SERGEI M EISENSTEIN

illustrations by Gustave Doré (1832-1883). In his engravings the artist depicted “the
old men, the orphans, the lame, and the blind”.
178. Eisenstein writes llamentos instead of lamentos.
179. Pavel Timofeevich Gorgulov (1895-1932) was a Russian émigré, poet, nationalist,
who in 1932 assassinated the French President Paul Du Maire.
180. Malmaison–apalacesituatedat20kmfromParis–servedfrom1799to1802asthe
official residence of Napoléon and Josephine Bonaparte. In 1906 it became a
museum dedicated to the Napoleonic era, with a number of portraits and artifacts
including the Emperor’s throne, his death mask, and the camp bed on which he
died. A popular scene in wax museums represented a Malmaison room with
Napoleon taking rest.
181. Eisenstein is referring to the film L’Assassinat du duc de Guise [The Assassination of the
Duke of Guise] (1908) by Charles le Bargy and André Calmettes featuring the stars of
the Comédie Française, who performed in costumes and decorations closely
approximating the epoch of Henry III of France.
182. The two most famous of the four gigantic panoramic paintings of the Polish artist
and poet Jan Styka (1858-1925) are “Golgotha”, also known as “The Crucifixion”
(1894), and “The Martyrdom of Christians in Nero’s Circus” (1897). “Siege of
Sebastopol” (1905) is a museum panorama by Franz Roubaud (1856-1928) that
depicts the Battle of Malakoff, one of the major battles of the Crimean War of 1853-
56. It was created to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the defense of
Sebastopol.
183. With thephrase “the mass Leningrad spectacles of the beginning of the Revolution”
Eisenstein isprobably referring tomass spectacles such astheone staged in 1920 by
Nikolai Evreinov with the title The Storming of the Winter Palace: a re-enactment,
performed in front of one hundred thousand spectators, of that crucial moment of
the October Revolution on the date of its third anniversary, the 7th of November
1920. Spectacles such as this were a very important reference for Eisenstein while he
was shooting the film October in 1927-28.
184. This museum was known as Salon de cire.
185. The Voguls, today better known as the Mansi, are an indigenous people living in
Khanty–Mansia, an autonomous area within the region of Tiumen’ Oblast’ in
Russia.
186. In Russian literature “Journey” is a term used to describe travelogues: the most
famousistheoneofthemerchantAfanasiiNikitintoIndia(AJourneyBeyondtheThree
Seas or Khozhdenie za tri moria, 1468-1474).
187. Daniel of Kiev (the Pilgrim) (Daniil Palomnik) was an Orthodox hegumen; the first
Russian pilgrim to visit the Holy Land (in 1104-1106) and leave the description of his
travels.
188. Eisenstein here refers to the German literary movement Sturm und Drang [Storm and
Stress], which formed between the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th
century.
189. The writer and historian Nikolai Karamzin (1766-1826) described his travels to the
revolutionary France of 1789-90 in the book Letters of a Russian Traveler, which many
scholars consider to have laid the foundations of modern Russian literature.
474 notes