SERGEI M EISENSTEIN

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endings of the tactile nerves are for the hand): but here already we have an Übergang* [in German: transition] also towards a real Raumkunst* [in German: art of space] in the visual arts (in the sense of sculpture), i.e., precisely the sought-for stadialprocess. 238 What’s more: a drawing on a flat plane – it is a dreidimensionaler* [in German: three-dimensional]gesture, leaningontheplane. In handwriting it is an unsuccessful “puncture” of the flat plane, expressing one’s own answering pressure (action = reaction) by a spreading of the head of thepen. With an exertion of pressure of the pen and the answering (equal to it) pressure oftheplaneonthepen–thelineofinktracesofthepenexpands. Ill. 61 – two drawings from Eisenstein’s notes showing the effect of drawing or writing on a flat plane exerting some pressure on the head of the pen: the mark becomes wider It’s interesting that the thickening of lines is read as… relief (cf. the engravings of Count Tolstoy for Sweetheart – strokes with thickening 239 ) – true, it seems that in the first place here there is an illusion of “shadow,” but not only that! Date: 21.I.48 The art of animation, i.e., the sequential disposition of drawn phases – of drawings of separate moments – into the continuity of motion, has its forerunner* in ballet (by the way, in the highest form of animation: audiovisual!). AtleastinDiaghilevinthetimeofFokine. Thereadingofposesfromvases. The arrangement of these poses in phases of motion through their union by meansofamovinghumandancer. Cf. Lifar’ (Diaghilev) 240 on his understanding of Nijinsky’s rehearsals of L’aprèsmidid’unfaune. Great* dynamic mumification 201
Date: 21. I. 48 The phenomenon of experiencing the impression of motion from the sequential disposition of different phases has been known for a very long time. The conjuring trick of a bush growing from a seed is based on this phenomenon. Bushesofvarioussizesarepresented totheviewerin succession– even with the useofashutter(coveringeach“phase”witha“magician’s”cape).Intheviewer’s perception they come together as the image of one growing bush! Ill. 62 – Drawing showing various phases of the growth of a bush (Verify with Houdini, The Unmasking of Robert Houdini) 241 Great! Date: 30.I.48 Multi-point montage (projection) Itshistory,beginningwiththeornament A quotation from Benvenuto Cellini: “I say that the art of sculpture is eight times as great as any other art based on drawing, becauseastatuehaseightviewsandtheymustbeequallygood… …Apaintingisnothingmorethanoneoftheeightprincipalviewsrequiredofastatue…”* January28,1547 LettertoBenedettoVarchi 242 Delaunay and Picasso “eightviews”ofastatuecombinedintooneinspace(deformed) pointillistetechniqueextendeduponsubjects Montage:eightviewspatchedtoeachotherandcombiningthemselvesin time.* 202 sergei m. eisenstein
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FILM THEORY IN MEDIA HISTORY SERGEI
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Film Theory in Media History explor
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This book is published in print and
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4. Act Now!, or For an Untimely Eis
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tors would like to warmly thank Jan
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not include here the diary entries
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Foreword Naum Kleiman In1997,onthee
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ideological “totalitarianism,”
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of writing the multivolume book on
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History of the USSR Academy of Scie
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Ill. 1 - A handwritten page from th
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Section 2 (Theory, History, Creatio
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dial perspective, as a medium remed
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only within the wider context of a
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three historicalperiods areintercut
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contained in Metod, the speech give
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One of the reasons why the Notes ca
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conception of the phases, while art
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presents it as one of the most impo
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ories continues to be present, and
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the past, the official aesthetic di
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In Montage, “synthesis” becomes
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ances of the idea of a total, synth
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“The Greeks, Diderot, Wagner, Scr
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sional films, as he writes in “Ab
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in literature in architecture etc.,
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up. The text “In Praise of the Ci
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nents. They both belong to “the h
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invented by Fox Talbot and the begi
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The only moment in which Eisenstein
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Khovanshchina, white as a tradition
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The myths and mysteries of Dionysus
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our perceptions work. This is not o
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is now what Eisenstein calls - with
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elements - a state that presumes th
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Such a dynamic generality of “the
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In writing poetry one is always aid
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His aspiration is toujours inassouv
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“primordial impulse” (ursprüng
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establishing the unmovable law of d
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time, the image of things is likewi
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possibilities, but rather thanks to
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[Riesenfilm] depicting the temporal
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panying “The Dramaturgy of Film F
