C# Language Specification - Willy .Net

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<strong>C#</strong> LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONusing System;[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = true)]public class AuthorAttribute: Attribute{public AuthorAttribute(string name) {this.name = name;}public string Name { get { return name;} }private string name;}defines a multi-use attribute class named AuthorAttribute. The example[Author("Brian Kernighan"), Author("Dennis Ritchie")]class Class1 {…}shows a class declaration with two uses of the Author attribute. end example]AttributeUsage has another named parameter (§24.1.2), called Inherited, which indicates whether theattribute, when specified on a base class, is also inherited by classes that derive from that base class. IfInherited for an attribute class is true, then that attribute is inherited. If Inherited for an attribute classis false then that attribute is not inherited. If it is unspecified, its default value is true.An attribute class X not having an AttributeUsage attribute attached to it, as inusing System;class X: Attribute { … }is equivalent to the following:using System;[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited =true)]class X: Attribute { … }24.1.2 Positional and named parametersAttribute classes can have positional parameters and named parameters. Each public instance constructorfor an attribute class defines a valid sequence of positional parameters for that attribute class. Each nonstaticpublic read-write field and property for an attribute class defines a named parameter for the attributeclass.[Example: The exampleusing System;[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class)]public class HelpAttribute: Attribute{public HelpAttribute(string url) { // url is a positional parameter…}public string Topic { // Topic is a named parameterget {…}set {…}}public string Url { get {…} }}defines an attribute class named HelpAttribute that has one positional parameter (string url) and onenamed parameter (string Topic). Although it is non-static and public, the property Url does not define anamed parameter, since it is not read-write.This attribute class might be used as follows:[Help("http://www.mycompany.com/…/Class1.htm")]class Class1{}306
Chapter 24 Attributesend example][Help("http://www.mycompany.com/…/Misc.htm", Topic ="Class2")]class Class2{}24.1.3 Attribute parameter typesThe types of positional and named parameters for an attribute class are limited to the attribute parametertypes, which are:• One of the following types: bool, byte, char, double, float, int, long, short, string.• The type object.• The type System.Type.• An enum type, provided it has public accessibility and the types in which it is nested (if any) also havepublic accessibility.• Single-dimensional arrays of the above types.24.2 Attribute specificationAttribute specification is the application of a previously defined attribute to a declaration. An attribute is apiece of additional declarative information that is specified for a declaration. Attributes can be specified atglobal scope (to specify attributes on the containing assembly) and for type-declarations (§16.5), classmember-declarations(§17.2), struct-member-declarations (§18.2), interface-member-declarations (§20.2),enum-member-declarations (§21.1), accessor-declarations (§17.6.2), event-accessor-declarations (§17.7),and formal-parameter-lists (§17.5.1).Attributes are specified in attribute sections. An attribute section consists of a pair of square brackets, whichsurround a comma-separated list of one or more attributes. The order in which attributes are specified insuch a list, and the order in which sections attached to the same program entity are arranged, is notsignificant. For instance, the attribute specifications [A][B], [B][A], [A, B], and [B, A] are equivalent.global-attributes:global-attribute-sectionsglobal-attribute-sections:global-attribute-sectionglobal-attribute-sections global-attribute-sectionglobal-attribute-section:[ global-attribute-target-specifier attribute-list ][ global-attribute-target-specifier attribute-list , ]global-attribute-target-specifier:global-attribute-target :global-attribute-target:assemblyattributes:attribute-sectionsattribute-sections:attribute-sectionattribute-sections attribute-sectionattribute-section:[ attribute-target-specifier opt attribute-list ][ attribute-target-specifier opt attribute-list , ]307
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Standard ECMA-3342nd edition - Dece
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Brief historyThis International Sta
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION9.3.3 Whit
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Table of Contents18.3.5 Boxing and
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Table of ContentsA.2.12 Attributes.
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Chapter 1 Scope1. ScopeThis clause
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA conformi
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Chapter 4 Definitions4. Definitions
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Chapter 5 Notational conventions5.
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Chapter 7 General description7. Gen
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The pr
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONresults in
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION8.2.3 Arra
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONclass Test
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpre: x = 1
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public vo
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONPrecedence
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONdo stateme
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}}set {MyF
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONButton b =
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONclass Test
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe exampl
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONstructs ar
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONAn interes
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe next s
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION// Author
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure9. Lexic
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure9.3.2 Co
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureclass Cl
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Chapter 9 Lexical structurekeyword:
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Chapter 9 Lexical structurereal-typ
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureverbatim
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure#if Bvoi
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure#define
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts10. Basic
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts• Each b
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts10.5.3 Pro
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsclass Deri
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsnamespace
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts}}// A and
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONfloating-p
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION11.1.6 The
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION11.2.4 Int
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Chapter 12 Variables12. VariablesVa
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Chapter 12 Variables• Static vari
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Chapter 12 Variables12.3.3.6 Switch
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Chapter 12 Variables• The definit
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Chapter 12 Variablesassignment expr
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Chapter 12 Variableso Otherwise, if
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Chapter 13 Conversions13. Conversio
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Chapter 13 Conversions• A constan
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Chapter 13 Conversions13.2.2 Explic
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Chapter 13 Conversions13.4.2 Evalua
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Chapter 13 Conversionsthen the conv
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.1.1 Val
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.4 Funct
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONConstruct
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• Parent
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA namespac
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONthe using-
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Chapter 17 Classes17. ClassesA clas
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Chapter 17 Classes(§14.5.4), insta
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Chapter 17 ClassesSystem.Int32 Syst
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Chapter 17 Classesaccessor-declarat
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Chapter 17 ClassesAn event declarat
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONSystem.Win
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}// Namesp
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONE.2.14 Thi
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