HELLO from KOREA

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45 _ Culture Painting Koreans have painted from the very beginning. The earliest remaining murals are found in tombs of the Goguryeo Kingdom, dating back to the fourth century. Paintings from this period demonstrate Buddhist influences and already used shading techniques. The Academy of Painting was established in the early Goryeo period. The educated upper-class as well as professional painters trained at this academy painted with an increasing diversity of themes in addition to the Buddhist themes of the previous period: portraits, animals, and the Four Gentleman's Plants (sagunja) the plumtree, the chrysanthemum, the orchid, and the bamboo which represented four different virtues. As with calligraphy, paintings were done with brush and black ink on paper or silk, and emphasized line, texture, and proportion to create effects. Different styles continued to develop through the Joseon period, with the introduction of new Chinese styles as well as Western painting techniques. Color was also used in fresh and delicate tints in portraits and tableaux of nobility, usually relaxing and partying.
46 _ HELLO from KOREA Paintings by Kim Hong-do: Dancer and Musicians (left), Ssireum (right). Kim Hong-do (1745-?) In the world of Korean painting, there have been many brilliant talents, but among the best was Kim Hong-do. While his landscapes represent the best of Korea’s realism school and his portraits are greatly admired, he, along with Sin Yun-bok, is regarded as a flagbearer for the style of genre painting depicting the lives of common people, a style which emerged in the later Joseon period. Thus along with An Gyeon and Jang Seung-eop, he is considered one of the three great masters of the Joseon Dynasty. It is said that when he was young, not only was he talented, but also very charismatic, which perhaps added to his style and humor. He was reputed to be very attractive and outgoing, and was popular among his contemporaries; even the king liked him. When he was 29, he painted a portrait of the crown prince and when he was 44, he travelled around the country painting pictures of the local scenery, which were then sent to the king. In his 50s, he painted landscapes of mountains, trees and streams from real scenes and created works that were unique in their style and technique. Kim had an excellent sense of space, and used swift brush strokes to create strong lines, combining them with soft colors which well represented the emotions of the Korean people . In his later years he devoted himself to genre painting, the art that depicts scenes from the ordinary events of everyday life. This school of painting was an artistic criticism of the aristocratic yangban and their artistic tastes. This may have been somewhat surprising, since Kim was a painter employed by the government. His genre paintings included his typically adept depictions of mountains and streams, Taoist immortals, flowers and grasses, but the themes centered on people at work. His works influenced the styles of many painters to come and left a clear mark on the history of Korean art. His paintings have also served as documentation of the lives of the Korean people during the period. The paintings that still remain have been designated national treasures and are exhibited in major art museums. But like many other artistic geniuses, Kim Hong-do died lonely, suffering illness and poverty.
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HELLO from KOREA

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