The Soils of Elgin County - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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Figure 10.Diagrammatic soil profiles of typical well drained, imperfectly drained, and poorly drainedsoils in Elgin County(cm)0Well drained soil(cm)0Imperfectly drained soil(cm)0Poorly drained soil50r-100Brunisolic GrayBrown Luvisol1W L-Gleyed Brunisolic GrayBrown Luvisol100Orthic HumicGleysolHorizon DescriptionsAp very dark grayish brown coloured,mineral, surface horizon enriched withorganic matter (p - man modified e.g .plough layer)Bt dark brown coloured subsurfacehorizon, enriched with day that hasmoved downwardBmBmgjyellowish brown coloured subsurfacehorizon with only slight addition ofclaybrownish coloured subsurface horizonwith only slight addition of clay; somereddish coloured mottling occurs whichis indicative of short periods ofsaturationBgi and horizons with gray gley colour andBg2 usually reddish coloured mottlingindicative of prolonged periods ofsaturationCk brownish coloured, relativelyunweathered material from which thesoil profile has developed; containscalcium carbonate that will effervescewith dilute HClCkg grayish or bluish gray coloured,relatively unweathered material fromwhich the soil profile has developed;usually has reddish coloured mottlingindicative of prolonged periods ofsaturation; contains calcium carbonatethat will effervesce with dilute HClNumbered Horizons: Soil horizons may bevertically subdivided by consecutive numeralsuffixes e.g. Bgl, Bg2, Bg3, Bg4, etc. Soilformation processes are similar in these horizons,but they are different in at least one soilcharacteristic such as colour, texture, or structure .Roman Numerals: The designations for some soilhorizons may be prefixed by roman numeralswhich indicate a significant change in texture(mode of deposition) within the profile. Forexample, when sandy loam material overlies siltyclay material, the horizons of silty clay areprefixed by the numerals "II". The numerals II, III,and TV have been applied to some soil horizonsdescribed in Volume 2 of this report.
GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS OF THE SOILSSoil Key II . Fine sandy loam, very fine sandyloam, and loamy very fine sandparent materialsA. Soils Developed on Glacial Till Deposits(a) Well drainedI. Silty clay loam and silty clay till Wattford (WF)parent materials (b) Imperfectly drained(a) Moderately well drained Normandale (NO)Muriel (MU) (c) Poorly drainedMuriel loamy phase (MU.L) St . Williams (SW)Muriel washed phase (MUN) (d) Very poorly drained(b) Imperfectly drained Churchville (CH)Gobles (GO)Churchville peaty phase (CH.P)Gobles coarse phase (GO.C)III. Silt loam, loam, and very fine sandyGobles loamy phase (GO1)loam parent materialsGobles washed phase (GOA (a) Well drained(c) Poorly drained Brant (BT)Kelvin (KE)Imperfectly drainedKelvin coarse phase (KE.C)Tuscola (TU)Kelvin loamy phase (KE.L)Tuscola coarse phase (TU .C)Kelvin washed phase (KEN) (c) Poorly drainedII . 40 to 100 cm of loamy sediments over Colwood (CW)silty clay loam or silty clay till parentColwood coarse phase (CW .C)materialsColwood peaty phase (CW .P)(a) Well drainedIV . 40 to 100 cm of sandy sedimentsBennington till phase (BN .T) over silt loam and very fine sandy(b) Imperfectly drained loam parent materialsTavistock till phase (TA .T)(a) Well drained(c) Poorly drainedWalsher (WA)Maplewood till phase (MA .T)(b) Imperfectly drained111. 40 to 100 cm of sandy sediments over Vittoria (VI)silty clay loam or silty clay till parent (c) Poorly drainedmaterialsSilver Hill (SL)(a) Well drained V. Mostly silty clay loam and silty clayBookton till phase (BO.T)parent materials(b) Imperfectly drained(a) Moderately well drainedBerrien till phase (BE.T)Brantford (BF)(c) Poorly drained Brantford coarse phase (BF .C)Wauseon till phase (WU .T)Brantford loamy phase (BF .L)(b) Imperfectly drainedB . Soils Developed on Lacustrine Deposits Beverly (BV)I . Loamy sand and sand parent Beverly coarse phase (BV .C)materialsBeverly loamy phase (BV .L)(a) Rapidly drained (c) Poorly drainedFox (FX)Toledo (TO)(b) Imperfectly drained Toledo coarse phase (TO .C)Brady (BY)Toledo loamy phase (TO.L)(c) Poorly drained (d) Very poorly drainedGranby (GY)Southwold (SO)(d) Very poorly drained VI . 40 to 100 cm of loamy sediments overFrome (FR)silty clay loam and silty clay parentFrome peaty phase (FR .P)materials(a) Well drainedBennington (BN)2 1
Page 1 and 2: The Soils ofElgin CountyVolume 1Min
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe completion of t
Page 5 and 6: Southwold Soils (SO) . . . . . . .
