INSTITUTUL NAÅ¢IONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE - ICECHIM

Round table: Trends in Petrochemistry5, Chemistry and Petrochemistry - O - ms-2 “Trends in petrochemistry”PRESENT PROBLEMS OF PETROCHEMISTRYVasile MATEIOil and Gas University of Ploiesti, 39 Bucuresti Bvd., RomaniaThe present petrochemistry is based on turning to better account some individuals,rarely fractions, of crude-fossil fuels and natural gases. The petrochemical technology, a richand profitable branch for the development of the petroleum processing industry, is a branch ofthe organic chemical industry. It tryies to solve the challenges of present time that will answerthe certitudes of the future. Sooner or later, the fossil fuels will be depleted, accordingly oneappeals to present resources, still great, of coal, fossil fuel but particularly to renewablesources in the petrochemistry and to the logistic ones “green chemistry”, the petrochemicaldevelopment of biomass. Therefore the biomass BECOMES MORE AND MORE apetrochemical raw material.A primary classification of the petrochemical units is based on the reactive primaryproduct type obtained, created by a certain present petrochemical plant. There are three typesof “key” plants: steam reforming of hydrocarbons, out of which synthesis gas and hydrogenresult, hydrocarbon hydrolysis (steam cracking) resulting particularly ethane and propylenebut also butadiene and isoprene, RC plant of non -aromatic naphtha, resulting mononucleararomatics of petrochemical interest. The tonnage of the petrochemical products varies fromthe order of millions of tons/month up to several tons/day in the case of special materials.The petrochemical plants diagrams can vary according on the nature of the rawmaterial, the opportunities of raw material and product sale. Petrochemistry is necessary nowand in the near future but it needs to appeal to advanced technical and economical knowledgeand important financial resources.The discussion on a variant of petrochemical diagram is of a complex nature andbecomes interesting when there are opportunities on the world market of presentpetrochemical end products.A complex petrochemical plant diagram will be presented.