andSignificantEluvial horizonEolianFine texturedFluvialterms which refer to therelative proportions ofcomponents which constitutethe symbols shown on thesoil maps . Dominant meansthat 40-80% of the arearepresented by the mapsymbol consists of that soiltype or slope class :Significant means that 20 toless than 40% of the arearepresented by the mapsymbol consists of that soiltype or slope class. Whenonly a single soil type isshown in a map symbol, oronly a single slope class inshown in amap symbol,80%or more of the arearepresented by the mapsymbol consists of that soiltype or slope class .a soil horizon formed by theprocess of leaching ofcarbonates, iron, humus, etc .by soil solutions.sediments transported anddeposited by wind .a term applied to soilmaterials which fall withinthe fine textural group. Thefine textural group is a groupof soil textures which containeither: 1) 20-10% clay if thesand content is more than45%; or 2) 27-40% clay if thesand content is less than45%. Common soil texturesassociated with this groupinclude silty clay loam andclay loam (see Figure 11).river sediments laid downdirectly in front of, or . incontact with, glacial ice .Stratified sands and gravelspredominate.