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351Reports andcertificationsConsolidatedannual financialstatementsShareholdermeeting mattersDefinitions andabbreviationsInstrumentcodesContactdetailsnotes to the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 201036 INTANGIBLE ASSETSClientrelationships,Rm Goodwill SoftwareSoftwaredevelopmentcostscontractualrights andother Total2010CostBalance at the beginning of the year 6 458 4 249 973 653 12 333Acquisitions 154 570 724Development costs commissioned to software 423 (423) –Impairment losses (54) (54)Disposals and retirements (4) (4)Grossdown of carrying value/amortisation* (35) (85) (120)Foreign currency translation and other movements (36) 7 (29)Balance at the end of the year 6 422 4 794 981 653 12 850Accumulated amortisation and impairment lossesBalance at the beginning of the year 1 477 3 181 222 38 4 918Amortisation charge 496 64 560Disposals and retirements (4) (4)Grossdown of carrying value/amortisation* (35) (85) (120)Foreign currency translation and other movements 2 2Balance at the end of the year 1 477 3 640 137 102 5 356Carrying amountAt the beginning of the year 4 981 1 068 751 615 7 415At the end of the year 4 945 1 154 844 551 7 4942009CostBalance at the beginning of the year 5 371 3 683 896 9 950Acquisitions 1 126 153 526 653 2 458Development costs commissioned to software 439 (439) –Impairment losses (1) (10) (11)Disposals and retirements (12) (12)Foreign currency translation and other movements (39) (13) (52)Balance at the end of the year 6 458 4 249 973 653 12 333Accumulated amortisation and impairment lossesBalance at the beginning of the year 1 477 2 750 222 4 449Amortisation charge 459 38 497Disposals and retirements (16) (16)Foreign currency translation and other movements (12) (12)Balance at the end of the year 1 477 3 181 222 38 4 918Carrying amountAt the beginning of the year 3 894 933 674 – 5 501At the end of the year 4 981 1 068 751 615 7 415* The group implemented a new system for the recording, valuation and calculation of amortisation so as to improve the recording of its software and softwaredevelopment costs. This has resulted in a grossdown being required for both the carrying value and the related accumulated amortisation for assets recorded on a netbasis in the previous system.