Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Septic ... - Geoflow

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Table H-20. Summary of the Water Quality Results from Site 7.ParameterRedoxDate Sample location COD (mg/L) pHpotential(mV)Dissolvedsolids (mg/L)11/05/09 ST7-1-M a - 6.61 -201 649ST7-2-M b - 6.89 -180 68211/17/09 ST7-1-M - 6.52 -170 560ST7-2-M - 6.74 -220 59012/01/09 ST7-1-M 408 6.56 -196 607ST7-2-M 306 6.69 -195 604Mean value c - 6.56 -189 605Standard deviation c - 0.05 17 45Mean value d - 6.77 -198 625Standard deviation d - 0.10 20 50a Septic tank first compartment. The sample was taken one foot below the liquid surface.bSeptic tanks second compartment. The sample was taken one foot below the liquid surface.c Mean value and standard deviation from the values in the first compartment.d Mean value and standard deviation from the values in the second compartment.Water samples were also collected at both compartments of the septic tank to determine theamount of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide present in solution. A summary of thedissolved gases calculated per compartment are presented in Table H-21.Table H-21. Summary of Dissolved Methane Measured in Each Compartment of the Septic Tank.Gas measurement (g/capita·d)Date Sample Methane Carbon dioxide Nitrous oxide11/17/09 ST7-1-L a 0.29 1.88 0.01ST7-2-L b 0.0 0.17 0.0112/01/09 ST7-1-L 0.94 6.6 0.0ST7-2-L 0.0 0.18 0.0Mean value a 0.61 4.24 0.005Mean value b 0.0 0.17 0.0a Septic tank first compartment.Septic tank second compartmentSite 7 was selected to be sampled in more detailed. Therefore, gas samples were taken atthe septic tank, vent and soil dispersal systems. Samples from the vent system were taken at thecleanout vent located before the septic tank. Air velocity measured in the passive house ventingsystems ranged from 40 to 100 ft/min when an effluent filter was not present. Effluent filtersreduced the air flow through the vent system to a range of 0 to 0.1 m/s (0 to 10 ft/min). Theresults from the vent systems measurements are summarized in Table H-22.Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Septic Systems H-13
Table H-22. GHG Emission Rates from the Vent System.Gas measurement (g/capita·d)AverageDateSamplelocation CH 4 CO 2 N 2 OTemperature(°C)11/17/09 V7-1EF a 31.73 192.56 0.21 1412/01/09 V7-1EF 7.53 57.73 0.01 17V7-1OF b 5.51 36.18 0.0 13V7-1WEF c 14.89 115.75 0.02 12Mean value a 13.39 93.47 0.04a The vent system samples were typically taken without opening the tank lids and with theinstalled effluent filter. The mean was calculated using the results from the two sampling eventsperformed in this conditions.bVent sample taken using a biotube effluent filter model FTi0418-S from Orenco Systems, Inc.c Vent sample taken without the effluent filter and tank lids off.The main soil dispersal system characteristics are summarized in Table H-23. Six 12"inserts were installed to sample from the soil dispersal system. Five were distributed above thesystem and one was inserted outside the system for control purposes.Table H-23. General Characteristics of the Soil Dispersal System.Characteristic Value UnitArea 650 m 2Slope 8.5 %Number of trenches 3 -Rings installed 6 a -aFive distributed on the trenches and one located 6 ft away from the dispersalsystem area for control purposes.Gas samples were taken and analyzed for methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide.During the first set of measurements, methane gas was detected once in one of the rings but notin the control one. In the second sampling date, the carbon dioxide emission rates values weresimilar or less than the control value and nitrous oxide emission rates were double than thecontrol value but the amount is not significant. A summary of the results from the soil dispersalsystem at Site 7 are found in Table H-24.H-14
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D e c e n t r a l i z e dEvaluation
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The Water Environment Research Foun
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ABSTRACT AND BENEFITSAbstract:This
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3.1.2 Flux Chamber Inserts for Sept
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LIST OF TABLESES-1 Summary of Metha
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3-7 Use of Flux Chamber in the Soil
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Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissi
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tank is converted anaerobically. Fu
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RecommendationsBased on the finding
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♦♦Collection of gas samples fro
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include Imhoff tanks, anaerobic baf
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2.2 Septic Tank CharacteristicsSept
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2.2.3 General Conversion Processes
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increase in thickness with daily so
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environmental damage and/or health
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Figure 2-6. The Intermediate Steps
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In anaerobic reactors, the alkalini
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epresentative concentrations. Inhib
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2.4 Gas Emissions from Septic Syste
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Figure 2-9. Flux Chamber Designed b
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due to settling and anaerobic diges
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total methane production value of 1
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2-26
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The main body of the flux chamber w
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3.1.3 Flux Chamber Design for Use i
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3.2 Sampling ProtocolsThe three pri
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3.2.3 Sampling Method for Vent Syst
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3.3 Gas AnalysisThe gas samples wer
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ppm (raw data from laboratory) were
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gal. Sites 5, 6, and 7 were the onl
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Table 4-2. Continued from previous
Page 63 and 64: Three of the septic tanks that appe
Page 65 and 66: steeper than that for the rest of t
Page 67 and 68: espectively, and for methane were 4
Page 69 and 70: oth before and after the septic tan
Page 71 and 72: noted that in this approach it is a
Page 73 and 74: The septic tank effluent CO 2 equiv
Page 75 and 76: (a)(b)Figure 5-9. Gas Emission Rate
Page 77 and 78: Figure 5-11. Emission Rates from Si
Page 79 and 80: (a)(b)Figure 5-13. Views of the Eff
Page 81 and 82: It is important to note that the U.
Page 83 and 84: ♦ Methane generated during the an
Page 85 and 86: A-2
Page 87 and 88: B. Based on COD Loading1. Determine
Page 89 and 90: C-2
Page 91 and 92: 2. First row of Table 23 from Sasse
Page 93 and 94: Biogas production = (COD inflow - C
Page 95 and 96: E-2
Page 97 and 98: SAMPLING FROM SOIL SURFACEDate:Hour
Page 99 and 100: F-4
Page 101 and 102: G-2
Page 103 and 104: DateSamplelocationGas measurement (
Page 105 and 106: After the initial inspections, Site
Page 107 and 108: H-2 Site 2The scum layer in the fir
Page 109 and 110: Table H-10. GHG Emission Rates From
Page 111 and 112: Table H-14. Summary of the Water Qu
Page 113: Table H-18. Summary of the Water Qu
Page 117 and 118: Sample Gas measurement (g/capita·d
Page 119 and 120: H-9 Summary of ResultsA summary of
Page 121 and 122: I-2
Page 123 and 124: Treatment in Decentralized Wastewat
Page 125 and 126: Philip, H., S. Maunoir, A. Rambaud,
Page 127 and 128: Winfrey, M.R. and J.G. Zeikus (1977
Page 129 and 130: Fort Worth, City ofHouston, City of
Page 132: W E R F P r o d u c t O r d e r F o
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