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF FIGURES1 . Soil map index f
Page 9 and 10: 5. More detailed information for a
Page 11 and 12: Table 1 .Climate data for Elgin Cou
Page 13 and 14: Figure 4.Generalized geologic map o
Page 15 and 16: Table 2.Correlation of major soils
Page 17 and 18: Figure 6.Schematic landscape cross-
Page 19 and 20: HOW THE SOILS WERE MAPPED AND CLASS
Page 21: of soil profiles and horizons which
Page 25 and 26: Table 3.Soils and land units mapped
Page 27 and 28: Figure 11 .Soil textural groups and
Page 29 and 30: phase (BN.T) soils were mapped in c
Page 31 and 32: underlying fine textured materials
Page 33 and 34: atings for selected special crops a
Page 35 and 36: Conservation tillage practices, par
Page 37 and 38: clay. The Ap horizons commonly have
Page 39 and 40: Gobles soils were frequently mapped
Page 41 and 42: Kelvin soils are susceptible to com
Page 43 and 44: Soil Moisture CharacteristicsMiddle
Page 46 and 47: soils which occur in the eastern po
Page 48 and 49: Bluish gray or gray gley colours ar
Page 50 and 51: Stanley till, Tavistock till phase
Page 52 and 53: to neutral in the Ap horizons, to m
Page 54 and 55: tillage practices, particularly no-
Page 56 and 57: Organic (OR)Organic land units usua
Page 58 and 59: eference and also Publication No .
Page 60 and 61: Procedure :1) Locate the symbols 'B
Page 62 and 63: Table 4.Agricultural alnd capabilit
Page 64 and 65: Soil Suitability ClassesDescription
Page 66 and 67: Procedure:1) Locate the symbols 'BV
Page 68 and 69: Table 6.Agricultural land suitabili
Page 70 and 71: Table 6.Agricultural land suitabili
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Table 6 .Agricultural land suitabil
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Table 6. Agricultural land suitabil
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Table 6.Agricultural land suitabili
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erosion losses will occur . Potenti
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the average annual soil loss using
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Table 9 . Mean K values, K ranges a
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Table 10.LS values for different co
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Table 13.C values for common field
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Table 14 . C values for some field
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Table 16.C values for some common c
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GLOSSARYAlluvium materialBlanketCal
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ProminentmottlesRaised shorelineSoi
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4. Schut, L.W. and W.G. Stevens . 1
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APPENDIX 1Generalized Soil Informat
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BERRIEN SOIL TILL PHASE (BE.T)GENER
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BURFORD SOIL (BU)GENERALIZED PROFIL
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CAMILLA SOIL (CM)GENERALIZED PROFIL
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GOBLES SOIL (GO)GENERALIZED PROFILE
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KELVIN SOIL (KE)GENERALIZED PROFILE
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MAPLEWOOD SOIL - TILL PHASE (MA.T)G
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NORMANDALE SOIL (NO)GENERALIZED PRO
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STRATHBURN SOIL (ST)GENERALIZED PRO
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TOLEDO SOIL - COARSE PHASE (TO.C)GE
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WATTFORD SOIL (WF)GENERALIZED PROFI
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APPENDIX 2Field Identification of S
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5. Proceed to Figure 13 and determi
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Figure 13 : Field Site Key To Ident
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Figure 14 :Field Site Key To Identi
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A iFigure 15 :Field Site Key To Ide
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Figure 16 : Field Site Key To Ident
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The Soils of Elgin County - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

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