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Both Eisenstein and Benjamin had fo
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In1932[sic]Ihadtriedtoorganizemythe
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Ill. 5 - A map drawn by Eisenstein
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Ill. 7 - Sergei M. Eisenstein, a dr
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The passage from the act of touchin
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total,environmentalworksofartcapabl
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montage, and later, audio-visual co
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same shift in awareness now as occu
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Part One Notes for a General Histor
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1 THE HEIR 1 Date: 22-26.X.1946 [RG
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The Phenomenon of Cinema (Historyof
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Throughallphenomenaofnature(biology
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CHRONICLE If we follow along the li
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Ill. 7 - Drawing showing an example
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2 DYNAMIC MUMMIFICATION NOTES FOR A
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Ill. 1 - A page from Eisenstein’s
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ence and the actors are one and the
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Date: Moscow, 10.VI.47 [RGALI1923-2
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Lostsecretsofpainterlyeffectsofearl
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image of an episode, the image of t
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Ill. 6 - Both Ill. 5 and 6 are take
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Ill. 9 - Another drawing containg a
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Ill. 11 - Hubert and Jan Van Eyck,
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Date: 24.XII.47 [Muzeikino40-1-12/1
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Ermolova 53 is“morerealistic”:t
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The pure reproduction of sound, as
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HISTORICAL EVALUATIONS Howtolookatd
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Multi-pointperspective.“TheLastSu
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#6. Color-stereo-television Briefsu
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The role of the development of the
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Page 166 and 167: Catalogue of the Nilsson Collection
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Page 172 and 173: Callot Misèresdelaguerre Edgar Deg
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Page 200 and 201: Ill. 58 - El Greco, The Agony in th
Page 204 and 205: And the most curious thing is that
Page 207 and 208: Ill. G, H, and I - Photograms from
Page 209 and 210: A Peruvian vessel with the sound of
Page 211 and 212: The Uzbeks’ need for incessant ba
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Page 215 and 216: Ill. 2 - Drawing dated 7.VII.47 on
Page 217 and 218: One can read the principle of “sy
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Page 226 and 227: 4 IN PRAISE OF THE CINE-CHRONICLE 1
Page 228 and 229: Incidentally, the prototype for thi
Page 230 and 231: Recollections of this phase (of the
Page 232 and 233: Thesecondsex*is“drawnon” forirr
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Page 236 and 237: The aestheticized game with levels
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Page 241 and 242: Ill. M, N, and O - Photograms from
Page 243 and 244: And more complex: metaphorical stru
Page 245 and 246: The year 1050. Lenses in antiquity.
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Page 249 and 250: Old and New didn’t turn out to be
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Part Two Essays
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Various (in terms of time) phases o
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From Expressive Movement to “Cine
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Ill. 2 - Honoré Daumier, Robert Ma
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disjunction as producing a “motor
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For Eisenstein, Futurism is little
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2. “The Heritage We Renounce”:
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goal was to encourage research and
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elations of intersection, belonging
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The case of Terry Ramsaye’s A Mil
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Kurt-WilhelmMarek(whosignedhistexts
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painters to raise a monument to the
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The “Cradle” of Cinema Oneofthe
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whole series of films dealing with
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course oneconsidersthehypermemoryto
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of a socio-political type often dom
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From then on Eisenstein connects go
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3. The Notes for a General History
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Ill. 1 - The first drawing: the bar
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An image of a barricade appears in
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the essential interpretation of phe
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note that this opposition between t
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4. Act Now!, or For an Untimely Eis
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Hugo Munsterberg was pioneering in
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with a language of ideas/sensations
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authorship of the film as it made p
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career. In the 1920s, of course, th
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Ill. 1 - Alexander Rodchenko, poste
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given in the form of single frames
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which, according to him, gave the e
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moment” which requires emphasis.
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which is neither fixed nor obvious.
