C# Language Specification - Willy .Net

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<strong>C#</strong> LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION// Begin class1.csusing System;using System.Diagnostics;class Class1{[Conditional("DEBUG")]public virtual void M() {Console.WriteLine("Class1.M executed");}}// End class1.cs// Begin class2.csusing System;class Class2: Class1{public override void M() {Console.WriteLine("Class2.M executed");base.M();// base.M is not called!}}// End class2.cs// Begin class3.cs#define DEBUGusing System;class Class3{public static void Test() {Class2 c = new Class2();c.M();// M is called}}// End class3.csClass2 includes a call to the M defined in its base class. This call is omitted because the base method isconditional based on the presence of the symbol DEBUG, which is undefined. Thus, the method writes to theconsole “Class2.M executed” only. Judicious use of pp-declarations can eliminate such problems. endexample]24.4.3 The Obsolete attributeThe attribute Obsolete is used to mark types and members of types that should no longer be used.using System;[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Struct |AttributeTargets.Enum | AttributeTargets.Interface |AttributeTargets.Delegate | AttributeTargets.Method |AttributeTargets.Constructor | AttributeTargets.Property |AttributeTargets.Field | AttributeTargets.Event)]public class ObsoleteAttribute: Attribute{public ObsoleteAttribute() {…}public ObsoleteAttribute(string message) {…}public ObsoleteAttribute(string message, bool error) {…}public string Message { get {…} }public bool IsError{ get {…} }}If a program uses a type or member that is decorated with the Obsolete attribute, then the compiler shallissue a warning or error in order to alert the developer, so the offending code can be fixed. Specifically, thecompiler shall issue a warning if no error parameter is provided, or if the error parameter is provided and hasthe value false. The compiler shall issue a compile-time error if the error parameter is specified and has thevalue true.314
Chapter 24 Attributes[Example: In the example[Obsolete("This class is obsolete; use class B instead")]class A{public void F() {}}class B{public void F() {}}class Test{static void Main() {A a = new A(); // warninga.F();}}the class A is decorated with the Obsolete attribute. Each use of A in Main results in a warning thatincludes the specified message, “This class is obsolete; use class B instead.”end example]315
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Standard ECMA-3342nd edition - Dece
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Brief historyThis International Sta
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION9.3.3 Whit
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Table of Contents18.3.5 Boxing and
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Table of ContentsA.2.12 Attributes.
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Chapter 1 Scope1. ScopeThis clause
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA conformi
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Chapter 4 Definitions4. Definitions
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Chapter 5 Notational conventions5.
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Chapter 7 General description7. Gen
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The pr
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONresults in
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION8.2.3 Arra
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONclass Test
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpre: x = 1
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public vo
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONPrecedence
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONdo stateme
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}}set {MyF
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public st
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONButton b =
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONclass Test
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe exampl
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONstructs ar
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONAn interes
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe next s
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION// Author
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure9. Lexic
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure9.3.2 Co
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureclass Cl
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Chapter 9 Lexical structurekeyword:
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Chapter 9 Lexical structurereal-typ
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureverbatim
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure#if Bvoi
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure#define
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureclass He
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts10. Basic
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts• Each b
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts• The me
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts• If the
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts10.5.3 Pro
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsdeclared i
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsIn the F m
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsclass Deri
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsnamespace
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts}}// A and
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONfloating-p
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The by
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION11.1.6 The
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION11.2.4 Int
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Chapter 12 Variables12. VariablesVa
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Chapter 12 Variables• Following t
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Chapter 12 Variables• Static vari
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Chapter 12 Variables12.3.3.6 Switch
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Chapter 12 Variables• The definit
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Chapter 12 Variablesassignment expr
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Chapter 12 Variableso Otherwise, if
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Chapter 13 Conversions13. Conversio
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Chapter 13 Conversions• A constan
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Chapter 13 Conversions13.2.2 Explic
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Chapter 13 Conversions13.4.2 Evalua
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Chapter 13 Conversionsthen the conv
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.1.1 Val
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe overlo
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONWhen overl
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.4 Funct
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONConstruct
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONWhen a fun
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If T 2
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONobject o =
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.5.4 Mem
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe primar
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The va
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONUnary oper
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONnonnegativ
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe new de
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONFor non-co
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.6.2 Una
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe gramma
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONand y are
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONy +0 -0 +
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONE operator
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONequality-e
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe result
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If eit
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONwords, the
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If X a
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public in
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• Parent
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONthe second
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONvoid Proce
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe type a
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONenclosed i
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONvoid DoCom
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONfor-initia
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONIEnumerato
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION15.9.2 The
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If the
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONWithin a c
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION15.12 The
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}}using (T
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA namespac
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONAbove, N3
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONthe using-
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Chapter 17 Classes17. ClassesA clas
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Chapter 17 ClassesThe direct base c
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Chapter 17 Classesthe same class, a
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Chapter 17 Classes(§14.5.4), insta
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Chapter 17 Classesshows this techni
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Chapter 17 Classes17.2.7.2 Member N
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Chapter 17 Classesfield-modifier:ne
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Chapter 17 Classesusing System;name
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Chapter 17 Classes}static void Main
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Chapter 17 Classesthe variable init
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Chapter 17 ClassesA method invocati
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Chapter 17 Classes17.5.1.4 Paramete
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Chapter 17 ClassesSystem.Int32 Syst
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Chapter 17 Classesclass Test{static
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Chapter 17 Classes}public virtual v
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Chapter 17 Classes17.5.8 Method bod
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Chapter 17 Classesaccessor-declarat
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Chapter 17 Classesthe P property in
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Chapter 17 ClassesThe Console class
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Chapter 17 Classesremove-accessor-d
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Chapter 17 Classes}public event D E
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Chapter 17 ClassesAn event declarat
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Chapter 17 Classes}public BitArray(
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Chapter 17 Classesbinary-operator-d
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Chapter 17 ClassesA conversion oper
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Chapter 17 Classes17.10.1 Construct
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Chapter 17 Classesclass A{int x, y,
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONType Case
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION[Flags]pub
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONSystem.Win
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION{}public A
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}// Namesp
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public ov
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpublic sta
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION{}public D
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public ab
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpublic sea
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}protected
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}comparand
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public No
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION// Namespa
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public vi
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION// Namespa
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public vi
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpublic Str
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public ov
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION{}public c
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public bo
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}Enclosing
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public Ve
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONAlthough d
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpublic cla
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION/// This c
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONE.2.14 Thi
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION"T:Color""
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONnamespace
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}if (GetTy
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThis metho
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION< 163> ...
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONevent.....
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONdestructor
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONinvocation
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONextensions
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONdeclaratio
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONvolatile .
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