Managing Complications in Pregnancy and Childbirth: - IAWG

S-76 Malpositions and malpresentationsBREECH PRESENTATION occurswhen the buttocks and/or the feet arethe presenting parts.On abdominal examination, thehead is felt in the upper abdomen andthe breech in the pelvic brim.Auscultation locates the fetal hearthigher than expected with a vertexpresentation.FIGURE S-20FIGURE S-21On vaginal examination duringlabour, the buttocks and/or feet arefelt; thick, dark meconium is normal.For management, see page S-79.COMPLETE (FLEXED) BREECHPRESENTATION occurs when bothlegs are flexed at the hips and knees(Fig S-20).FIGURE S-22FRANK (EXTENDED) BREECHPRESENTATION occurs when bothlegs are flexed at the hips and extendedat the knees (Fig S-21).FOOTLING BREECHPRESENTATION occurs when a legis extended at the hip and the knee(Fig S-22).TABLE S-12 Cont.Diagnosis of malpresentationsSymptoms and SignsFigure