Shared Decision-Making in Mental Health Care - SAMHSA Store ...

101ences). Some of these Web-based materials probably also meet the more rigorouscriteria established by the Cochrane Collaboration, explained in the following pages.Geared to Professionals or to ConsumersThis paper focuses primarily on DAs intended for use by health care consumers.There are also different kinds of DAs that are intended for use by health care clinicians.These tools are necessarily of a very different nature, and are not in fact decisionaids as defined here. Yet they are important because they are likely to shapethe thinking and practice of providers. However, such tools may weigh options andexpected outcomes in a very different manner than consumer DAs (Hunink, 2001).Sources of DAs for Physical Health IssuesAs suggested in the preceding discussion, there are numerous approaches to the developmentof DAs using a variety of technologies. Given the goals of the Institute ofMedicine, the Annapolis Coalition, and many individuals in recovery from mentalillnesses, it seems likely that more DAs intended for mental health consumers will bedeveloped. At present, DAs are used primarily in physical health care. This sectionidentifies some of the key sources of these aids and describes the kinds of materialsthey offer. However, evaluating the quality of the information they present is beyondthe scope of this paper.Lists of DAsSeveral organizations maintain lists of DAs developed elsewhere. At least one of theseorganizations offers assistance in determining the quality of the aids themselves byevaluating whether they meet the standards established by the International PatientDecision Aids Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration, previously discussed. Note that thislist is not exhaustive, nor is it intended to endorse any of the organizations involved.Ottawa Health Research Institute (OHRI). The Ottawa Health Research Institute(OHRI), the research arm of the Ottawa Hospital and affiliated with the Universityof Ottawa, houses the Patient Decision Aids research group. The group and its director,Annette M. O’Connor, R.N., Ph.D., are international leaders in the design,evaluation, and dissemination of DAs. They have written numerous papers about theuse of DAs, and have prepared a Decision Aid Toolkit that guides others who wantto create DAs. In addition, they develop and test training programs for patients andhealth practitioners (O’Connor & Jacobsen, 2003). The Web site can be accessed athttp://decisionaid.ohri.ca.The Patient Decision Aids research group maintains an “A to Z Inventory” of availabledecision aids that have been developed by other organizations. DAs may beincluded in the inventory if they satisfy the Cochrane Collaboration definition of aShared Decision-Making in Mental Health Care: Practice, Research, and Future Directions