medical and biological sciences - Collegium Medicum - Uniwersytet ...

36Piotr Kamiński et al.hemoglobin and hematocrit quality, was stated byvarious authors [23, 24, 25, 26, 27]. They emphasizedthe effects of dietary heavy metal concentrations uponthe plasma lipid content both in altricials and precocials.Their health and immunocompetence also dependson calcium and toxic heavy metals interactions.Pb and Cd exposure are significantly suppress secondaryhumoral immune response towards sheep redblood cells, but only additional Ca source is not available.This effect is found rather only in females, suggestingsexual differences in susceptibility of humoralimmunity to lead treatment [27]. It was also statedbesides that plasma cholesterol concentration is significantlyaffected by interaction between dietary Cuand Cr. In addition, plasma triglyceride level is affectedby Cu-Cr and Cu-Zn interaction effects [26].Our investigations on White Stork chicks indicates onthe role of element-element interactions impact uponthe definite image of hemoglobin content and the valuesof red blood picture [28]. However, hemoglobinand hematocrit are depended not only upon elementcontent in the environment, but also on the time of day,ambient temperature, food resources, level of bloodinfection with parasites [29, 23, 24, 25].Our investigations on White Stork chicks indicatethe role of element-element interactions impact uponthe condition of bird. So we can thus conclude that useof blood enzymatic researches can be helpful for assessthe health and condition of birds, and given the positiveassociation with miscellaneous environmentalloads. We can also suggested that anthropogenic processesand activities may plays an important role inbioaccumulation and transfer of chemical elements invarious types of environment, but it has not any connectionwith the type of this region. They also show thenecessity to know the stages of growth to understandbioaccumulation processes of elements in chicks. Anychanges of chemical elements metabolism in metabolicpathways of homoiotherms reflecting by environmentalstress, cause significant ecophysiological and populationresponses of their organisms. This phenomenon isespecially concerns for altricial and semiprecocialbirds, which nestlings are directly depends upon immediatelyenvironmental impact. Our results exhibitthat the level of microelements in blood of White Storkchicks shows such large differences between areas(Tab. I). Differences in the level of these elements inblood between polluted and control areas could be dueto a physiological role of these metals in the proteinand carbohydrate metabolism, which is depend onenvironmental stress. The results of studies presentedprovide evidence that White Stork from control areashas better conditions for growth and development thanin polluted ones. They also show the necessity to knowthe stages of growth to understand bioaccumulationprocesses of elements in chicks. Elements concentrationin blood of chicks may be influenced by physiologicalresponse of species to distinct metals, and bythe greater or lesser bioavailability of these metals. Inour studies we stated the correlation of elements concentrationin blood and the type of environment, particularlybetween element level and environmentalstress.CONCLUSIONS1. It is evidence for importance of anthropogenicactivity in the environment in the past, which influencedthe course of biogeochemical processes andcaused bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals locally.It can cause non successful development ofWhite Stork in Pomeranian region.2. The use of blood research with accompaniedchemical element level is helpful to assess the conditionof birds, and gives the positive associationwith miscellaneous environmental loads.3. Elements concentration in blood of chicks may beinfluenced by physiological response of species todistinct metals, and by the greater or lesserbioavailability of these metals. In our studies westated the correlation of elements concentration inblood and the type of environment, particularly betweenelement level and environmental stress.BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Benito V., Devesa V., Munoz O., Suner M.A., MontoroR., Baos R., Hiraldo F., Ferrer M., Fernandez M., GonzalezM.J. 1999. Trace elements in blood collected frombirds feeding in the area around Donana National Parkaffected by the toxic spill from the Aznalcóllar mine.Sci. Total Environ. 242: 309-323.2. Dauwe T., Bervoets L., Pinxten R., Blust R., Eens M.2003. Variation of heavy metals within and amongfeathers of birds of prey: effects of molt and externalcontamination. Environ. Pollut. 124: 429-436.3. Gómez G., Baos R., Gómara B., Jimenez B., 1 V., MontoroR., Hiraldo F., Gonzalez M.J. 2004. Influenceof a Mine Tailing Accident Near Donana National Park(Spain) on Heavy Metals and Arsenic Accumulation in14 Species of Waterfowl (1998 to 2000). Arch. Environ.Contam. Toxicol. 47: 521-529.