Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Septic ... - Geoflow

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Additionally to the gas measurements, several water quality parameters were alsomeasured in both inlet and outlet chambers of the septic tank. The parameters measured includedCOD, dissolved solids, pH and redox potential. The results of the measurements obtained aresummarized in Table H-2.Table H-2. Summary of the Water Quality Results From Site 1.ParameterRedoxDate Sample location COD (mg/L) pHpotential(mV)Dissolvedsolids (mg/L)11/05/09 ST1-1-M a - 6.69 - 150 465ST1-2-M b - - - -11/12/09 ST1-1-M - 6.69 - 210 455ST1-2-M - 6.79 - 211 46311/19/09 ST1-1-M 225 6.80 -170 449ST1-2-M 170 6.85 -180 45012/03/09 ST1-1-M 289 6.83 - 185 473ST1-2-M 241 6.82 -206 480Mean value c 257 6.75 -188 459Standard deviation c 45 0.07 20 12Mean value d 206 6.82 -199 464Standard deviation d - 0.03 17 15aSeptic tank first compartment. The samples were taken one foot below the liquid surface.bSeptic tanks second compartment. The samples were taken one foot below the liquid surface.c Mean value and standard deviation from the values in the first compartment.d Mean value and standard deviation from the values in the second compartmentWater samples were also collected at both compartments of the septic tank to determinethe amount of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide present in solution. A summary each ofthe dissolved gases calculated per compartment are presented in Table H-3.Table H-3. Summary of Dissolved Methane Measured in Each Compartment of the Septic Tank.Gas measurement (g/capita·d)Date Sample Methane Carbon dioxide Nitrous oxide11/12/09 ST1-1-L a 2.71 5.63 0.0ST1-2-L b 1.12 4.55 0.011/19/09 ST1-1-L 1.44 5.21 0.02ST1-2-L 1.14 6.74 0.0212/03/09 ST1-1-L 1.65 7.61 0.02ST1-2-L 0.06 0.50 0.02Mean value a 1.93 6.15 0.01Mean value b 0.77 3.93 0.01a Septic tank first compartment.Septic tank second compartment.Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Septic Systems H-3
After the initial inspections, Site 1 was selected for venting and soil dispersal systemsampling. Samples from the vent system were taken at two different cleanout vents locatedbefore and after the septic tank. An anemometer was used to determine the air flow inside thevent pipe to calculate the flow rate and therefore the GHG emission rates. The air velocity in theventing pipes ranged from 35 to 100 ft/min. A summary of the average GHG emission rates fromthe vent system are presented in Table H-4.Table H-4. Average of GHG Emission Rates From the Vent System.Gas measurement (g/capita·d)AverageTemperature(°C)DateSamplelocation CH 4 CO 2 N 2 O11/10/09 V-1-1 a 12.11 710.65 0.49 1711/12/09 V-1-1 8.43 744.30 0.95 15V-1-2 b 0.03 637.43 0.52 1611/19/09 V-1-1 9.72 393.03 0.42 15V-1-2 0.03 10.93 0.02 1412/03/09 V-1-1 9.17 533.10 0.42 13V-1-2 0.0 69.21 0.09 1402/05/10 V-1-1 6.49 446.01 0.18 11V-1-2 0.06 432.79 0.18 10Mean value c 8.44 527.00 0.37Standard deviation c 0.01 103.62 0.08Mean value d 1.27 1.31 1.82Standard deviation d 6.60 0.97 6.09aCleanout vent located before the septic tank.b Cleanout vent located before the soil dispersal systemc Geometric mean value and standard deviation calculated to the cleanout vent located before theseptic tankdGeometric mean value and standard deviation calculated to the cleanout vent located before thesoil dispersal system.The main soil dispersal system characteristics are summarized in Table H-5. Six 12"inserts were installed to sample from the soil dispersal system. Five were distributed above thesystem and one was inserted outside the system for control purposes.Table H-5. General Characteristics of the Soil Dispersal System.Characteristic Value UnitArea 205 m 2Slope 20 %Number of trenches 3 -Rings installed 6 a -aFive distributed on the trenches and one located 10 ft awayfrom the dispersal system area for control purposes.H-4
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D e c e n t r a l i z e dEvaluation
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The Water Environment Research Foun
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ABSTRACT AND BENEFITSAbstract:This
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3.1.2 Flux Chamber Inserts for Sept
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LIST OF TABLESES-1 Summary of Metha
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3-7 Use of Flux Chamber in the Soil
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Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissi
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tank is converted anaerobically. Fu
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RecommendationsBased on the finding
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♦♦Collection of gas samples fro
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include Imhoff tanks, anaerobic baf
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2.2 Septic Tank CharacteristicsSept
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2.2.3 General Conversion Processes
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increase in thickness with daily so
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environmental damage and/or health
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Figure 2-6. The Intermediate Steps
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In anaerobic reactors, the alkalini
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epresentative concentrations. Inhib
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2.4 Gas Emissions from Septic Syste
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Figure 2-9. Flux Chamber Designed b
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due to settling and anaerobic diges
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total methane production value of 1
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2-26
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The main body of the flux chamber w
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3.1.3 Flux Chamber Design for Use i
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3.2 Sampling ProtocolsThe three pri
Page 53 and 54: 3.2.3 Sampling Method for Vent Syst
Page 55 and 56: 3.3 Gas AnalysisThe gas samples wer
Page 57 and 58: ppm (raw data from laboratory) were
Page 59 and 60: gal. Sites 5, 6, and 7 were the onl
Page 61 and 62: Table 4-2. Continued from previous
Page 63 and 64: Three of the septic tanks that appe
Page 65 and 66: steeper than that for the rest of t
Page 67 and 68: espectively, and for methane were 4
Page 69 and 70: oth before and after the septic tan
Page 71 and 72: noted that in this approach it is a
Page 73 and 74: The septic tank effluent CO 2 equiv
Page 75 and 76: (a)(b)Figure 5-9. Gas Emission Rate
Page 77 and 78: Figure 5-11. Emission Rates from Si
Page 79 and 80: (a)(b)Figure 5-13. Views of the Eff
Page 81 and 82: It is important to note that the U.
Page 83 and 84: ♦ Methane generated during the an
Page 85 and 86: A-2
Page 87 and 88: B. Based on COD Loading1. Determine
Page 89 and 90: C-2
Page 91 and 92: 2. First row of Table 23 from Sasse
Page 93 and 94: Biogas production = (COD inflow - C
Page 95 and 96: E-2
Page 97 and 98: SAMPLING FROM SOIL SURFACEDate:Hour
Page 99 and 100: F-4
Page 101 and 102: G-2
Page 103: DateSamplelocationGas measurement (
Page 107 and 108: H-2 Site 2The scum layer in the fir
Page 109 and 110: Table H-10. GHG Emission Rates From
Page 111 and 112: Table H-14. Summary of the Water Qu
Page 113 and 114: Table H-18. Summary of the Water Qu
Page 115 and 116: Table H-22. GHG Emission Rates from
Page 117 and 118: Sample Gas measurement (g/capita·d
Page 119 and 120: H-9 Summary of ResultsA summary of
Page 121 and 122: I-2
Page 123 and 124: Treatment in Decentralized Wastewat
Page 125 and 126: Philip, H., S. Maunoir, A. Rambaud,
Page 127 and 128: Winfrey, M.R. and J.G. Zeikus (1977
Page 129 and 130: Fort Worth, City ofHouston, City of
Page 132: W E R F P r o d u c t O r d e r F o
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