C# Language Specification - Willy .Net

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<strong>C#</strong> LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONnamespace Acme{class Widget: IProcess{public static Widget operator+(Widget x) { /* … */ }}}"M:Acme.Widget.op_UnaryPlus(Acme.Widget)"The complete set of unary operator function names used is as follows: op_UnaryPlus,op_UnaryNegation, op_LogicalNot, op_OnesComplement, op_Increment, op_Decrement,op_True, and op_False.• Binary operators.namespace Acme{class Widget: IProcess{public static Widget operator+(Widget x1, Widget x2) { return x1; }}}"M:Acme.Widget.op_Addition(Acme.Widget,Acme.Widget)"The complete set of binary operator function names used is as follows: op_Addition,op_Subtraction, op_Multiply, op_Division, op_Modulus, op_BitwiseAnd, op_BitwiseOr,op_ExclusiveOr, op_LeftShift, op_RightShift, op_Equality, op_Inequality,op_LessThan, op_LessThanOrEqual, op_GreaterThan, and op_GreaterThanOrEqual.• Conversion operators have a trailing '~' followed by the return type.namespace Acme{class Widget: IProcess{public static explicit operator int(Widget x) { /* … */ }public static implicit operator long(Widget x) { /* … */ }}}"M:Acme.Widget.op_Explicit(Acme.Widget)~System.Int32""M:Acme.Widget.op_Implicit(Acme.Widget)~System.Int64"E.4 An exampleE.4.1 <strong>C#</strong> source codeThe following example shows the source code of a Point class:namespace Graphics{/// Class Point models a point in a two-dimensional plane./// public class Point{/// Instance variable x represents the point's/// x-coordinate.private int x;/// Instance variable y represents the point's/// y-coordinate.private int y;444
Appendix E Documentation Comments/// Property X represents the point's x-coordinate.public int X{get { return x; }set { x = value; }}/// Property Y represents the point's y-coordinate.public int Y{get { return y; }set { y = value; }}/// This constructor initializes the new Point to/// (0,0).public Point() : this(0,0) {}/// This constructor initializes the new Point to/// (,)./// xor is the new Point's x-coordinate./// yor is the new Point's y-coordinate.public Point(int xor, int yor) {X = xor;Y = yor;}/// This method changes the point's location to/// the given coordinates./// xor is the new x-coordinate./// yor is the new y-coordinate./// public void Move(int xor, int yor) {X = xor;Y = yor;}/// This method changes the point's location by/// the given x- and y-offsets./// For example:/// /// Point p = new Point(3,5);/// p.Translate(-1,3);/// /// results in p's having the value (2,8)./// /// /// xor is the relative x-offset./// yor is the relative y-offset./// public void Translate(int xor, int yor) {X += xor;Y += yor;}/// This method determines whether two Points have the same/// location./// o is the object to be compared to the current object./// /// True if the Points have the same location and they have/// the exact same type; otherwise, false./// /// public override bool Equals(object o) {if (o == null) {return false;}if (this == o) {return true;}445
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Standard ECMA-3342nd edition - Dece
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Brief historyThis International Sta
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION9.3.3 Whit
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Table of Contents18.3.5 Boxing and
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Table of ContentsA.2.12 Attributes.
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Chapter 1 Scope1. ScopeThis clause
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA conformi
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Chapter 4 Definitions4. Definitions
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Chapter 5 Notational conventions5.