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they are paranoid and instrumentali
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6. Eisenstein’s Absolutely Wonder
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which point towardagenealogical mod
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such chronologies lending themselve
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“here today, gone tomorrow,” or
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preted as a “displacement” in w
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7. Dynamic Typicality Abe Geil Eise
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present a “defined character pass
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caste system gave each person a phy
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years leading up to the adoption of
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Galton staked the superiority of hi
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ens to reverse the direction of cau
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principle of typicality offers a wa
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e seenfrom hisveryearly writingsBaz
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origin and descent. Reflecting on f
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metaphors lifted from biology. “T
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sublation. In fact one can even arg
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of art and the “realistic tendenc
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of an event (Memling, Botticelli’
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ary concepts as point of convergenc
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nant sound (dominante) is the princ
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internal affect takes place. Eisens
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English under the title “A Dialec
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Moreover, it is precisely the heter
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diction penetrates into the affect
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10. Distant Echoes 1 Arun Khopkar
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children, the craven-hearted and pr
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Nonanthropocentric View of the Worl
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workman’s tools, etc. One of the
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Everyone had drunk far too much tha
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Whether it is a sexual ecstasy, an
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mark next toit): “A friendly coop
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than a static one (the organism as
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It would be legitimate to recognize
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12. Eisenstein’s Mummy Complex: T
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ernity. One of the pillars of this
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tween them. The first category is d
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A pivot point in this conception, t
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“cine-chronicle” is thinking of
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ality for humanity and its subjecti
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13. Sergei Eisenstein and the Sovie
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was to focus on the Soviet cinema o
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neers such as Eisenstein) shaped mu
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the Venice Film Festival, sponsored
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claim to the universality of aesthe
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Bibliography Works by Eisenstein in
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Mettre en scène. Translated by Jac
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Ivanov, Viacheslav. “Estetika Eiz
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Roshal’, Lev. Gore umu, ili Eizen
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Iampolski,Mikhail.“TheoryasQuotat
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Taylor, Richard, and Ian Christie,
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Works on Eisenstein’s Drawings Ai
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6. Kinovedcheskie zapiski 36/37 (19
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5. In his essay published in this v
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28. The notion of “cultural serie
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Montage forthcoming from the Univer
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expressive movement of plants] […
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98. Montazh, p. 400. 99. Towards a
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cinematic dispositif as an open, fl
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indifferente (Venezia: Marsilio, 19
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244. Ibid., p. 12. 245. On the pres
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267. Jean Epstein, “L’Intellige
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315. Onthewayinwhichdifferentdefini
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Spanish bandit El Maragato, in 1806
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2. Verweile doch, du bist so schön
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once set off down such a promising
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[“Dvizhenie tsveta”] for the un
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“Pushkin and Gogol” (1946-48) h
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piecesofmusicandcreatedabout300pain
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along with a plan of the city. The
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1948) (cf. S.M. Eisenstein, Glass H
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108. Reference to one of the most p
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134. Eisenstein devoted several ent
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154. About this see Eisenstein’s
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illustrations by Gustave Doré (183
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Eisenstein of “thingism” [veshc
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Fedotov (1815-1852), one of Eisenst
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ofnatural phenomena andofthemytholo
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to shoot double exposures for Bezhi
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cinemawizardoftelevision,whowillbef
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4. Eisenstein writes about this in
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16. Unit 881, fund 1923, opus 2, Ru
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thousands of European and American
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“teleological” default for whic
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46. Georges Friedmann, “Sur une h
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EarlySovietCulture(DeKalb:NorthernI
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themselves” without the interfere
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sculptural group on the opera build
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characters’; in other words of an
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3. Lev Vygotsky, The Psychology of
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[New Brunswick: Rutgers University
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Turn-of-the-Century.” in Rethinki
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37. Galton, Inquiries into Human Fa
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26. Cf. my “A Cinema of Memory in
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31. “À partir de la félicité d
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7. Many of the traditional theatric
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deities, many of which are phenomen
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12. Philip Rosen, Eisenstein’s Mu
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17. Cristophe Dupin, “The Postwar
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Index of names NB The page numbers
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Brasillach, Robert 21, 272, 274, 32
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Didi-Huberman, Georges 7, 309-321,
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Grosz, George 57, 165, 335 Grusin,
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Lawrence, D.H. (David Herbert) 435
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Nil'sen, Vladimir 481 Nirnsee, Erns
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Salis, Rodolphe 274 Salome 69 Salt,
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Vatsyayan, Kapila 516 Veiller, Baya
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Contributors The Editors NaumKleima
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and Television, Comparative Critica
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uted seminal papers on film aesthet
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SERGEI M EISENSTEIN

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