BROADBAND THAILAND 2015 - Center for Ethics of Science and ...

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Why Broadband May Defy the Kuznets Hypothesis? Studiesfrom OECD countries suggest that, even in highly educatednations of the West, broadband may be heightening inequalitieswithin nations. 66 Studies in this genre include the following: World Bank(2009d) “World Development Indicators” Human Development Report 2009 67 CIA World Fact book 2009, Gini index 2009 Country Ranks The Nation newspaper,“Politics and Thailand's wealth gap” 6866 JOS DE HAAN, “IT AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THE NETHERLANDS”, 2003http://www.stanford.edu/group/siqss/itandsociety/v01i04/v01i04a03.pdf67 http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/161.html68 http://www.nationmultimedia.com/home/2009/11/02/columnists/Politics-and-Thailand's-wealth-gap-30115689.html,Nov 2009.Meaningful Broadband Report 2.0 BROADBAND THAILAND 2015 46
4. WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENTSummaryMeaningful Broadbandwould boastemployment.More importantly itwould lessenunderemployment in themajority population.Like other nations, the Thai government bases its efforts onachieving international competitive advantage on its longstandingcampaign to transition the national workforceinto a “knowledge economy,” where dead-end jobs are replacedby careers benefiting from continual retraining. But Thailand’srankings on the World Bank’s Knowledge Economy Index (KEI)have fallen steadily over the past decade. 69 Hoping to reversethis decline, The Ministry of Education’s 1.43 trillion bahtStimulus II initiative aims to create 1.7 million new “knowledgeworkers” by 2015.But, under BAU, we forecast that Thailand’s KEI rankings will dropby another 17% (to 72 out of 100 nations surveyed in KEI) by thatyear, due largely to the slow growth of ICTs in Thailand relative topeer countries. In fact, studies show that at least 50% of growthin knowledge economies now depends on broadband. 70 BAUbroadband will indeed contribute to the creation of newemployment, but most of these new jobs will be located in thehigh-income Bangkok Metropolitan Area (BMA) market, whereICT workers are already in high demand, causing furtherurban/rural inequities in salaries. 71 Furthermore, these job gainsare offset by lost jobs through broadband-enabled automation inBMA.69 In 1996 Thailand ranked 51 st out of 100 nations ranked by the World Bank’s Knowledge Economy Index. By 2008, theranking slipped ten points to 63 of 100. http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/KAM_page5.asp70 ICT growth accounts for half of the four factors that shape KEI rankings. KEI averages four factors: 1) economicincentives for learning, 2) education and training levels, 3) innovation and technology adoption and 4) ICT infrastructure.http://go.worldbank.org/SDDP3I1T4071 The gap between Thailand’s highest paid and lowest paid workers is now 1:65 that this disparity may grow by 20% underBAU.Meaningful Broadband Report 2.0 BROADBAND THAILAND 2015 47
Page 1 and 2: Meaningful Broadband Working GroupC
Page 3 and 4: Meaningful Broadband Working GroupC
Page 8 and 9: 6. PRODUCTIVITY ...................
Page 10 and 11: Thailand’s Stimulus II, “Strong
Page 12 and 13: principles that define the zeitgeis
Page 14 and 15: ate will rise to 17% of Thai househ
Page 16 and 17: majority) population, rather than t
Page 18 and 19: goals of the ministry of Science an
Page 20 and 21: METHODOLOGYSince the rise of the di
Page 22 and 23: Access Communication Public Company
Page 24 and 25: INTRODUCTIONIn a Bali Hotel in 2008
Page 26 and 27: First Thailand, Then the WorldThe C
Page 28 and 29: A “Wealth Effect”Behind the Mea
Page 30 and 31: Why Broadband is Crucial?Broadband
Page 32 and 33: Anthropologists are on full alert.
Page 34 and 35: NINE BROADBAND IMPACTSThis section
Page 36 and 37: If Thailand’s government and its
Page 38 and 39: 2. GDP GROWTHSummaryBy drawing upon
Page 40 and 41: The impact would be to grow the pur
Page 42 and 43: 3. INEQUALITYSummaryAlready one of
Page 44 and 45: 2) The income gaps between incomes
Page 48 and 49: In MB, the long-sought goals of tra
Page 50 and 51: 5. MICROFINANCESummaryMeaningful Br
Page 52 and 53: Enhance interaction between farm co
Page 54 and 55: peer nations. 85 Recognizing this f
Page 56 and 57: For a full review on Measuring Econ
Page 58 and 59: Kingdom)—suggesting that the comp
Page 60 and 61: Assuming investors become convinced
Page 62 and 63: Thailand would emphasize its role a
Page 64 and 65: University, Chiang Mai University,
Page 66 and 67: egarding the 128 billion baht effor
Page 68 and 69: Finally, the question of whether a
Page 70 and 71: the government plans for such conce
Page 72 and 73: Consumer Broadband Connection Growt
Page 74 and 75: Appendix 2Data sources and charts t
Page 76 and 77: Thailand 5.2 4.9 2.2 -2.0 -3.2 3.0
Page 78 and 79: The World Bank, “Information and
Page 80 and 81: • Per capita GDP in 1980 (GDP80)5
Page 82 and 83: In 2006, 3.4 percent of the populat
Page 84 and 85: Relation between the Country ICT Pe
Page 86 and 87: APPENDIX 3The following chart indic
Page 88 and 89: Thailand Economic MonitorThe World
Page 90 and 91: MLD is one of these generalized ine
Page 92 and 93: APPENDIX 4Labor Force Survey 2009Ba
Page 94 and 95: APPENDIX 5Global Microscope on the
Page 96 and 97:
APPENDIX 6Malmquist Index 130The Ma
Page 98 and 99:
The chart below links uncertain gov
Page 100 and 101:
The chart below shows that, despite
Page 102 and 103:
The Global Competitiveness Report 2
Page 104 and 105:
APPENDIX 8R&D Expenditure and Gross
Page 106 and 107:
Meaningful Broadband Report 2.0 BRO
Page 108 and 109:
APPENDIX 9For an overview of best p
Page 110 and 111:
Europe: Broadband Stimulus Snapshot
Page 112 and 113:
Thailand’s Stimulus II, “Strong
Page 114 and 115:
Peer to peer learning.Use of blogs,
Page 116 and 117:
Economic Multiplier Impacts:This re
Page 118 and 119:
Informal Economy:This refers to the
Page 120 and 121:
M Factor:This refers to how “mean
Page 122 and 123:
equired to follow restrictions agai
Page 124 and 125:
MEANINGFUL BROADBAND WORKINGGROUP I
Page 126 and 127:
Can’t markets, left to themselves
Page 128:
How is the Office of the Prime Mini
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