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Chapter 7 General description7. Gen
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The pr
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONresults in
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION8.2.3 Arra
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONclass Test
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpre: x = 1
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public vo
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONPrecedence
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONdo stateme
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}}set {MyF
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public st
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONButton b =
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONclass Test
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe exampl
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONstructs ar
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONAn interes
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe next s
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION// Author
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure9. Lexic
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure9.3.2 Co
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureclass Cl
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Chapter 9 Lexical structurekeyword:
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Chapter 9 Lexical structurereal-typ
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureverbatim
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure#if Bvoi
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Chapter 9 Lexical structure#define
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Chapter 9 Lexical structureclass He
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts10. Basic
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts• Each b
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts• The me
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts• If the
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts10.5.3 Pro
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsdeclared i
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsIn the F m
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsclass Deri
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Chapter 10 Basic conceptsnamespace
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Chapter 10 Basic concepts}}// A and
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONfloating-p
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The by
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION11.1.6 The
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION11.2.4 Int
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Chapter 12 Variables12. VariablesVa
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Chapter 12 Variables• Following t
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Chapter 12 Variables• Static vari
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Chapter 12 Variables12.3.3.6 Switch
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Chapter 12 Variables• The definit
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Chapter 12 Variablesassignment expr
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Chapter 12 Variableso Otherwise, if
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Chapter 13 Conversions13. Conversio
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Chapter 13 Conversions• A constan
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Chapter 13 Conversions13.2.2 Explic
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Chapter 13 Conversions13.4.2 Evalua
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Chapter 13 Conversionsthen the conv
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.1.1 Val
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe overlo
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONWhen overl
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.4 Funct
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONConstruct
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONWhen a fun
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If T 2
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONobject o =
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.5.4 Mem
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe primar
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The va
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONUnary oper
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONnonnegativ
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe new de
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONFor non-co
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION14.6.2 Una
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe gramma
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONand y are
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONy +0 -0 +
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONE operator
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONequality-e
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe result
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If eit
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONwords, the
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If X a
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public in
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• Parent
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONthe second
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONvoid Proce
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe type a
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONenclosed i
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONvoid DoCom
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONfor-initia
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONIEnumerato
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• If the
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONWithin a c
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION15.12 The
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}}using (T
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA namespac
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONAbove, N3
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONthe using-
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Chapter 17 Classes17. ClassesA clas
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Chapter 17 ClassesThe direct base c
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Chapter 17 Classesthe same class, a
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Chapter 17 Classes(§14.5.4), insta
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Chapter 17 Classesshows this techni
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Chapter 17 Classes17.2.7.2 Member N
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Chapter 17 Classesfield-modifier:ne
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Chapter 17 Classesusing System;name
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Chapter 17 Classes}static void Main
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Chapter 17 Classesthe variable init
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Chapter 17 ClassesA method invocati
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Chapter 17 Classes17.5.1.4 Paramete
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Chapter 17 ClassesSystem.Int32 Syst
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Chapter 17 Classesclass Test{static
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Chapter 17 Classes}public virtual v
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Chapter 17 Classes17.5.8 Method bod
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Chapter 17 Classesaccessor-declarat
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Chapter 17 Classesthe P property in
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Chapter 17 ClassesThe Console class
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Chapter 17 Classesremove-accessor-d
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Chapter 17 Classes}public event D E
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Chapter 17 ClassesAn event declarat
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Chapter 17 Classes}public BitArray(
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Chapter 17 Classesbinary-operator-d
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Chapter 17 ClassesA conversion oper
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Chapter 17 Classes17.10.1 Construct
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Chapter 17 Classesclass A{int x, y,
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Chapter 17 ClassesThe identifier of
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Chapter 17 Classesisusing System;cl
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONInterface
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public Ke
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION18.4.1 Dat
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONint[,] b =
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONIt is a co
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION20.2.3 Int
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONinterface
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONparticular
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONIf a class
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONclass Text
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONabstract c
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONenum-modif
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONEnum membe
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONdelegate i
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONusing Syst
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Chapter 23 Exceptions23. Exceptions
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Chapter 24 Attributes24. Attributes
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Chapter 24 Attributesend example][H
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Chapter 24 Attributesaffirm the def
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Chapter 24 Attributesusing System;[
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Chapter 24 Attributesusing System;u
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Chapter 24 Attributes[Example: In t
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONinterface-
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONunmanaged-
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION• The st
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION25.5.1 Poi
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONcompile-ti
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe result
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe third
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION[Example:
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONThe exampl
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONinput-char
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA.1.8 Lite
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA.1.10 Pre
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION342type-na
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONmember-acc
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONassignment
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONwhile-stat
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA.2.6 Clas
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONmember-nam
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONoperator-m
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONrank-speci
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONA.2.12 Att
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONfixed-poin
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION10. The re
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONType Case
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION[Flags]pub
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONSystem.Win
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION{}public A
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}// Namesp
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public ov
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONpublic sta
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION{}public D
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C# LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION}public ab
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